Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:14:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Arquivototal.pdf: 2897753 bytes, checksum: dcf36c9ad33420797b30ee420d027633 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Recently, tapered granular chains have been studied for the development of impact-absorbing devices (shock waves). The characteristic of this system to mitigate shock waves (pulses of linear momentum), makes this material an excellent candidate for such absorbers. Therefore, many studies have been conducted in this direction, but most are numeric character, and some analytical. However, the analytical approximations presented do not show good fits with numerical solutions. In this work we study analytically the propagation of linear momentum and kinetic energy in one-dimensional tapered chains of spherical grains that interact according to the Hertz potential. We apply the binary approximation, based on the supposition that the energy transferred along the chain occurs through successive collisions between two particles. Four settings taper were studied: forward linear, forward exponential, backward linear and backward exponential. With the Binary Theory, we correctly anticipate the trends of increase and decrease the propagation of linear momentum and kinetic energy. However, to capture the correct values of the amplitudes of the pulses of these quantities we developed a numericalanalytic correction to the velocities of particles. Compared the results with numerical solutions of the equations of motion, where we use the Runge-Kutta fourth order. The results show: good agreement between the analytical and numerical theories; forward exponentially tapered chains are the most suitable in the design of absorbers (present exponential decay of linear momentum); a weaker scenario for the propagation of kinetic energy (due to quadratic dependence with the velocity), but the linear momentum is the quantity relevant in the context of impacts.Furthermore, we found good agreement with experimental results presented by F. Melo et al (2006). Thus, we present analytical expressions that capture correctly the propagation of linear momentum and kinetic energy in tapered granular chains. These systems actually demonstrate be excellent for absorbing shock waves, attenuating pulses of linear momentum and saturating kinetic energy. An extension of this work is to study tapered decorated chains and with precompression, allowing the absorption in chains composed of a number smaller grains (short chains). / Recentemente, cadeias granulares afiladas tem sido objeto de estudo para o desenvolvimento de dispositivos absorvedores de impacto (ondas de choque). A caracterıstica deste sistema em atenuar ondas de choque (pulsos de momento linear), torna este material um excelente candidato para tais absorvedores. Assim, vários estudos neste sentido foram realizados, por´em a maioria são de caráter numérico e, alguns, anal´ıticos. Todavia, as aproximaçoes analıticas apresentadas não demonstram bons ajustes com soluções numericas. Neste trabalho estudamos analiticamente a propagação do momento linear e energia cinetica em cadeias afiladas unidimensionais de graos esfericos que interagem segundo o potencial de Hertz. Aplicamos a aproximaçao binaria, baseada na suposiçao que a energia transferida ao longo da cadeia ocorre atraves de colis oes sucessivas entre duas part´ıculas. Estudamos quatro configuraçoes de afilamento: linear para frente, exponencial para frente, linear para tras e exponencial para tras. Com a Teoria Binaria, prevemos corretamente as tendencias de aumento e diminuiçao das propagaçoes do momento linear e energia cinetica. Contudo, para capturarmos os valores corretos das amplitudes dos pulsos dessas grandezas desenvolvemos uma correçao numerico-analıtica para as velocidades das partıculas. Confrontamos os resultados com soluçoes numericas das equaçoes de movimento, onde utilizamos o metodo de Runge-Kutta de quarta ordem. Os resultados demonstram: bom acordo entre as teorias analıtica e numerica; as cadeias afiladas exponencialmente para frente são as mais indicadas nos projetos de absorvedores (apresentam decaimento exponencial do momento linear); um cen´ario mais fraco para a propagação da energia cinetica (devido a dependencia quadratica com a velocidade), porem o momento linear e a grandeza relevante no contexto de impactos. Alem disso, obtivemos bom acordo com resultados experimentais apresentados por F. Melo e colaboradores (2006). Dessa forma, apresentamos expressoes analıticas que capturam corretamente as propagaçoes de momento linear e energia cinetica em cadeias granulares afiladas. Estes sistemas, realmente demonstram serem excelentes para absorver ondas de choque, atenuando pulsos de momento linear e saturando pulsos de energia cin´etica.Uma extensao deste trabalho sera estudar cadeias decoradas afiladas com pre-compressao, que permitem a absorçao de ondas de choque com numero menor de graos nas cadeias (cadeias curtas).

