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This study describes the factors which cause resistance to subsidiary evolution in twenty-eight geographically dispersed subsidiaries, as a global strategy is implemented by a mature multinational corporation (MNC). The subsidiaries are diverse in terms of the roles they perform within the MNC. Strategic change of this nature requires that subsidiaries roles evolve, in most cases to Implementer of head office decisions. Based on the interplay between subsidiary evolution factors namely; head-office assignment, subsidiary choice and local environments, this study evaluates which factors cause the most resistance to different subsidiary roles as a new MNC structure is implemented. Global Innovators experience the most resistance from headquarter factors, local innovators face the most resistance from subsidiary factors and Implementers experience low levels of resistance from the strategic change. / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted

The purpose of this study was to understand key challenges in turning strategy to performance, and with that as a fundament suggest a model for the strategy implementation process. The work is based on a theoretical framework that brings together and merges different areas of science to create new synergies and leveraged results. In this case, the area of Strategic Implementation receives added value from mainly Innovation- and Knowledge Management, as aspects of the intersection between Industrial Dynamic and Organizational Behavior. Moreover, due to the strategic focus, additional theory regarding Technology Marketing is also included. Departing from the theoretical framework, an empirical study was conducted by qualitative interviews of two managerial levels at an international conglomerate. The outcome of both theoretical and empirical findings is discussed and analyzed, and results in two main recommendations, addressing the question of how the challenges could be solved with innovation and knowledge management as a fundament for implementation. One of the main recommendations is cyclic implementation routines, advancing in a loop consistent of; Strategic selection; Enabling of effective knowledge acquisition; Implementation; and Learning. The other main recommendation is an Innovative and learning organization, involving Shared vision, leadership and the will to innovate; Appropriate structure; Effective Team Working; Continuing and stretching individual development; Extensive communication; High involvement in innovation; External focus; and a Creative climate. Coherent with these recommendations, a model is presented where the cultural components could be regarded as the fundament of the organization, which is complemented with the learning cycle and regard to the organization’s holistic level of maturity. This model strives to inspire to “manage the flow of organizational culture to make the wheels of implementation routines spin”.

The focus of this master’s thesis is to understand the challenges that middle managers face in highly turbulent internal and external environments of an organization. Middle Managers have to often perform several roles in an organization such as Entrepreneur, Translator, Team Leader, and Motivator. This research provides tools and techniques for the Middle Managers to implement strategy and to help them become an integral part of strategic renewal process, while performing these roles. The research identifies techniques that could help address the challenge of maintaining a balance between concurrent existence of stability and creative chaos within their organizations. The output of the research is a guideline that Middle Managers can use to facilitate successful execution of strategy at middle levels and in-turn build middle management excellence. / text

The objectives of this study are to investigate the formulation and implementation of strategies within Retail Bank at corporate, business unit, functional and operational levels, focusing specifically on who is accountable and responsible for strategy formulation and implementation at each of these levels, as well as the factors related to the success or failure of strategy implementation and how success is measured. In addition, this study attempts to determine whether or not the financial industry as a whole plays a significant role in the success of strategy implementation within Retail Bank.

The objectives of this study are to investigate the formulation and implementation of strategies within Retail Bank at corporate, business unit, functional and operational levels, focusing specifically on who is accountable and responsible for strategy formulation and implementation at each of these levels, as well as the factors related to the success or failure of strategy implementation and how success is measured. In addition, this study attempts to determine whether or not the financial industry as a whole plays a significant role in the success of strategy implementation within Retail Bank.

