So, King Pui. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 49-52). / Abstracts in English and Chinese; appendix II, III also in Chinese. / Cover Page --- p.1 / Abstract --- p.2 / Chinese Version --- p.3 / Acknowledgements --- p.4 / Contents --- p.5 / Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.7 / Chapter 2. --- Definition and basic idea of Cumulative Voting --- p.9 / Chapter 3. --- Literature Review --- p.11 / Chapter 4. --- History and Development --- p.12 / Chapter 4.1. --- Around the world --- p.12 / Chapter 4.2. --- Cumulative voting in listed companies in China --- p.13 / Chapter 5. --- Hypothesis --- p.15 / Chapter 5.1. --- Nature of cumulative voting --- p.15 / Chapter 5.2 --- Relationship of corporate governance mechanism and tunneling in signaling the effect of cumulative voting --- p.18 / Chapter 5.2.1. --- Ownership characteristics --- p.18 / Chapter 5.2.2. --- Activeness of minority shareholders --- p.20 / Chapter 5.2.3. --- Legal framework --- p.21 / Chapter 5.2.4. --- Ownership nature --- p.22 / Chapter 5.2.5. --- Board of directors and supervisors --- p.22 / Chapter 5.2.6. --- Compensations of top executives --- p.23 / Chapter 6. --- Methodology --- p.24 / Chapter 6.1. --- Cumulative voting in the election of the board of director --- p.24 / Chapter 6.2. --- Ownership concentration and characteristics --- p.24 / Chapter 6.3. --- Legal framework --- p.25 / Chapter 6.4. --- Firm Operation Policy --- p.25 / Chapter 6.5. --- Ownership Nature --- p.25 / Chapter 6.6. --- Board of directors and supervisors --- p.26 / Chapter 6.7. --- Top Executives' compensations --- p.27 / Chapter 6.8. --- Operating performance --- p.27 / Chapter 6.9. --- Industry sectors --- p.28 / Chapter 6.10. --- Market firm value --- p.28 / Chapter 6.11. --- Event study approach --- p.29 / Chapter 6.12. --- Matched Propensity Scores Approach --- p.32 / Chapter 6.13. --- Top Executives' Pay-Performance Sensitivities --- p.34 / Chapter 6.14. --- Difference in differences approach --- p.35 / Chapter 7. --- Data --- p.39 / Chapter 7.1. --- Sources of Data --- p.39 / Chapter 7.2. --- Cumulative voting announcements and firm characteristics --- p.39 / Chapter 8. --- Empirical Results --- p.40 / Chapter 8.1. --- Short-term market response --- p.40 / Chapter 8.1.1. --- Event study --- p.40 / Chapter 8.1.2. --- Univariate test --- p.41 / Chapter 8.1.3. --- Multivate OLS regressions --- p.42 / Chapter 8.2. --- Long-term impact --- p.43 / Chapter 8.2.1. --- Matched Propensity Scores --- p.43 / Chapter 8.2.2. --- Top Executives' Pay-Performance Sensitivities --- p.44 / Chapter 8.2.3. --- Univariate test --- p.45 / Chapter 8.2.4. --- Difference in Differences regressions --- p.46 / Chapter 9. --- Conclusions --- p.47 / References --- p.49 / Table 1: Descriptive statistics for firms announcing the implementation of cumulative voting in the election of board of directors --- p.53 / Table 2: Descriptive statistics for firm characteristics --- p.54 / Table 3: Descriptive statistics for annual shareholders' meetings from 2002-2008 --- p.56 / Table 4: Cumulative abnormal returns for an event study of the information content of implementation of cumulative voting in election of board of directors announcements --- p.56 / Table 5: Abnormal returns for an event study of the information content of implementation of cumulative voting in election of board of directors announcements --- p.57 / Table 6: Descriptive statistics for firm characteristics --- p.57 / "Table 7: Mean comparison between above median/ ´ب´ب 1"" group and below median/ ""0"" group using t-test" --- p.59 / Table 8: OLS regression --- p.60 / Table 9: First stage Logistic Model --- p.62 / Table 10: Top Executives Pay-Performance sensitivities for salary and inside stock ownership --- p.64 / Table 11: Mean comparison between cumulative voting and straight voting group using t-test --- p.65 / Table 12: Difference in differences regressions (Corporate governance) --- p.66 / Table 13: Difference in differences regressions (Operating performance) --- p.67 / Table 14: Difference in differences regressions (Market firm value) --- p.68 / Appendix I --- p.68 / Appendix II --- p.71 / Appendix III --- p.72

