Comments and Discussions : Hitoshi HIRAKAWA

Submitted by Fernanda Rodrigues de Lima (fernanda.rlima@ufpe.br) on 2018-08-02T20:28:20Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) TESE Wanilza Marques de Almeida Cerqueira.pdf: 1447437 bytes, checksum: f7d3931db192530d559e27571f5e66d8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Alice Araujo (alice.caraujo@ufpe.br) on 2018-08-03T22:33:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) TESE Wanilza Marques de Almeida Cerqueira.pdf: 1447437 bytes, checksum: f7d3931db192530d559e27571f5e66d8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T22:33:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) TESE Wanilza Marques de Almeida Cerqueira.pdf: 1447437 bytes, checksum: f7d3931db192530d559e27571f5e66d8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-10 / A tese tem como objetivo estudar os efeitos dos mega-acordos comerciais, especificamente do Tratado Transpacífico (TPP) em relação às patentes farmacêuticas e, consequentemente, no acesso a medicamentos. O estudo foi realizado através de pesquisa bibliográfica e legislativa e culmina com a comparação entre TPP e TRIPS. O estudo será focado no período pós-TRIPS, no qual a governança do comércio internacional passa por grandes transformações e a regulamentação da propriedade intelectual fora do âmbito da OMC cresce, cada vez mais, com a formulação de regras consideradas TRIPS-plus e TRIPS-extra. Esta realidade do período pós-TRIPS pode afetar a função social da propriedade intelectual e torná-la um óbice para o desenvolvimento econômico. A implementação da agenda 2030 para o desenvolvimento sustentável exige solidariedade global através da cooperação internacional, envolve o debate multilateral do comércio internacional centrado na OMC e a facilitação da transferência de tecnologia. O debate multilateral e mais democrático sobre temas atinentes ao comércio internacional, propiciado pela OMC, está ameaçado. / The thesis aims to study the effects of trade mega-agreements, specifically the Transpacific Treaty (TPP) on pharmaceutical patents and, consequently, on access to medicines. The study was carried out through bibliographical and legislative research and culminates in the comparison between TPP and TRIPS. The study will focus on the post-TRIPS period in which international trade governance undergoes major transformations and the regulation of intellectual property outside the WTO is increasingly being developed by the formulation of TRIPS-plus and TRIPS- extra. This reality of the post-TRIPS period can affect the social function of intellectual property and make it an obstacle to economic development. Implementing the 2030 agenda for sustainable development requires global solidarity through international cooperation, involves the multilateral debate on international trade centered on the WTO and facilitating technology transfer. The multilateral and more democratic debate on issues related to international trade, provided by the WTO, is threatened.

Dans l’attente d’une éventuelle mise en application des accords de Partenariat Trans Pacifique (PTP) dont le principe fut signé en automne 2015, nous avons, à l’aide d’un modèle d’équilibre partiel, analysé ses impacts économiques sur le secteur laitier canadien sous gestion de l’offre. La question a été abordée sous l’angle d’une libéralisation tarifaire avec augmentation d’accès minimum par ligne tarifaire. À l’aide des scénarios de court terme (aucun ajustement) et de long terme (réduction du quota de mise en marché national), nous avons analysé les implications du PTP sur le bien-être des différents acteurs du secteur, sur les prix intérieurs de l’intrant et des produits ainsi que sur les quantités offertes et consommées. Les résultats montrent une diminution du prix intérieur et de la quantité offerte de l’intrant ainsi qu’une augmentation nette du bien-être général à court terme et à long terme respectivement de 0,3% et de 0,7%. -- Mots-clés : le secteur laitier, libéralisation tarifaire, accès minimum, gestion de l’offre, Partenariat Trans Pacifique (PTP). / Pending the possible implementation of the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP), the protocol of which was signed at the autumn 2015, we have analyzed its economic impacts using a partial equilibrium model on the supply-managed Canadian dairy sector. The issue was addressed in terms of tariff liberalization with a minimum access increase per tariff line. Using the short-term scenarios (no adjustments) and long-term scenarios (reduction of the national marketing quota), we analyzed the implications of the TPP for the welfare of the various actors in the sector, inputs and outputs and the quantities offered and consumed. The results show a decrease in the domestic price and the quantity offered of the input as well as a net increase in general short-term and long-term welfare of 0.3% and 0.7%, respectively. -- Keywords: dairy sector, tariff liberalization, minimum access, supply management, Trans Pacific Partnership (TPP).