The title of this diploma thesis is knowledge and preparedness of the population to provide first aid in case of an extraordinary events. It is divided into two main parts, that is the theoretical part and the empirical part of the thesis. The theoretical part of this diploma thesis is contained in one main chapter named Current status that contains several subheads. In the consecutive successive subheads we define the definition of first aid and its history. Moreover they contain characteris-tics and division of the Slovakian Integrated rescue system and the activity of the IRS coordination center. Within first aid and its procedure, this diploma thesis contains cha-racterizations of the first approach to the befallen, the characteristics of the rescue chain and the appointment and detailed description of life-saving activities. The next subhead contains selection of dangerous accidents with the tendency of direct threat to life and their treatment in the means of first aid. Further away we created an individual subhead about the procedure at the casualty site with a large number of the befallen persons. A very important element of first aid is the psychological effect on the befallen. This is described in the subhead Providing of psychological first aid at the casualty site. The next subhead describes the most common myths, miscues and mistakes in providing of amateur first aid. Many amateur rescuers stand by inactively in situations when help is needed, they feel that their knowledge of providing first aid is not sufficient and they are afraid. All of these negative factors cost the befallen valuable seconds that are nee-ded for saving a life and that is why it´s important to increase the public awareness abo-ut providing first aid. The individual subhead about extraordinary events contains basic characteristics of this problem and the description of chosen, most commonly occurring extraordinary events that endanger the residents of Slovakia. Seeing that the chosen method of this diploma thesis is a questionnaire and subsequently statistical evaluation of acquired data, it was necessary to include the statistical methods in the theoretical part of the thesis. The last part of the theoretical part of this diploma thesis is the des-cription of basic descriptive statistics methods and the description of the mathematical statistics methods, that are applied in the empirical part of the thesis. The empirical part of this diploma thesis begins with an assessment of aims and two hypothesis, that focus on ascertaining of the degree of theoretical knowledge of civilians about the providing of first aid in different kinds of extraordinary events. The methodical part of the thesis describes the way of collecting the data using a questionna-ire, it closely describes the characteristics of object file, inquiry progression and results processing. The results describe individual questions and their evaluation and subsequ-ently course of statistical inquiry and comparing its results using the methods of des-criptive and mathematical statistics. The last chapter of this diploma thesis is focused on the discussion about acquired results from the individual questions inquiries and subse-quently the description of the results of statistical inquiry. This part of the thesis further away contains practical recommendations that emerge from acquired results and their application.

Syftet med denna studie är att bidra med ökad kunskap om lärande och undervisning i informell statistisk inferens. I studien användes en kvalitativ forskningsstrategi inriktad mot prövning och generering av teorier med inspiration av grounded theory. Studiens kunskapsfokus är riktad mot karakterisering av statistiska processer och begrepp där system av begreppsramverk om informell statistisk inferens och modellering utgör en central del av forskningen. För att erhålla adekvat empiri utformades en undervisningssituation där elever engagerades med att planera och genomföra en undersökning. Studien genomfördes i en normal klassrumssituation där undervisningen inriktades mot ett område inom sannolikhet och statistisk där bland annat lådagram och normalfördelning med tillhörande begrepp introduceras. Det empiriska materialet samlades in genom videoinspelning och skriftliga redovisningar. Materialet analyserades genom ett sammansatt ramverk om informell statistisk inferens och modellering. Resultatet av analysen visar exempel på hur elever kan förväntas uttrycka aspekter av informella statistisk inferens då de genomför statistiska undersökningar. Vidare utvecklades ett ramverk som teoretiskt beskriver informell statistisk inferens i modelleringssituationer. Studien pekar på att ISI-modellering har potential att användas för att analysera hur informell statistisk inferens kan komma till uttryck och att identifiera potentiella inlärningsmöjligheter för studenter att utveckla sin förmåga att uttrycka informella statistisk slutledning och att identifiera potentiella inlärningsmöjligheter för elever att utveckla sin förmåga att uttrycka informella inferenser. / The purpose of this study is to improve our knowledge about teaching and learning of informal statistical inference. A qualitative research strategy is used in the study that focuses on the testing and generation of theories inspired by grounded theory. The knowledge focus of the study is aimed at the characterisation of statistical processes and concepts where systems of concept frameworks about informal statistical inference and modelling represent an essential part of the research. In order to obtain adequate empirical data, a teaching situation was devised whereby students were involved in planning and implementing an investigation. The study was conducted in a normal classroom situation where the teaching was focused on an area in probability and statistics that included the introduction of box plots and normal distribution with related concepts. The empirical material was collected through video recordings and written reports. The material was analysed using a combined framework of informal statistical inference and modelling. The results of the analysis highlight examples of how students can be expected to express aspects of informal statistical inference within the context of statistical inquiry. A framework was also developed aimed to theoretically depict informal statistical inference in modelling situations. The study suggests that this framework has the potential to be used to analyse how informal statistical inference of students are expressed and to identify potential learning opportunities for students to develop their ability to express inferences.