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Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2017-09-28T13:17:05Z (GMT) / Submitted by Rodrigo Orefise Dentello null (rodrigodentello@gmail.com) on 2017-10-02T12:11:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado Rodrigo Orefise Dentello.pdf: 3135657 bytes, checksum: b5e87e13e54b4ab1c494888ed13cc131 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by LUIZA DE MENEZES ROMANETTO (luizamenezes@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2017-10-04T15:16:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 dentello_ro_me_guara.pdf: 3135657 bytes, checksum: b5e87e13e54b4ab1c494888ed13cc131 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-04T15:16:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dentello_ro_me_guara.pdf: 3135657 bytes, checksum: b5e87e13e54b4ab1c494888ed13cc131 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O motor Stirling é um motor de combustão externa que opera com diferenças de temperaturas, produzindo trabalho mecânico e eletricidade. Esse tipo de motor opera em um ciclo fechado, que através do uso de uma fonte quente e uma fria, expande e comprime um fluido de trabalho (ar, hélio ou hidrogênio, dentre os mais comuns), fornecendo assim o movimento de um pistão. Pode operar com calor residual e também com a queima de qualquer tipo de combustível (gás natural, diesel, gasolina, etc). Essa tecnologia tem se destacado para o desenvolvimento de sistemas que operam com biocombustíveis (biogás e syngas) e com energias renováveis, como por exemplo, caso de uso de concentradores solares. Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar as performances termodinâmica, econômica e ambiental de um sistema Stirling operando com sistema de alimentação a biogás e energia solar, aplicado para a geração de energia elétrica descentralizada. São realizados estudos dos aspectos termodinâmicos do ciclo Stirling, com foco no funcionamento e no trabalho do motor. São efetuadas análises técnicas do sistema operando com câmara de combustão a biogás e utilizando energia de concentrador solar parabólico. Em etapa final são analisados e comparados os aspectos econômicos e ambientais do sistema acionado por biogás e energia solar. Os resultados obtidos mostraram pela teoria de Schmidt uma eficiência do motor Stirling de 67%. Da análise econômica, fica evidente que um maior número de horas de operação corrobora com a viabilidade econômica. Quantos aos aspectos ambientais, o valor da eficiência ecológica do motor Stirling operando a biogás é de 98,02%. No caso do sistema solar utilizando concentrador para alimentar o motor Stirling, a eficiência ecológica indica é de cerca de 98%. Conclui-se que o uso de fontes renováveis, permitem bons níveis de eficiência de geração de energia elétrica de sistemas utilizando motores Stirling de pequeno porte, reduzindo níveis de poluição atmosférica e contribuindo para a redução do efeito estufa. / The Stirling engine is an external combustion engine that operates at varying temperatures, producing mechanical work or electricity. This type of engine operates in a closed cycle, which through the use of a hot and cold source expands and compresses a working fluid (air, helium or hydrogen, among the most common), thus providing the movement of a piston. It can operate with residual heat and also with the burning of any type of fuel (natural gas, diesel, gasoline, etc.). This technology has been outstanding for the development of hybrid systems that operate with biofuels (biogas and syngas) and with renewable energies, as for example, case of use of solar concentrators. This work aims to study the thermodynamic, economic and environmental performances of a Stirling system operating with a biogas and solar energy supply system, applied for the generation of decentralized electric energy. Studies are carried out on the thermodynamic aspects of the Stirling cycle, focusing on the operation and work of the engine. Technical analysis of the system is carried out using a biogas combustion chamber and using parabolic solar concentrator energy. In the final stage are analyzed and compared the economic and environmental aspects of the system activated by biogas and solar energy. The results showed that through the thermodynamic analysis by the Schmidt theory, a Stirling engine efficiency of 67% was obtained. From the economic analysis, it is evident that a greater number of hours of operation corroborates with economic viability. As for the environmental aspects, the ecological efficiency value of the Stirling engine operating biogas is 98.02%. In the case of the solar system using concentrator to power the Stirling engine, the ecological efficiency indicates is about 98%. It is concluded that the use of renewable sources, allow good levels of efficiency of electric power generation of systems using small Stirling motors, reducing levels of air pollution and contributing to the reduction of the greenhouse effect.

