Darbe analizuojamas statybinių medžiagų konkurencingumas, nustatyti statybinių medžiagų konkurencingumą įtakojantys veiksniai ir pateikti pasiūlymai rinkos gerinimui. Pasitvirtino hipotezė, kad statybinių medžiagų paklausą ir kainas įtakoja klientų poreikiai ir jų finansinės galimybės, tačiau pasaulinės krizės įtaka yra labai ženkli,. Atlikta darbuotojų ir pirkėjų apklausa padėjo nustatyti, kokios statybinės medžiagos dažniausiai yra perkamos, kaip klientai ir darbuotojai vertina įmonę ir jos konkurentus, kokiomis paslaugomis ir nuolaidomis dažniausiai naudojasi, kaip vertina prekių kokybę. Apibendrinus tyrimo rezultatus, pateiktos teorinės ir praktinės išvados bei rekomendacijos. / In this work is analyzed ability of building materials, identifying subjects who influence it and provided proposals for improvement of market. There were approved hypothesis that the demand and prices of building materials are under of influence of customer’s requirements, their financial situation, but the global crisis influence is very visible. Accomplished inquiry of employees and buyers helped to establish, what building materials are saleable, how clients and employers estimate company and her competitors, which services and discounts usually use and how estimate the quality of goods. Theoretical and practical conclusions and recommendations proposed by summarized results of research.

Baigiamojo magistro darbo tikslas - išanalizuoti naujų ekologiškų statybinių medžiagų ir inžinerinės įrangos iš atsinaujinančių energijos išteklių raidą pasaulyje ir jų taikymą individualių gyvenamųj�� namų statyboje, ir pateikti racionaliausius sprendimus, pritaikant juos gyvenamųjų namų statyboje Lietuvoje, atsižvelgiant į ekonominius aspektus. Šiame darbe nagrinėjama gyvenamajai žmogaus aplinkai ir sveikatai kenksmingų veiksnių įtaka, atkreipiant dėmesį į naudojamas statybines medžiagas ir inžinerinę įrangą, statant gyvenamuosius namus, ir pateikiant tradicinėms statybos technologijoms alternatyvų. Apibūdinant „žaliosios energijos“ inžinerinės įrangos ir ekologiškų statybinių medžiagų plėtrą pasaulyje, pateikiamas jų praktinis panaudojimas, statant individualiuosius gyvenamuosius namus. Atsižvelgiant į naujas statybos direktyvas, plėtojant gyvenamųjų namų ekologišką statybą Lietuvoje, šios statybos ekonominius aspektus ir Lietuvos geografines sąlygas, pateikiami labiausiai galimi ekologiškos statybos variantai Lietuvos sąlygomis. Remiantis atliktos apklausos apie gyvenamojo namo ekologišką statybą rezultatais, palyginus projektinio ekologiško gyvenamojo namo ir tradicinio skydinio gyvenamojo namo mechanines savybes ir statybos išlaidas, darbo pabaigoje pateikiamos išvados apie ekologiškos statybos būsto statybos ir rinkos perspektyvas Lietuvoje. Darbo apimtis – 84 p. teksto be priedų, 22 pav., 9 lent., 91 literatūros šaltiniai. Atskirai pridedami darbo priedai. / The objective of final paper of master studies is to analyze the development of new ecological construction materials and engineer systems from renewable energy resources and its implementation in living houses construction industry, giving the most rational solutions to this construction technology implementation in Lithuania, considering the economical aspects. In this paper there are studying the influence of harmful factors to living environment and people health, taking attention to the construction materials and engineer facility that are used in living houses construction, and giving the alternatives to traditional construction technology. Defining the engineer systems of “green energy” and ecological construction materials development in the world, there are giving its practical use in living houses construction. Considering to new construction directives in Lithuania, economical aspects and geographical conditions in Lithuania, there are giving most impossible variants of living houses ecological construction in Lithuania. According to the results of questioning about ecological construction of living houses, after comparison of mechanical features and construction costs of potential ecological house and traditional living house, in the end of the work there are giving conclusion about the perspectives of ecological house construction and its market in Lithuania. Span of final paper – 84 pages of text not including appendix, 22 illustrations, 9 tables, 91 sources... [to full text]

