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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Valstybės biudžeto programų vertinimo modelis / Model of state budget evaluation program

Lazickas, Vilmantas 26 June 2014 (has links)
Taikomas biudžeto išlaidų paskirstymo metodas tiesiogiai įtakoja valstybės finansinių išteklių paskirstymo rezultatus. Dabar dažniausiai naudojamas programinis biudžetas ir įvairūs šiuo principu paremti modifikuoti biudžeto išlaidų paskirstymo modeliai. Išanalizavus mokslinę literatūrą, įvairias analitinio pobūdžio publikacijas ir esamą Lietuvos situaciją po biudžeto reformos, galima daryti išvadą, kad programinis biudžetas daugeliu principų yra vertintinas kaip perspektyvus ir daugeliu atveju tinkamas. Be abejo, šis metodas turi daug privalumų, tačiau negalima atmesti keleto trūkumų. Biudžeto programos yra pagrindinis programinio metodo komponentas. Pagal jų vertinimo rezultatus priimami sprendimai dėl valstybės išlaidų paskirstymo. Svarbu tinkamai įvertinti programas ir atrinkti naudingiausias valstybei, kurios galėtų ateityje atnešti naudą, tiek socialinę, tiek ekonominę, finansinę. Įvertinant Lietuvos situaciją, programų vertinimo problematiką, matomas aiškus poreikis padidinti programų vertinimo pagrįstumą ir objektyvumą. Tyrimo objektas – valstybės biudžeto išlaidų skirstymo procesas. Darbo tikslas – remiantis teorija, išanalizuoti valstybės biudžeto išlaidų skirstymo procesą programų metodu, apibendrinti ir sukurti sintetinį valstybės biudžeto programų vertinimo modelį. Šiam tikslui pasiekti iškelti šie svarbiausi uždaviniai: • išanalizuoti valstybės biudžeto išlaidų formavimą programų principu teoriniu aspektu; • įvertinti valstybės biudžeto programų efektyvumą; •... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The method of budget expenditures distribution directly influences on results of state government resources. Recently the program budget is used more often, all other modified distribution models of budget expenditures as well. Analysing the scientific literature, the different analytic publications and current Lithuania‘s situation after budget reform, it could be pointed, that the program budget in many cases is appraised as perspective and useful process. Budget programs are the main components of programming method. The solutions of state expenditures distribution are made according to programs results. It‘s important to evaluate the programs properly and select the most useful for the state, which could give the social, economic and financial outputs in the future. Defining current Lithuania‘s situation and problems of the program evaluation process, it‘s obvious that there is the necessity of increasment of program evaluation foundation and objectivity. The work object: the distribution process of state budget by programs. The work purpose is according to the theory to make an analysis of the state budget expenditures distribution process by programs, summarize and create the synthetical evaluation model of budget programs. The work tasks: • to analyze the theoretical aspects of the state budget expenditures distribution according to principles of programming; • to analyze the effectiveness of state budget programs; • to produce the Lithuania‘s practice of state program... [to full text]
2

Economia política das finanças subnacionais: teoria e análise empírica para os vinte e sete estados brasileiros na década de noventa

Leite, Marcel Guedes 08 April 2005 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:12:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 68495.PDF: 623504 bytes, checksum: eb05af002fc2cb01af5aff8e1bed3f6a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-04-08T00:00:00Z / The work investigates the determinants of the public finances of the Brazilian state governments in the Nineties, staring from the hypothesis that, despite the economic elements will be prominent, the neoclassical conception of management of the public finances is not adequate to treat the fiscal question as a whole, requiring it be understood as a political economy problem. From the analysis of available literature on the subject, a model is considered to investigate the effective importance of noneconomic variables on the public deficit and on the expenses of the Brazilian states. To analyze the influence of the political and institutional variables chosen – the ideology of the party in the state government; ideological coincidence with the party in the federal executive; fragmentation of the political representation of the executive, and of the legislative power; electoral competitiveness; participation of the electorate in the elections; and electoral cycle – the models were estimated through the econometrical technique for panel data, with data of the twenty-six states and the Federal District in the 1990 to 2000 period. To represent the public expenses, it was been used the not financial current expenses divided by the state GDP and to represent the public deficit, the primary fiscal result (not financial expenditures and revenues) divided by the state GDP. For the public expenses, the econometrical work showed up the existence of significant influence of all the proposed variables, while for the primary fiscal result only three variables (electoral cycle, fragmentation of the executive power and ideological coincidence of parties in the state and federal executive) revealed acceptable in statistical terms. / O trabalho investiga os elementos condicionantes das finanças públicas dos governos estaduais brasileiros nos anos noventa, partindo da hipótese de que, a despeito dos elementos econômicos serem relevantes, a concepção neoclássica de gestão das finanças públicas não é adequada para tratar a questão fiscal em toda sua extensão, exigindo que ela seja entendida como um problema de economia política. A partir da análise da literatura disponível sobre o tema, é proposto um modelo para se investigar a importância efetiva de variáveis não econômicas sobre o déficit público e sobre os gastos dos estados brasileiros. Para analisar a influência das variáveis políticas e institucionais escolhidas ¿ ideologia do partido no governo estadual, coincidência ideológica com o partido no poder executivo federal, fragmentação da representação política do poder executivo, e do poder legislativo, grau de competitividade eleitoral, participação do eleitorado no pleito e ciclo eleitoral os modelos foram estimados através da técnica econométrica para dados de painel, com dados dos vinte e seis estados e Distrito Federal no período de 1990 a 2000. Para representar os gastos públicos foram utilizadas as despesas correntes não financeiras divididas pelo PIB estadual e para representar o déficit público, o resultado fiscal primário (despesas e receitas não financeiras) dividido pelo PIB estadual. Para os gastos públicos o trabalho econométrico evidenciou a existência de influência significativa de todas as variáveis propostas, enquanto para o resultado fiscal primário, apenas as variáveis: ciclo eleitoral, fragmentação partidária do poder executivo e coincidência ideológica de partidos no poder executivo estadual e federal mostraram-se estatisticamente aceitáveis.

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