Thesis (MBA. (Business Management)) --University of Limpopo, 2018 / Strategy implementation has always been a challenge in government departments. However, this study argues that strategy implementation should not be perceived as an obstacle in an organisation, but as a vehicle for realising organisational goals. Strategy implementation in the public sector has experienced a limited research, whereas, organisational cultures, organisational structures, resource allocation and processes of linking the strategy formulation and implementation all remain a key challenge. Therefore, a strategy implementation process in the Limpopo Department of Health (LDoH) was investigated. The purpose of the study was to probe the perceptions of senior managers concerning the implementation of the strategy in the Limpopo Department of Health. A qualitative research approach was used to collect data. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaires. The overall target population was 120 employees of the Limpopo Department of Health. The sample consisted of 30 respondents (N=30). The IBM SPSS statistics (Version 24) were used to interpret and analyse the data that was collected. Further, this study espoused non-probability purposive sampling and consequently research findings cannot be generalised to the government departments. The findings showed that respondents are aware of the factors influencing strategy implementation in the LDoH. The preliminary findings revealed that incompetence, devoting less time to the core business, and continual engagement in politics by senior managers have often lead to ineffective strategy implementation. This study therefore recommends that the appointment of competent senior management who are capable of staying away from party politics during working hours should be considered, so as to improve strategy implementation processes in the Limpopo Department of Health. The study recommended the enforcement of team-work and appropriate reward systems to ensure that the members engage enthusiastically. This study also recommended the regular communication between senior management and employees of the Limpopo Department of Health. This implies the employment of effective communication strategies and channels to accelerate the strategy implementation process, in order to achieve the long-term goals of the organisation and remain sustainable in the provision of service delivery to the citizens of Limpopo v | P a g e Province. The senior management’s ability to identify the internal capabilities (organisational structure, supportive culture, reward systems, alignment and appropriate leadership style) should be fundamental in overcoming the challenges arising from inside and outside the organisation. Finally, senior management should apply relevant tools and techniques to measure organisational performance within the Department. This involves gaining knowledge in terms of assessing and evaluating performance using the four perspectives of balanced scorecard which include financial, customer, internal business processes and learning and growth.

This thesis explores the process by which Chinese universities carry out strategy formation. It aims to provide an insight into the lives of the managers of Chinese universities in the period 2002-2003 which was a time of transition from the regime of President Jiang Zemin to that of President Hu Jintao. Chinese refer to this period as the transition from the third to the fourth generation of leaders. Strategy was defined as a course of action aimed at achieving an organization's purpose and strategy formation was defined as including strategy development and implementation. Answers were sought to the following questions based on data from a small number of universities using stakeholder theory to inform the data collection process: · What is the process by which strategy development and implementation takes place in Chinese universities? · How is the process applied in different universities? · How can an understanding of strategy formation in Chinese universities assist in the development of joint ventures in China by foreign educational institutions? The method of data collection involved interviewing three levels of management in six different universities drawn from three major cities in China. In order to guarantee confidentiality, the identities of the instutions and the individuals involved has been concealed. Background information collected included the history of Chinese universities to 2002 and important features of Chinese culture, society and politics. Stakeholder theory was found to provide a useful framework for analysing the process of strategy formation. It was found that assumptions based on the operations of Australian universities did not apply in China, particularly in the areas of work relationships, reporting and performance management and in the conduct of research. Findings included: · Three approaches to strategy emerged, including the President making unilateral decisions, a consultative approach including stakeholders, and an approach involving consultation with staff. · The process varies between universities depending on factors such as the guanxi relationships of the President. · The learnings from this project can be applied to other joint ventures in education in China.

