Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2005. Graduate Programme in Social and Political Thought. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 422-433). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR11586

Thesis (Ph.D.) - Carleton University, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 357-387). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

The current Chinese media political literature ascribes China’s effective media control to Communist Party censorship. Up until now, scholars and authors have overlooked how the enormous social and economic changes that China has undergone since economic reform has affected media control. This dissertation explores how such changes influence media control in China. It first examines the Chinese political economy and then focuses on studying China’s media, which has gone through considerable change since economic reform. Previously, Party ideological indoctrination and violent suppression were rampant. Today’s situation, however, could be characterized as indoctrination mingled with entertainment or “indoctritainment” (Sun 2002), and repression with an absence of full freedom of the media. I argue that “repressive state capitalism” has propelled economic development in China, particularly since 1989. In the reform era, repression coexists with economic development and is actually productive to Chinese economic growth because repression has both ensured state intervention in the economy and safeguarded a stable environment that is pivotal to the flourishing of economic activities. Using this political economic approach, I propose a political economic theory of “marketizing media control” to account for effective media control after media marketization, beginning with an empirical investigation of the traditional media and ending with an investigation of the new media in China. In short, repressive state capitalism is my contribution to political economic theory and marketizing media control is my contribution to Chinese media politics. / Graduate

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1985. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 455-465).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Stockholm, 1990. / Formal dissertation announcement (1 leaf) inserted. Includes bibliographical references (p. 175-187).

abstract: This dissertation investigates how rural e-commerce survives and thrives in resource-scarce rural China in the contemporary era. Building upon literatures on developmental state, state capitalism, industrial policy, and platform economy, this dissertation proposes a new theoretical framework, termed Digital Developmental Village, to understand China’s rural e-commerce development against rural China’s broader socioeconomic and politico-institutional contexts and the evolution of China’s political economy by underscoring three levels of interactions between the central government, local governments, e-commerce platform giants, and rural entrepreneurs. This dissertation draws upon the data from in-depth interviews with different kinds of participants involved with e-commerce at different places in which e-commerce-related activities occur through multi-site fieldwork across six East China provinces, together with data from secondary data gathering, to scrutinize interactions of four parties at each level. At the national level, this dissertation investigates the coevolution of the Digital Developmental Village model and finds that the bureaucratic evolution and emergence of new economic sector initially created and subsequently developed by private actors will be eventually subjected to the influence of China’s state capitalism. At the local level, in consideration of the factors of local governance approach, the pre-existing robust local economic sectors, and migration patterns, this dissertation creates a typological framework to explore the formation of e-commerce villages in varied settings of the combinations of three factors above. At the individual level, this dissertation finds that rural e-commerce entrepreneurs may achieve economic successes through some more intense forms of embeddedness, which are deemed commercially unwise in the extant literature, within differing local socioeconomic and politico-institutional contexts in China. Lastly, this dissertation analyzes the expansion of the Communist Party of China into rural e-commerce in the business incubator role and sees such organizational expansion as the efforts to implicitly exercise control over rural e-commerce. In sum, through top-down policy directives and bottom-up party organizational expansion, the Chinese state has been gradually transforming rural e-commerce to a new form of state capitalism with potential global impacts, which can empower resource-scarce villages and infuse two kinds of industrial policies to stimulate technological advances. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Justice Studies 2020

This research project explores the rise of Chinese cross-border finance. Cross-border investment programmes have been at the heart of China's financial liberalisation. Yet, we know little about what drives the expansion of these new market entry channels and the effects they have on global finance. This thesis explores the role that formal and informal institutions play in China's financial system, by addressing three main research goals: (1) to rethink analytical frameworks of global financial networks, by shifting the focus to channels of state power; (2) to investigate how such formal institutions shape competitive hierarchies in financial markets, both inside and outside of China; (3) to demonstrate that informal institutions such as a common cultural identity are equally important to explain behaviour and outcomes in Chinese cross-border finance. The thesis pursues this agenda through four substantive papers, each with its own subset of research goals and findings. The papers follow a three-fold structure. The thesis begins with an analytical focus on agents (micro-level), by examining the evolution of state-firm relations in Chinese cross-border finance. The first paper develops a politically sensitive framework of global financial networks, which conceptualises how bargaining dynamics within China's party-state shape competitive hierarchies in Chinese capital markets. Drawing on these theoretical insights, the second paper breaks new empirical ground, by explaining the asymmetrical nature of market access criteria for foreign investors. The third paper zooms out on the global consequences that Chinese state control has for money centres (macro-level). It sheds light on how state-firm relations shaped London's development as the first Western offshore trading centre for Chinese currency. The fourth paper shifts the attention to the role of informal social institutions in Chinese equity markets. It presents the first empirical study of how a common cultural identity with Mainland China governs the behaviour of different investor categories (group-level). The thesis distils the following findings: Bargaining conflicts inside the Chinese party-state have a decisive impact on competitive outcomes and behaviour in Chinese cross-border finance, both domestically and globally. Strategic state interests form an interdependent relationship with the resources supplied by foreign investors and domestic corporate players. Domestically, these resource interdependencies explain the asymmetrical nature of market access under China's cross-border investment schemes. Globally, the shift in state-firm bargaining dynamics from strategic alignment to an increasing bifurcation of interests explains the patchy integration of RMB finance into London's financial architectures. Informal social institutions equally shape competitive outcomes in China's capital markets. Whilst the literature identifies shared cultural identity as a source of local information advantage, this thesis finds the opposite: A common cultural background with national Chinese investors reduces information asymmetries for foreign investors but it does not equate to local information advantages. Overall, the four substantive papers add up to a multifaceted yet integrated perspective on the drivers, dynamics and consequences of Chinese cross-border finance. They clarify that the intersection of formal state governance and informal social forces is essential for understanding how the spread of neoliberal market forces unfolds across Chinese capital markets. This thesis thus affirms that space and place remain central to our understanding of financial market outcomes.