Stirling engines are promising candidates for applications where air breathing engines cannot be used. Self contained engines capable of operating independently of the environment are required to convert thermal energy into electric power, or to perform other necessary functions. These are ideally suited for power generation onboard spacecrafts with radioisotope heat source. These engines can power interplanetary missions to Mars and beyond. The problem of parametric analysis, sensitivity and numerical optimization of Stirling cycle engine is discussed and applied to a specific example of a 2kWe free piston Stirling engine. Stirling cycle simulation programs are generated with emphasis and adaptations peculiar to free piston design for space use. Design algorithms are generated in MatLab and optimization toolbox is used for the parametric analysis adopted in this thesis. A free piston beta Stirling engine with a linear alternator configuration has been studied for the interdependency and performance effects of various important operational parameters. The analysis has been carried out in order to optimize the primary parameters, weight vis a vis envelope (length and diameter) and stroke of the engine, to make it suitable for space use. The major cycle parameters considered are operating pressure, linear speed, dead space ratio and swept volume ratio, classified as secondary parameters. The whole analysis has been carried out at a cycle temperature ratio of 0.4 for a heat source temperature of 873 K, typical of a radioisotope heat source. The optimization is carried out for the defined design requirements viz. envelope of 50 × 50 cm , stroke of less than 10 cm, and heat source temperature of 873 K. The process of parametric optimization of the primary parameters viz engine envelope and stroke are carried out with respect to the secondary parameters. Iterations are carried out on the design programs in MatLab. The results indicate that the three primary parameters have a different set each, of the secondary parameter values when optimized to the design requirement. The fmincon solver of MatLab in the optimization tool box is selected in order to validate the optimization results. The solver is used to find a minimum of a constrained nonlinear multivariable function defining the primary parameters. The results obtained concur with the optimization results generated by the design algorithm. Further, the interdependency amongst the primary and secondary parameters is studied by generating MatLab plots for all possible combinations among the various parameters. The effect of variations in the pressure and linear speed on the system envelope and stroke are more pronounced at lower range values of the pressure and speed and the variations of the primary parameter values are constant at higher ranges. The effect of dead space ratio and swept volume ratio (>1.0) is not pronounced. The requirements in the environment of space place a number of constraints upon a Stirling engine/alternator design that are not present in terrestrial applications. High specific power is achieved by designing the engine for higher pressure and frequency operation than a terrestrial Stirling engine, and by using light weight materials where appropriate. Cylinder is the heart of the engine and it forms a major proportion of the total system mass. Mass and heat loss estimates and analysis have been carried out on the cylinder for various materials of construction. Based on the analysis feasibility exists for a Cu-Ni combination. The system would have a mass of 7kg with a specific power estimate of 0.28kW/kg and a conduction heat loss to mass ratio of 159W/kg. The system obtained by numerical analysis is modeled in system simulation software SIMULATIONX. The simulation of the system is studied and a sensitivity analysis performed in order to assess the parametric interdependency of the whole free piston Stirling engine system. The system sensitivity to piston and displacer mass is studied using the simulation model. Sensitivity results indicate that there is a range of mass values within which the system is operational, mass values outside the range makes the system non-functional. Also the range is a function of various parameters and detailed analysis is required in this direction in order to further optimize all the functional parameters. Engineering approximation is carried out using the curve fitting toolbox in MatLab to generate design equations in order to provide preliminary design data for the designer, further a scaling study is carried out at various power levels in order to assess the sensitivity of system geometry at various power levels.