Esta dissertação tem por objetivo principal identificar a importância do gerenciamento de projetos para o processo de implementação de estratégias. De forma mais específica, a dissertação investiga o grau de associação entre as diversas técnicas e práticas de gerenciamento de projetos, bem como de gestão estratégica para o processo de implementação de estratégias. Este trabalho é decorrente de um estudo bibliográfico inicial, por meio do qual se buscou a ampliação do conhecimento sobre o tema, seguida de uma pesquisa de campo. A pesquisa teve o caráter quantitativo-descritivo, visou à descrição do conjunto de dados e a determinação das relações relevantes entre as variáveis de interesse. Para tanto, foram definidas as variáveis independentes, dependentes e intervenientes da pesquisa, como sendo, respectivamente, a satisfação e o percentual de estratégias implementadas; as técnicas de gerenciamento estratégico e de projetos; e os níveis de maturidade. Utilizou-se uma amostragem não probabilística, selecionando a amostra por conveniência e julgamento. A amostra da pesquisa foi composta por executivos da área de gerenciamento de projetos e planejamento estratégico das 1.000 maiores empresas do Brasil. Para a coleta de dados lançou-se mão de três questionários que também serviram de guia para a entrevista com os executivos. A maioria das entrevistas foi conduzida pessoalmente e algumas, pela distância, foram feitas pelo telefone. O tratamento dos dados foi feito com o uso de métodos estatísticos: análise descritiva, análise de correlação e regressão linear múltipla. A partir dos resultados da pesquisa pôde-se concluir que: 1) a maturidade não é a variável interveniente entre gerenciamento de projetos e sucesso na implementação de estratégias; 2) somente duas áreas do conhecimento tiveram alta correlação com implementação (escopo e aquisições); 3) foram apresentadas evidências positivas entre uma série de técnicas, conceitos e práticas de gestão estratégica e de projetos, com o sucesso na implementação de estratégias; 4) as empresas que possuíam satisfação com a implementação igual ou acima de 8 ou que conseguiram implementar mais do que 60% das estratégias possuíam níveis maiores de maturidade geral, principalmente, nas áreas de aquisições, custo e escopo. Cabe ressaltar que todas essas conclusões devem ficar restritas ao âmbito desta dissertação. Para pesquisas futuras recomenda-se: 1) a utilização de uma amostra maior e mais diversificada, o que permitiria obter uma estatística ainda mais rica e a comparação entre os diversos setores da economia ou focar apenas dentro de um setor; 2) a segmentação das empresas por porte; 3) a intensificação de estudos em outras áreas importantes, como recursos humanos e comunicação; e, 4) a coleta e análise de opiniões de funcionários táticos e operacionais, comparando os resultados. Por fim, o atual cenário brasileiro favorece a realização de estudos nesta temática, atendendo às necessidades de pesquisadores que se interessam pelo assunto. / This thesis aims to identify the main importance of project management for the process of strategy implementation. More specifically, the dissertation investigates the degree of association between the various techniques and practices of project management and strategic management to the process of implementing strategies. This work is due to an initial study literature, through which it sought the expansion of knowledge on the subject, followed by a field research. The research had the character quantitative-descriptive with the objective to describe the data set and determine relations between the relevant variables of interest. In such a way, some independent, dependent and intervenient variables of the research were defined, as, respectively, satisfaction and the percentage of strategies implemented the project management and strategic management techniques ment and strategic projects and the maturity levels. There was a non-probability sampling, selecting the sample with convenience and judgement. The survey sample was composed of executives from the area of project management and strategic planning of the 1,000 largest companies in Brazil. For data collection three questionnaires were used that also served as a guide for the executive interviews. Most of the interviews were conducted personally and some were made by telephone, because of the distance. Data analysis was done with the use of statistical methods like: descriptive analysis, correlation and multiple linear regression analysis. From the research its possible to conclude that: 1) the maturity is not the variable actor (intervenient) between project management and strategy implementation success, 2) only two knowledge areas had high correlation with implementation (scope and acquisitions); 3) the analysis showed that there are some positive evidence between the strategy implementation success and a variety of techniques, concepts and practice of strategic management and projects, 4) companies with strategy implementation satisfaction equal or above 8 or who managed to implement more than 60% of the strategies, had greater levels of maturity general, particularly in the procurement, cost and scope areas. It is important to emphasizing that all of these conclusions should be restricted to the scope of this dissertation. For future research it is recommended: 1) the use of a larger and more diverse sample may give a richer statistical comparison between industries or its possible to focus in only one sector, 2) its possible to compare the survey results by companys size, 3) intensify studies in other important areas such as human resources and communication, and 4) collect and analyse the tactic and operational opinions comparing the results with the executive perspective. Finally, the current Brazilian scenario favors studies in this area, attending the researchers needs who are interested in this issue.