In the past, the Chinese economy frequently used the model of state capitalism to ensure the economic growth. As the growth invoked the extreme demand for natural resources, China started to use state enterprises for procurement of necessary resources. As the result of the expansion, we can observe overseas positive and negative effects. At the same time banker and stock exchange brokers are surprised to see first big sovereign fund´s acquisitions seeking prospective technology or profitable assets. The advantage of those funds is possibility to use huge foreign exchange reserves gained by the policy of cheap Yuan. Therefore, the thesis analyzes the overseas manifestations of state capitalism embodied in state enterprises and sovereign wealth funds and investigates whether the main incentives of the Chinese enterprises are resources and technology.

本論文在說明中共政權建立後，如何通過國家機器和其他動員力量，配合 政治經濟等手段，使中國大陸原有成千上萬私營工商業向社會主義公有制 過渡的過程。論文共分七章，第一章說明研究動機、目的、方法、限制及 資料來源。第二章探討對資本主義工商業實行社會主義改造的理論基礎， 主要是馬克思、恩格斯的贖買理論，和列寧、中共所採行的國家資本主義 。第三、四、五章研究對私營工商業改造的三個步驟：利用、限制、改造 。每個階段各有基本前提和具體措施，論文詳細說明中共採取哪些利用和 限制的方法，以達到完成改造的目的。第六章探討幾個問題，諸如改造的 歷史評價？改造進度何以大幅度加快？改造得以順利完成的原因？改造過 程的瑕疵與？第七章結論，首先分析消滅私營工商業對中國大陸經濟、社 會、政治各方面帶來哪些影響。其次，作者藉改造的歷史經驗，並針對「 中」港兩岸之間的互動，提供臺灣在未來應有的幾點思考。

Ce travail propose un retour sur la notion de "capitalisme d'État" sur les plans à la fois théorique et empirique, comparatif et monographique, afin de renouveler notre compréhension du rôle économique des États dans la période actuelle. Il repose sur un examen critique de contributions théoriques passées au sujet des relations État-marché, y compris notamment des écrits ayant abordé explicitement le "capitalisme d'État" durant le siècle dernier ainsi que ces dernières années. Il s'agit, de plus, de formuler et d'appliquer un nouveau cadre conceptuel et méthodologique rendant possible d'évaluer les modalités, sites institutionnels et degrés d'intensité du contrôle et de l'influence étatiques sur la vie économique. Enfin, ce travail incorpore une investigation en profondeur des manifestations institutionnelles et des ramifications sociétales des prérogatives économiques du parti-État en République populaire de Chine, la formation nationale la plus souvent identifiée au capitalisme d'État aujourd'hui. Cette étude constitue donc une tentative de démontrer la pertinence d'un concept de capitalisme d'État reconstruit pour une économie politique critique, en particulier vis-à-vis du programme de recherches actuel sur le capitalisme comparé. Elle vise, de plus, à assumer et à retravailler la problématique des acteurs sociaux et de la formation des élites afin de mieux élucider l'organisation et l'action de l'État capitaliste. Dans la mesure où elle contribue à éclairer la trajectoire de développement chinoise et la configuration politico-économique actuelle du pays, cette étude représente aussi un effort en vue de mieux intégrer le cas chinois dans la recherche comparative en économie politique. / This study seeks to revisit the notion of "state capitalism", at once theoretically and empirically, comparatively and monographically, in view of renewing the critical understanding of the state's involvement in capitalist markets in the current period. This endeavour is premised on a critical examination of the extant theoretical literature on state-market relations, including past writings that have grappled explicitly with "state capitalism", both in the previous century and in recent years. It entails, further, the design and implementation of a novel conceptual-methodological framework for the comparative assessment of degrees, modalities, and institutional sites of state control and influence over the economic process. Finally, it features an in-depth investigation of the institutional instantiations and societal ramifications of the party-state's economic attributions in the People's Republic of China, the national formation most frequently identified with state capitalism today. Overall, this study embodies an attempt to vindicate the relevance of a reconstructed concept of state capitalism for critical political economy, and specifically for the research agenda on comparative capitalism. Additionally, it purports to reclaim the problematics of social agency and elite formation in relation to the elucidation of the capitalist state. In so far as it sheds light on China's development trajectory in the reform era and on its present-day political-economic configuration, this study also represents an effort to further the integration of China within comparative research in political economy.