Das Ziel der vorliegenden Dissertationsschrift bestand darin, für die äquatornahen Regionen mit hoher solarer Einstrahlung einen solaren Niedertemperatur-Stirlingmotor zu entwickeln, berechnen, konstruieren und fertigen, experimentelle Untersuchungen durchzuführen sowie die Ergebnisse auszuwerten. Des Weiteren war im Rahmen dieser Arbeiten die Gültigkeit der Schmidt-Theorie für den Niedertemperatur-Stirlingmotor zu überprüfen. Im Rahmen der durchgeführten Untersuchungen wurden drei Varianten des solaren Niedertemperatur-Stirlingmotors(Stirlingmotor III, IV und IV-A)konstruiert und gefertigt sowie mit Hilfe eines Sonnensimulators (800 W / m2) getestet. Zur Ermittlung der Heißgastemperatur wurde ein mathematisches Modell erstellt, dessen Gültigkeit für den solaren Niedertemperatur-Stirlingmotor durch umfangreiche Experimente bestätigt werden konnte. Die Voraussetzungen der Schmidt-Theorie sind relativ ideal und bei dem solaren Niedertemperatur-Stirlingmotor nicht erfüllt. Trotzdem ist die Schmidt-Theorie auch auf den Stirlingmotor anwendbar. Eine vereinfachte Beziehung zur Berechnung der Leistung (Gl. 3.80) wurde abgeleitet und experimentell überprüft. Die Leistungsoptimierung erfolgte unter Berücksichtigung des Einflusses von Phasenwinkel, Verdichtungsverhältnis und Drehzahl. Der optimale Bereich des Phasenwinkels liegt zwischen 60° und 100°, empfohlen wird ein Winkel von 90°. Der optimale Drehzahlbereich liegt zwischen 18 und 25 U / min. Solare Niedertemperatur-Stirlingmotoren zeichnen sich dadurch aus, dass sie immer die maximal mögliche mechanische Leistung abgeben, indem die Drehzahl sinkt und die Heißgastemperatur steigt. Die Reduzierung des Totvolumens ist für die Leistung des Niedertemperatur-Stirlingmotors von großer Bedeutung. So konnte durch das Einbringen eines Verdrängers in den Arbeitskolben die mechanische Leistung um etwa 10 % gesteigert werden. Weiterhin konnte experimentell nachgewiesen werden, dass sowohl das Anbringen der Abdeckungsfolie als auch der Einsatz eines Regenerators wichtige Voraussetzungen für den stabilen Betrieb des solaren Niedertemperatur-Stirlingmotors sind. Beim Stirlingmotor IV-A wurde neben der kontinuierlichen auch die diskontinuierliche Bewegung des Verdrängers realisiert. Die durchgeführten Versuche haben ergeben, dass bei letzterer Bewegungsart das übertragbare mechanische Moment größer ist. Voraussetzung für die diskontinuierliche Bewegung ist ein massenloser Verdränger. Dieser wurde durch das Anbringen von Ausgleichsgewichten verwirklicht. Die entsprechenden experimentellen Arbeiten führten zu dem Ergebnis, dass im Durchschnitt eine um ca. 10 % höhere mechanische Leistung erzielt werden kann. Im Ergebnis der durchgeführten theoretischen und experimentellen Untersuchungen an den drei Varianten des solaren Niedertemperatur-Stirlingmotors kann festgestellt werden, dass mit der Maschine IV-A die günstigsten Parameter erreicht wurden. Vorteilhaft bei dieser Version sind insbesondere einfachere Fertigung, gute Abdichtung, kleinere Strömungsverluste sowie eine um etwa 2 K niedrigere Kaltgastemperatur. Der Stirlingmotor IV-A sollte Prototyp für Feldtest werden.

Small and medium-scale companies are trying to minimise their carbon footprint and improve their cash flow, renewable installations are increasing all over the Europe and are expected to do so in following years. However, their dependency on the weather cause pressure on matching the production with demand. An option how to challenge this problem is by using energy storage. The aim of this project is to determine techno-economic benefits of Stirling engine and high temperature thermal energy storage for installation in energy user system and identify key factors that affect the operation of such system. In order to determine these factors simulations in Matlab were conducted. The Matlab linear programming tool Optisolve using dual-simplex algorithm was used. The sensitivity analysis was conducted to test the energy system behaviour. Economic evaluation was done calculating discounted savings. From the results, it can be seen the significant benefit of SE-HT-TES installation is the increased self-consumption of the electricity from PV installation. While the self-consumption in cases when there was no energy storage implemented was around 67 % and in one case as low as 50 % with the SE-HT-TES the value has increased up to 100 %. Energy cost savings are 4.7 % of the cost for the original data set and go up to 6.2 % when simulation with load shift was executed. Simulations have also shown that energy customer with predictable energy demand pattern can achieve higher savings with the very same system. It was also confirmed that for users whose private renewable production does not match load potential savings are 30 % higher compared to the system where energy load peak is matching the PV production peak. Simulations also shown that the customers located in areas with higher electricity price volatility can benefit from such system greatly.

No description available.

