Orientador: Rúben de Faria Negrão Filho / Banca: Fabio Micolis de Azevedo / Banca: Diego Basile Colugnati / Resumo: A velocidade de contração é um importante fator de interferência na relação entre força e eletromiografia. O presente trabalho visa promover uma melhor compreensão da relação EMG x força no quesito velocidade de contração. Foi coletado o sinal eletromiográfico de superfície do músculo bíceps braquial de dez voluntários. Os sujeitos realizaram três CIVM, onde a média das três foi considerada a capacidade máxima de força gerada pelo indivíduo sendo utilizada para a normalização dos valores de RMS. Em seguida os sujeitos foram orientados a realizar 10 contrações isométricas em rampa e 10 contrações isométricas em degrau de maneira aleatória com sobrecarga de 40% da CVM. Nos exercícios em rampa a força era incrementada de maneira gradativa de 0 a 40% da CVM, e nos exercícios em degrau o indivíduo era orientado a incrementar a força em sua máxima velocidade de contração, em ambas as velocidades de contração o voluntário realizava os exercícios com encorajamento verbal e "feedback" visual na tela do computador. Resultados: o tempo de subida em degrau variou significantemente, o aumento dos valores de RMS em rampa e em degrau foi gradativo, porém em rampa foi maior do que em degrau. O resultado neste trabalho nos permite concluir que há diferenças quando se aplica diferentes velocidades de contração. Sendo que essas diferenças podem indicar um maior recrutamento de fibras do tipo II e ativação muscular nos exercícios em rampa e que esse recrutamento pode ser gradativo. / Abstract: Filho, Presidente Prudente, 2011. The speed of contraction is an important factor that influences the relationship between strength and electromyography. The present work aims to promote a better understanding of the relation x EMG power in the issue of contraction speed. We collected surface electromyographic signal of the biceps brachii ten volunteers. The subjects performed three MVC, where the average of the three was considered the maximum force generated by person being used for the normalization of the RMS values. Then the subjects were instructed to perform 10 isometric ramps and step isometric 10 randomly loaded with 40% of MVC. In the exercise on ramp the force was increased will gradually from 0 to 40% of MVC, and exercises on step the individual was instructed to increase the force at its maximum speed of contraction in both the voluntary contraction speeds perform the exercises with verbal encouragement and visual feedback on the computer screen. Results: the ascent time in step varied significantly, the increase of RMS values in step and ramp were gradual, but a ramp was higher than in step. The result of this work allows us to conclude that there are differences when applying different speeds of contraction. Since these differences may indicate a higher recruitment of type II fibers and muscle activation exercises ramp and that recruitment may be gradual. / Mestre

[pt] A indústria de confecção vem aplicando cada vez mais equipamentos que visam o aumento da produção aliado à qualidade elevada. Esses, em sua maioria, são máquinas automáticas na etapa que antecede o corte do tecido, ou seja, na criação, desenho e encaixe dos moldes (peças que compõem a roupa). Esse trabalho tem por objetivo o desenvolvimento de um equipamento para captura das imagens dos moldes, com o uso de apenas um sensor ótico. É proposto como uma alternativa para mesas digitalizadoras e scanners de mesa comerciais. Visto que a maioria das empresas possui seus moldes em chapas de acrílico ou cartolina, é interessante a existência de um dispositivo capaz de transportá-los para o computador. A partir daí, ele pode ser trabalhado como uma imagem digitalizada. É apresentado o processo de fabricação, com suas partes mecânicas, eletrônicas e algoritmos de controle e captura das imagens. O custo das imagens. O custo e desempenho final deve estar situado entre a mesa digitalizadora e a scanner de mesa comercial. Ao final, são traçados alguns comentários sobre os resultados alcançados. / [en] Confection companies are using more and more equipments to improve their productions. Not only concerned on the amount of products, but also for higher quality. Especially in process before fabric cutting, many of these machines are automatic. The reason for this work is to develop an equipment to capture images from molds, using only one optic sensor. It must be na alternative for digitizing tables and commercial scanners. Since mosto f the companies have their molds in acrylic plates and cardboards, it is necessary using a device to convert them to a to a digitized image an image. The final cost and execution must be situaded between the digitizing table and the commercial scanner. Some points are discussed about the results and, at the conclusion, about the possibility of becoming a commercial equipment.