The study is devoted to problems of exposure caused by radionuclides in construction materials. Results received by gamma measurements and calculations (dose modeling) are used. Construction materials produced and/or used in Lithuania were investigated. The results of measurements (concentrations of natural radionuclides and activity indexes) are given for different types of construction materials. On the basis of these results and peculiarities of use of construction materials they have been classified according to their radiological significance. It helps to determine possible amounts of construction materials to be investigated and priorities of investigations. Relationship between activity indexes of different construction materials and dose rates in premises constructed of these construction materials has been determined. It might be used for increase of precision of personal dosimetric measurements performed in premises constructed of different materials. Possible relationship between absorbed dose rate indoors and concentration of indoor radon is discussed. Results of measurements of concentrations of natural radionuclides in archeological samples of construction materials are also presented and discussed. Dose modeling has been performed with the help of ALARA planning tool Visiplan 3D. Distributions of absorbed dose rate in standard living premises have been determined, relationship between dose rate and different parameters of constructions, such as thickness... [to full text]

The study is devoted to problems of exposure caused by radionuclides in construction materials. Results received by gamma measurements and calculations (dose modeling) are used. Construction materials produced and/or used in Lithuania were investigated. The results of measurements (concentrations of natural radionuclides and activity indexes) are given for different types of construction materials. On the basis of these results and peculiarities of use of construction materials they have been classified according to their radiological significance. It helps to determine possible amounts of construction materials to be investigated and priorities of investigations. Relationship between activity indexes of different construction materials and dose rates in premises constructed of these construction materials has been determined. It might be used for increase of precision of personal dosimetric measurements performed in premises constructed of different materials. Possible relationship between absorbed dose rate indoors and concentration of indoor radon is discussed. Results of measurements of concentrations of natural radionuclides in archeological samples of construction materials are also presented and discussed. Dose modeling has been performed with the help of ALARA planning tool Visiplan 3D. Distributions of absorbed dose rate in standard living premises have been determined, relationship between dose rate and different parameters of constructions, such as thickness... [to full text]

Baigiamajame magistro darbe nagrinėjamos ekologiškos statybinės medžiagos, analizuojami namo dalių konstrukciniai variantai, statant namus iš šių medžiagų. Taip pat sudaroma kompiuterinė sistema, padedanti vartotojui išsirinkti racionaliausią ekologiškų medžiagų panaudojimo variantą. Darbą sudaro trys dalys. Pirmojoje dalyje apžvelgiama ekologiškų statybinių medžiagų samprata, pagrindiniai principai, aprašomas statybinių medžiagų gyvavimo ciklas, aptariama aplinkai nekenksmingų medžiagų situacija Europoje. Antrojoje dalyje plačiau aprašomos gamtai nekenksmingos statybinės medžiagos, galimi tokių medžiagų konstrukciniai variantai. Analizuojami sienų, stogo dangos, šilumos izoliacijos ir šildymo sistemos pritaikymo galimybės statant ekologišką namą. Trečiojoje dalyje nagrinėjamas praktinis ekologiško namo konstrukcijų pritaikymo modelis. Sudaroma alternatyvų ir kriterijų sistema, apibūdinanti nekenksmingo aplinkai namo konstrukcinius elementus. Panaudojant kiekybinius ir kokybinius kriterijus ir galimas medžiagų alternatyvas, atliekama daugiakriterė statybinių medžiagų ir jų konstrukcijų analizė, sudaroma kompiuterinė sistema. / Ecological and environmentally friendly building materials and constructional options, that are used to build houses, are considered in this master work. It also contains the computer system enabling the user to choose the most rational option of ecological materials. This master work consists of three parts: In the first part the concept of ecological building materials and main principles are described. It also contains information about the life cycle of building materials and the situation of environmentally friendly materials in Europe are discussed. The second part describes environmentally friendly building materials and possible structural variations of such materials. It analyzes walls, roof, heat insulation and possibilities of heating system in the ecological house. In the third part the practical model of the ecological house is considered. An alternative and criteria system that describes the environmentally friendly house constructional elements is created. Using quantitative, qualitative criteria and possible material alternatives multiple criteria analysis of building materials and their construction is performed. The computer system is also made.