La micro cogénération désigne la génération simultanée de deux types d’énergie à faible puissance. En énergétique, ce terme désigne en pratique la production simultanée d’électricité et de chaleur : le principe reposant sur la récupération de la chaleur fatale induite par la production électrique. Deux bancs d’essais ont d’abord été réalisés sur deux prototypes de micro cogénérateurs : un moteur Stirling à gaz et un moteur à vapeur à granulés de bois. Une campagne expérimentale a été menée pour caractériser chaque système au niveau énergétique et environnemental. Les résultats expérimentaux ont abouti sur deux modèles numériques dynamiques et semi-physiques de micro cogénérateurs programmés dans l’environnement numérique TRNSYS où une plateforme numérique de simulation a été développée. Celle-ci intègre principalement des modèles de systèmes de stockage d’énergie, des générateurs stochastiques de fichiers de besoins énergétiques et des stratégies innovantes de pilotage des systèmes et des charges selon des critères de précision et de réalisme.Cette plateforme a permis d’évaluer la pertinence énergétique, environnementale et économique de micro cogénérateurs couplés aux bâtiments d’habitation et au réseau électrique selon différentes configurations. / Micro combined heat and power (µCHP) or cogeneration means the simultaneous generation of two energy types. In energetic fields, this term refers usually to the simultaneous production of electricity and heat: the principle being based on the recovering of the fatal heat induced by the electricity production processes.Firstly, two test benches were carried out on two µCHP prototypes: a gas Stirling engine and a wood pellets steam engine. Experimental investigations were conducted to characterize each system at energy and environmental levels. The experimental results led two dynamic and semi physical numerical models of µCHP systems programmed in the numerical tool TRNSYS where a numerical platform has been developed. This platform integrates mainly energy storage systems models, stochastic energy needs file generators and innovative management strategy of systems and energy loads according to precision and realism criteria.This platform allows assessing realistic energy, environmental and economic relevance of µCHP systems coupled with dwelling buildings and the power grid according to different configurations.

Plusieurs machines actuellement utilisées, moteurs à combustion interne en automobile ou centrales thermiques dans l’énergie, rejettent de grandes quantités de chaleur. Généralement cette chaleur est dissipée dans l’atmosphère et son énergie perdue. Nous nous sommes donc intéressés aux moteurs à apport de chaleur externe dont l’énergie primaire est de l’énergie thermique, et plus particulièrement aux moteurs Stirling. L’une de ses principales caractéristiques est d’utiliser de la chaleur produite extérieurement comme source d’énergie. Ceci lui permet d’être multi-carburant et même d’utiliser de l’énergie thermique naturelle.L’étude menée comporte deux parties. Tout d’abord un modèle numérique zéro dimension, trois zones en temps fini a été développé. Il prend en compte les échanges thermiques aux parois et les pertes de charge, mais ne préjuge ni des dimensions moteur, ni des conditions de fonctionnement. Ceci lui permet de rester flexible pour s’adapter à l’architecture spécifique du moteur à simuler. Ensuite nous avons réalisé des mesures expérimentales sur deux moteurs de taille et puissance différentes (quelques watts et 1 kW). Ces résultats ont permis de valider le modèle. Au final nous avons obtenu un modèle numérique traduisant l’influence de paramètres dimensionnels et fonctionnels sur la puissance du moteur Stirling.Un outil d’aide à la conception de moteur Stirling a été développé en ajoutant au modèle un algorithme d’optimisation. Il permet une ébauche des caractéristiques d’un moteur Stirling. En fonction de l’application souhaitée et des contraintes s’y appliquant, il agit sur les caractéristiques choisies par l’utilisateur pour maximiser les performances. / Several machines currently used, internal combustion engines for the car industry or thermal power plants in energy, exhaust a considerable amount of heat. Generally this heat is dispersed in the atmosphere and its energy lost. So we took a special interest in external heat engines which primary energy is heat energy, and more particularly in Stirling engines. One of its main characteristics is the used of energy from heat produced externally like energy source. This allows Stirling engines to be multi-fuel and even to use natural heat energy.The study carried out is made up of two parts. First, a three zones zero dimensional finite-time thermodynamic model has been developed. It takes into account the heat transfer from the walls and the pressure drop, but does not prejudge the dimensions of the engine nor the conditions of its functioning. It is thus able to remain flexible and to adjust to the specific architecture of the engine that should be simulated. Afterwards, we have realized a series of experimental measures thanks to two engines different in size and power (a few Watt and 1 kW). These results allowed us to validate the model. In the end, we got a numerical model representing the influence of dimensional and functional parameters on the power of a Stirling engine.Eventually, a tool to assist in designing Stirling engines was developed adding an optimization algorithm to the model. It allows to sketch out a preliminary draft of the characteristics of a Stirling engine. Depending on the desired application and on the constraints exerted on the engine, the tool created will act on the characteristics of the engine chosen by the user to maximize its performances.