本論文研究了累積投票對中國上市公司業績的影響。我們主要研究三個問題。第一個問題是研究哪类所有权机构的公司更易于采取累积投票，第二是通過累積投票產生董事會成員和通過直接投票產生的董事會成員可能存在的差異。第三個問題是研究累積投票選出成員對公司治理和公司業績產生的影響。通過控制公司的特點，我們發現，控股股东占很大比例的公司（即便是在30%规定采取累积投票线下）更易于采用累积投票，其二，累積投票選舉產生的董事會和監事會更可能是專業人士，而且平均而言，累積投票選出的董事和監事會成員，比那些由直接投票選舉產生的董事會和監事會成員，擁有更多的公司股票. 此外，有證據表明他們更有可能代表股東利益而非管理層或大股東利益，這些證據不僅表明他們更有能力履行其職責，並且表明他們的個人利益與公司利益之間更為一致。本文延伸了現存的研究，並且證明了累積投票選舉產生的董事會對公司績效有積極的影響。但是，證據表明累計投票監事的比例增加並不會顯著改善公司績效。這些證據表明，累積投票在某種程度上改進了中國上市公司的公司治理狀況。 / This paper investigates the impact of cumulative voting on the performance of listed corporations in China. We focus on three main issues: investigating effects of corporations’ ownership structure on cumulative voting adoption, exploring differences (if any) in personal attributes between the board members elected by cumulative voting and those elected by straight voting, and identifying the influence of cumulative voting members on corporate governance and firm performance. Controlling firm characteristics, we find that corporations with controlling shareholder who owns a larger proportion (even under the 30% regulatory cumulative voting cut-off) of the shares are more likely to adopt accumulative voting but the ownership concentration of other block shareholders tend to be uncorrelated or even negatively correlated with cumulative voting. In addition, both directors and supervisors elected by cumulative voting are (a) more likely to have professional titles, (b) own more stocks on average than those elected by straight voting, and (c) are more likely to be shareholder- rather than management-affiliated or controlling shareholder (typically the largest shareholder-affiliated). Such evidence indicates that they are more capable of fulfilling their duties and suggests that their personal interests may be more compatible with those of the listed corporations. In addition, we extend the existing literature by showing a positive correlation between the percentage of cumulative voting-elected directors sitting in the board of directors and firm performance. However, we did not find a significant relationship between the increase of proportion of CV supervisors and firm performance. In summary, these results demonstrate that cumulative voting, to some extent, improves corporate governance in China’s listed corporations. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Qian, Jinghui. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 65-69). / Abstracts also in Chinese. / ABSTRACT(ENGLISH) --- p.i / ABSTRACT(CHINESE) --- p.ii / ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.iii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv / LIST OF TABLES --- p.v / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- The notion of cumulative voting --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- The situations in China --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- Issues to be investigated in the paper --- p.5 / Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1 --- Theoretical effects of cumulative voting --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2 --- Empirical findings --- p.10 / Chapter 2.3 --- Cumulative voting in China --- p.14 / Chapter 3 --- Theory and Hypothesis --- p.16 / Chapter 4 --- Data and Methodology --- p.23 / Chapter 4.1 --- Data --- p.23 / Chapter 4.2 --- Methodology --- p.25 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Propensity score matching --- p.26 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Barber and Lyon matching --- p.32 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Comparison between directory and supervisory members --- p.34 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- OLS and difference-in-differences regressions --- p.35 / Chapter 5 --- Empirical Results --- p.38 / Chapter 5.1 --- Sample characteristics of cumulative voting elections (CVEs) --- p.38 / Chapter 5.2 --- Comparison between cumulative voting and non-cumulative voting --- p.40 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- PSM statistical description and regression results --- p.40 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Barber and Lyon matching --- p.49 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Differences between CV members and NCV members --- p.50 / Chapter 5.3 --- Effects of Proportion of CV directors and CV supervisors on firm performance --- p.54 / Chapter 5.4 --- Robutness analysis --- p.59 / Chapter 6 --- Conclusions and Discussions --- p.61 / Chapter 6.1 --- Summary of findings --- p.61 / Chapter 6.2 --- Theoretical contributions and limitations --- p.63 / REFERENCES --- p.65 / Chapter Appendix I --- Variables and Descriptions --- p.70 / Chapter Appendix II --- Supplementary PSM Regression --- p.73 / Chapter Appendix III --- Supplementary Comparison CV members vs. NCV members --- p.75 / Chapter Appendix IV --- Robustness of the Regression --- p.79 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.82