[pt] O presente trabalho consiste no desenvolvimento de um sistema para controle de motores de passo em nível de micropasso. Embora a perfomance obtida com os acionamentos convencionais em passo inteiro e meio passo seja satisfatória para muitas aplicações, há um certo número de problemas intrínsecos na operação sob esta forma de acionamento que impedem a generalização do uso dos motores de passo. Assim, a adoção de um ângulo de passo menor que o habitual (micropasso) se mostra um interessante alternativa para aumentar a resolução e reduzir os problemas de vibração do motor. O trabalho descreve o sistema proposto e mostra os resultados obtidos, comparando-o com os sistemas convencionais. / [en] The present work reports the development of an electric driver to control step motors in microestepping mode. Although the performance achieved with usual full step and half step drivers in satisfactory for many applications, low resolution and vibration in their operation prevent the general use of these drivers. One approach to solve these problems is to drive the stepper in a microstepping mode. The work describes the development of this system, shows the experimental results and compares it with the usual full and half step systems.

There is described a electromigration separation method for the analysis of low concentrations of copper with the possibility to detect a Wilson disease in my thesis. There were developed a methodology and propitious electrolyte systems, which can pre-concentrate copper prior to its on-line analysis. The developed electrolyte system for analysis had the following composition: LE1 (1.10-2 M CH3COOH, 2.10-2 M CH3COONH4, 2.10-4 M SPADNS), LE2 (1.10-2 M CH3COONH4, 1.10-2 M NH4OH, 1.10-4 M BKP, 5.10-5 M PAR, 5.10-3 M C6H17N3O7) and DE (7.10-5 M Cu(CH3COO)2, 1.10-3 M CH3COONH4 a 1.10-2 M CH3COOH). With a suggested electrolyte was achieved almost seventyfold accumulation of copper during 42 minutes, which lowered the concentration detection limit on the level convenient for the detection of Wilson disease. Complete analysis took about 98 minutes. There was accomplished a conductometric detection of copper in my thesis, however the developed electrolyte system can also analyze a copper by photometric detection, which is more sensitive.

Diploma thesis, entitled "The evaluation of the beer market in the Czech Republic", focuses on the analysis of beer market, the evaluation of current situation and recommendations to market participant. In the first part of this thesis, the literature review, are explained concepts related to the market, the business environment and the analysis of micro and macro environment. There can be also found definition of beer and the history of brewing industry. There are also adduced the types of beer and the development and actual state of tax conditions. The second section describes the basic characteristics containing production, consumption, export, import and the price of beer. There are specified protective certified brands of origin and quality and actual and potential market participants. Next part deals with the STEP analysis and Porter´s model. Based on the information obtained from the analytical section of this thesis are created proposals and recommendations to breweries for next steps.

The aim of this thesis is to summarizingly describe non-contractual institutions of the use of copyrighted work, to define this legal branch under the system of copyright law as well as to briefly introduce the essential institutes and concepts of copyright law as such. The second chapter focuses on the explanation of the concept of copyright law and its placement in the system of law. Afterwards, a brief historical background of copyright law on the territory of the Czech Republic and the most important reasons for providing copyright protection are introduced. In the third chapter, the essential concepts of copyright law are defined, such as author's work, the characteristics of author's works, categories of author's works, exceptions to copyright and the concept of authorship. The description of when the copyright protection is created follows. Then, the definition of the content of copyright, including the scope of moral and economic rights of author of the work, is presented. Finally, the institution of public domain is explained. The fourth and main chapter of this thesis contains a digression in the field of copyright contracts, followed by the introduction to the field of the non-contractual institutions of the use of copyrighted work. Next, there is an overview of the European and...

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abstract: This dissertation explores the historical development and contemporary deployment of discursive practices that constitute the “truth” of addiction, which in turn serve as the bases for interventions into the lives of people who use intoxicants for any number of reasons. A number of interrelated research questions structure this governmentality analysis. First, what is the evolution of the governmental frames developed and deployed to understand, discipline, and recover addiction in the arena of alcohol and illicit drug use in United States? Second, how does twelve-step serve to transform unruly addicts into self-disciplining citizens? Finally, how does The Meth Project (TMP) exemplify and/or diverge from the dominant addiction governmental frames developed during the Temperance and Progressive eras in the United States? My overall goal is to destabilize our ready understanding of addiction and demonstrate that it is as much a tool of social needs as it is a mental illness by demonstrating: 1) the historically contingent nature of our understandings of addiction and addicts; 2) how these historically contingent understandings are actualized as technologies geared toward “recovering” unruly subjects; and 3) how these historically contingent understandings are taken up as “epistemological scripts” used to conceptualize the “true nature” of certain types of drugs and drug users while simultaneously supporting various regimes of discipline and punishment for those determined to remain “unruly subjects.” / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Justice Studies 2016