In dieser Arbeit wird eine Methode zur Leistungsoptimierung der Kolbenpfade von Stirling-Motoren entwickelt, die auf der Theorie der optimalen Steuerung beruht. Für die effiziente praktische Umsetzbarkeit ist dabei ein geringer numerischer Aufwand des eingesetzten thermodynamischen Modells entscheidend. In detaillierten Modellen von Stirling-Motoren resultiert ein Großteil des numerischen Aufwandes aus der Beschreibung des Regenerators, einem gasdurchströmten Kurzzeit-Wärmespeicher. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit wird der Fokus deshalb auf die Entwicklung eines effizienten Regeneratormodells gelegt. Hierbei wird ein neuartiger Ansatz gewählt, der sich aus der Perspektive der Endoreversiblen Thermodynamik ergibt: Der Regenerator wird als endoreversibles Teilsystem betrachtet, welches an zwei Kontaktpunkten durch irreversible Interaktionen mit den benachbarten Teilsystemen Gasteilchen, Entropie und Energie austauscht. Innere Irreversibilitäten des Regenerators werden als Entropiequellterme in die Modellierung einbezogen. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit wird dann ein iterativer Optimierungsalgorithmus erarbeitet, der die Leistung von Stirling-Motoren unter periodischen Randbedingungen für eine vorgegebene Periodendauer maximieren kann. Der Algorithmus startet mit vorgegeben initialen Kolbenpfaden, die im Laufe der Iterationen graduell verschoben und so den optimalen Pfaden angenähert werden. Um diese graduelle Verschiebung zu bestimmen, muss in jedem Iterationsschritt neben dem Differentialgleichungssystem, das die Thermodynamik des Stirling-Motors beschreibt, ein konjugiertes Differentialgleichungssystem gelöst werden. Der erarbeitete Algorithmus nutzt dabei die Existenz eines Grenzzyklus des konjugierten Differentialgleichungssystems unter Zeitumkehr zu dessen Lösung für periodische Randbedingungen aus. Unter Verwendung des endoreversiblen Regeneratormodells wird mit diesem iterativen Optimierungsalgorithmus die Theorie der optimalen Steuerung erstmals für die Kolbenpfadoptimierung eines beispielhaften Stirling-Motors in α-Konfiguration eingesetzt. / In this thesis a method for power optimization of the piston paths of Stirling engines is developed, which is based on Optimal Control Theory. For the efficient practical feasibility of this task, low numerical effort of the utilized thermodynamic model is crucial. In detailed models of Stirling engines, a large part of the numerical effort results from the description of the regenerator, which is a short-time heat storage. Therefore, in the first part of this thesis the focus is on the development of an efficient regenerator model. Here, a novel ansatz is chosen which arises from the perspective of Endoreversible Thermodynamics: The regenerator is described as an endoreversible subsystem that has two contact points, at which it exchanges particles, entropy, and energy with the adjacent subsystems through irreversible interactions. Internal irreversibilities of the regenerator are included in the model as entropy source terms. In the second part of the thesis an iterative optimization algorithm is worked out, which can maximize the power output of Stirling engines under periodic boundary conditions for given cycle time. The algorithm starts with predefined initial piston paths, which are gradually shifted over the course of the iterations and thus approach the optimal paths. To determine this gradual shift, in every iteration not only the system of differential equations describing the thermodynamics of the Stirling engine needs to be solved, but also a conjugate system of differential equations. The algorithm here exploits the existence of a limit cycle of the conjugate system under time reversal to solve it for periodic boundary conditions. By means of the endoreversible regenerator model, with this iterative optimization algorithm Optimal Control Theory is applied for the first time to optimize the piston paths of an exemplary Stirling engine in α-configuration.

This diploma thesis is focused on the design of the driving mechanism of Stirling engine, where was chosen modification of these engines with rhombic drive. Subsequently is constructed kinematical, dynamical and thermomechanical mathematical model. Finally, is going from these models for execution strength control and drawing documentation.