Esta dissertação tem por objetivo principal identificar a importância do gerenciamento de projetos para o processo de implementação de estratégias. De forma mais específica, a dissertação investiga o grau de associação entre as diversas técnicas e práticas de gerenciamento de projetos, bem como de gestão estratégica para o processo de implementação de estratégias. Este trabalho é decorrente de um estudo bibliográfico inicial, por meio do qual se buscou a ampliação do conhecimento sobre o tema, seguida de uma pesquisa de campo. A pesquisa teve o caráter quantitativo-descritivo, visou à descrição do conjunto de dados e a determinação das relações relevantes entre as variáveis de interesse. Para tanto, foram definidas as variáveis independentes, dependentes e intervenientes da pesquisa, como sendo, respectivamente, a satisfação e o percentual de estratégias implementadas; as técnicas de gerenciamento estratégico e de projetos; e os níveis de maturidade. Utilizou-se uma amostragem não probabilística, selecionando a amostra por conveniência e julgamento. A amostra da pesquisa foi composta por executivos da área de gerenciamento de projetos e planejamento estratégico das 1.000 maiores empresas do Brasil. Para a coleta de dados lançou-se mão de três questionários que também serviram de guia para a entrevista com os executivos. A maioria das entrevistas foi conduzida pessoalmente e algumas, pela distância, foram feitas pelo telefone. O tratamento dos dados foi feito com o uso de métodos estatísticos: análise descritiva, análise de correlação e regressão linear múltipla. A partir dos resultados da pesquisa pôde-se concluir que: 1) a maturidade não é a variável interveniente entre gerenciamento de projetos e sucesso na implementação de estratégias; 2) somente duas áreas do conhecimento tiveram alta correlação com implementação (escopo e aquisições); 3) foram apresentadas evidências positivas entre uma série de técnicas, conceitos e práticas de gestão estratégica e de projetos, com o sucesso na implementação de estratégias; 4) as empresas que possuíam satisfação com a implementação igual ou acima de 8 ou que conseguiram implementar mais do que 60% das estratégias possuíam níveis maiores de maturidade geral, principalmente, nas áreas de aquisições, custo e escopo. Cabe ressaltar que todas essas conclusões devem ficar restritas ao âmbito desta dissertação. Para pesquisas futuras recomenda-se: 1) a utilização de uma amostra maior e mais diversificada, o que permitiria obter uma estatística ainda mais rica e a comparação entre os diversos setores da economia ou focar apenas dentro de um setor; 2) a segmentação das empresas por porte; 3) a intensificação de estudos em outras áreas importantes, como recursos humanos e comunicação; e, 4) a coleta e análise de opiniões de funcionários táticos e operacionais, comparando os resultados. Por fim, o atual cenário brasileiro favorece a realização de estudos nesta temática, atendendo às necessidades de pesquisadores que se interessam pelo assunto. / This thesis aims to identify the main importance of project management for the process of strategy implementation. More specifically, the dissertation investigates the degree of association between the various techniques and practices of project management and strategic management to the process of implementing strategies. This work is due to an initial study literature, through which it sought the expansion of knowledge on the subject, followed by a field research. The research had the character quantitative-descriptive with the objective to describe the data set and determine relations between the relevant variables of interest. In such a way, some independent, dependent and intervenient variables of the research were defined, as, respectively, satisfaction and the percentage of strategies implemented the project management and strategic management techniques ment and strategic projects and the maturity levels. There was a non-probability sampling, selecting the sample with convenience and judgement. The survey sample was composed of executives from the area of project management and strategic planning of the 1,000 largest companies in Brazil. For data collection three questionnaires were used that also served as a guide for the executive interviews. Most of the interviews were conducted personally and some were made by telephone, because of the distance. Data analysis was done with the use of statistical methods like: descriptive analysis, correlation and multiple linear regression analysis. From the research its possible to conclude that: 1) the maturity is not the variable actor (intervenient) between project management and strategy implementation success, 2) only two knowledge areas had high correlation with implementation (scope and acquisitions); 3) the analysis showed that there are some positive evidence between the strategy implementation success and a variety of techniques, concepts and practice of strategic management and projects, 4) companies with strategy implementation satisfaction equal or above 8 or who managed to implement more than 60% of the strategies, had greater levels of maturity general, particularly in the procurement, cost and scope areas. It is important to emphasizing that all of these conclusions should be restricted to the scope of this dissertation. For future research it is recommended: 1) the use of a larger and more diverse sample may give a richer statistical comparison between industries or its possible to focus in only one sector, 2) its possible to compare the survey results by companys size, 3) intensify studies in other important areas such as human resources and communication, and 4) collect and analyse the tactic and operational opinions comparing the results with the executive perspective. Finally, the current Brazilian scenario favors studies in this area, attending the researchers needs who are interested in this issue.