abstract: Progressive gait disorder in Parkinson's disease (PD) is usually exhibited as reduced step/stride length and gait speed. People with PD also exhibit stooped posture, which can contribute to reduced step length and arm swing. Since gait and posture deficits in people with PD do not respond well to pharmaceutical and surgical treatments, novel rehabilitative therapies to alleviate these impairments are necessary. Many studies have confirmed that people with PD can improve their walking patterns when external cues are presented. Only a few studies have provided explicit real-time feedback on performance, but they did not report how well people with PD can follow the cues on a step-by-step basis. In a single-session study using a novel-treadmill based paradigm, our group had previously demonstrated that people with PD could follow step-length and back angle feedback and improve their gait and posture during treadmill walking. This study investigated whether a long-term (6-week, 3 sessions/week) real-time feedback training (RTFT) program can improve overground gait, upright posture, balance, and quality of life. Three subjects (mean age 70 ± 2 years) with mild to moderate PD (Hoehn and Yahr stage III or below) were enrolled and participated in the program. The RTFT sessions involved walking on a treadmill while following visual feedback of step length and posture (one at any given time) displayed on a monitor placed in front of the subject at eye-level. The target step length was set between 110-120% of the step length obtained during a baseline non-feedback walking trial and the target back angle was set at the maximum upright posture exhibited during a quiet standing task. Two subjects were found to significantly improve their posture and overground walking at post-training and these changes were retained six weeks after RTFT (follow-up) and the third subject improved his upright posture and gait rhythmicity. Furthermore, the magnitude of the improvements observed in these subjects was greater than the improvements observed in reports on other neuromotor interventions. These results provide preliminary evidence that real-time feedback training can be used as an effective rehabilitative strategy to improve gait and upright posture in people with PD. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Biomedical Engineering 2017

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-02-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:49:38Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_ds_me_ilha.pdf: 714350 bytes, checksum: f3f8101e373024cd4f64ef7d8c6923d8 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / O objetivo do trabalho consiste em estudar e implementar um método de identificação de modelos de funções de transferência que utiliza como entrada de teste um degrau e que foi proposto inicialmente em Kosaka (2005) e compreende duas fases: obtenção de dados referentes à saída do sistema após a aplicação da entrada degrau e a composição de um sistema matricial formado por uma matriz de Toeplitz a partir desses dados. Na solução deste sistema matricial, estima-se os parâmetros da função de transferência do sistema. Neste estudo é proposta uma generalização do método de identificação, descrito em Kosaka, para funções de transferências instáveis. Esse novo método tem como base a multiplicação, no domínio do tempo, da saída da planta y(t) por uma função exponencial do tipo e-at, sendo a um número real positivo. A constante “a” deve ser suficientemente grande, de modo que y(t)e-at ->0 quando t ->infinito. Com esse procedimento o método identifica uma função de transferência estável (G(s+a)) e então é identificada a função de transferência da planta (G(s)). Os resultados da avaliação mostram que o método generalizado e proposto para funções de transferência instáveis também pode ser aplicado em funções de transferência estáveis. O método generalizado fornece melhores resultados quando é comparada a resposta ao degrau da função de transferência estimada pelo método generalizado com a resposta ao degrau do método proposto originalmente por Kosaka em relação à resposta ao degrau da função de transferência da planta com ruído branco na saída. / The objective of this work is to study and implement a method of identifying models of transfer functions which uses as input one step and that was initially proposed in Kosaka (2005).This method comprises two phases: obtaining data relating to the output of the system after application of the step and the composition of a system matrix composed of by a Toeplitz matrix from these data. With the solution of this matrix system, it is estimated the parameters of the transfer function of the system. In this study is proposed a generalization of the identification method, described in Kosaka, for unstable transfer functions. This new method is based on the multiplication in time domain of the plant's output y (t) by an exponential function of the type and e- at,, where a is a positive real number. The constant a must be large enough so that y (t)e- at ->0 when t -> infinite. With this procedure the method identifies a stable transfer function (G (s + a)) and then is identified the transfer function of the plant (G (s)). The results of the evaluation showed that the method widespread and proposed for unstable transfer functions can also be applied to stable transfer functions. The generalized method showed better results when compared with the step response of the transfer functions estimated by the method with the step response of the transfer function estimed by the method originally proposed by Kosaka (2005), regarding the step response of the transfer function of the plant with white noise in the output.