Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:29:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carmem Magda Ghetti Senra.pdf: 891107 bytes, checksum: 4f20444bf850216c5a7c6a0398eb15d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-03 / Universidade Estadual Paulista J?lio de Mesquita Filho / This study aimed to investigate the coping strategies (individual and / or collective) seeking minimize and / or overcome the damaging impacts the development of the actions of psychologists in a public institution in the field of Social Welfare, in view of the theory of subjectivity Gonzalez Rey and the Psychology of Liberation of Martin-Bar?. We use the Epistemology Qualitative proposed by Gonzalez Rey in the analysis of source documents and records of daily camp. The analysis indicated a predominance of information on coping strategies for individual and a great potential in the few existing collective strategies, indicating the ability to collapse when, in the performance of professionals, there are links between technical, political and collective. Also pointed to the importance of strengthening procedures for professionals, while subject of professional practice and other studies that focus the work of a psychologist in the field of Social Welfare, in a perspective of social transformation. / Este estudo teve como objetivo estudar as estrat?gias de enfrentamento (individuais e/ou coletivas) que buscam minimizar e/ou superar os impactos prejudiciais ao desenvolvimento das a??es dos psic?logos em uma institui??o p?blica no campo da Assist?ncia Social, na perspectiva da teoria da subjetividade de Gonzalez Rey e da Psicologia da Liberta??o de Martin-Bar?. Utilizamos a Epistemologia Qualitativa proposta por Gonzalez Rey na an?lise de fontes documentais e de registros de di?rios de campo. A an?lise das informa??es indicou uma predomin?ncia em estrat?gias de enfrentamento individuais e uma potencialidade nas poucas estrat?gias coletivas existentes, indicando a capacidade de ruptura quando, na atua??o dos profissionais, h? articula??o entre aspectos t?cnicos, coletivos e pol?ticos. Apontaram ainda para a import?ncia de processos de fortalecimento dos profissionais, enquanto sujeitos da pr?tica profissional e de outros estudos que enfoquem a atua??o do psic?logo no campo da Assist?ncia Social, em uma perspectiva de transforma??o social.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:16:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Liana Ferreira Freitas.pdf: 4690160 bytes, checksum: 85c56295d85d059562827632780c2022 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-27 / This thesis aims to understand both the daily experiences of children addressed by the Interactional and Strengthening of Bonds Program (ISBP) and its impact on their interaction with family and school. It also attempts to assess the dynamics experienced by the children taking part in the activities provided by the program as well as what the project means to them. It starts by addressing the socio-historical context in which the process of social work was solidified and became public policy. In addition, it interfaces childhood and youth policies and highlights the legal achievements that contributed to the establishment of ISBP. The children´s daily experiences in the ISBP program are enriched by the nine to eleven year old´s narratives along with accounts by their families, who participated in the activities provided by the Departamento Social Santa Julia Billiart, an organization that provides social service and the ISBP program at Ipiranga, São Paulo (SP). This is a qualitative research, which is taken together with the children´s stories. Through the eyes and voices of the children, these narratives allow an immersion into their experiences regarding ISBP. This information demonstrates the meaning and the implications of the program for their lives. Among the meanings assigned, it is possible to verify that these experiences introduce children to a process of socialization, to the construction and strengthening of bonds when interacting with others, to acquisition and exchange of knowledge. In addition, in the parents´ eyes, the program is a secure environment that affects both the children and their families as well as those close to them. The narratives also show that such experiences have a positive impact on the lives of the children. The socio-educational, sociocultural and recreational activities developed in this environment enhance personal and social achievements; it is an open space where families and the community can socialize as well as, strengthen the bonds of familiar and social belonging. The quality of life for those involved is directly influenced by each one of these factors and results in the guarantee of the benefits from the National Policy for Social Assistance 2004 / Esta dissertação tem por objetivo conhecer as vivências cotidianas de crianças no Serviço de Convivência e Fortalecimento de Vínculos (SCFV) e as repercussões em seu convívio familiar e no institucional. Busca apreender as dinâmicas vivenciadas pelas crianças nas atividades desenvolvidas nesse serviço, bem como os significados que elas lhes atribuem. Inicia com a contextualização sócio-histórica do processo de consolidação da Assistência Social enquanto política pública. Faz uma interface com a política da infância e da juventude e ressalta as conquistas legais que contribuíram para a configuração do SCFV. A temática sobre as vivências cotidianas de crianças no SCFV é enriquecida com as narrativas de crianças na faixa etária de 9 a 11 anos e seus familiares, participantes das atividades disponibilizadas pelo Departamento Social Júlia Billiart, entidade de Assistência Social que presta o SCFV na região do Ipiranga, em São Paulo (SP). Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, com aporte da história oral temática, por meio das narrativas infantis. Tais narrativas possibilitaram adentrar as vivências no SCFV a partir do olhar e da voz das crianças que, através do saber que provém de suas vivências, nos trazem os significados e as repercussões em sua vida. Entre os significados atribuídos, é possível verificar que tais vivências proporcionam às crianças um processo de socialização, construção e fortalecimentos dos vínculos por meio da convivência, de aprendizagem e de troca de saberes, além de representar para os pais um ambiente de segurança e proteção capaz de incidir tanto na vida da criança quando na vida de familiares e pessoas próximas. A partir das narrativas, também é possível evidenciar que tais vivências repercutem positivamente na vida das crianças, visto que as atividades socioeducativas, lúdicas, socioculturais desenvolvidas nesse núcleo de convivência possibilitam aquisições pessoais e sociais; abrem espaço para o convívio sócio-familiar e comunitário; revigoram os laços de pertencimento e os vínculos familiares e sociais, repercutindo diretamente na melhoria da qualidade de vida de seus participantes, assegurando assim as aquisições preconizadas pela Política Nacional de Assistência Social (PNAS)-2004

In 2011, the United Kingdom (U.K.) physical activity (PA) guidelines were updated. The adult moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) recommendation changed to reflect that different frequency and intensity permutations lead to equivalent health benefits. New recommendations were added for muscle strengthening activities (MSA) and the reduction of sedentary time (ST). Those over 65 years were also recommended to undertake balance and co-ordination activities (BCA). Despite these new additions, Scottish PA policy still concentrated on MVPA, with considerable resources allocated to sport and some exercise activities. Since 2012, the Scottish Health Survey (SHeS) has collected data relating to these new recommendations annually, but few analyses have been undertaken. This thesis contains the most comprehensive analyses of the 2012-15 SHeS PA and ST data to date, and a review into whether the method produces valid and reliable estimates. The aim of this thesis was to inform Scottish PA and sedentary behaviour policy by producing research to support the incorporation of these new recommendations and the promotion of non-sport-related MVPA policies. It also aimed to inform any future developments to PA and ST surveillance in Scotland. The first three studies of this thesis are cross-sectional analyses of the updated recommendations for adults in Scotland. They present prevalence and participation data in specific domains, activities, and behaviours by age and sex. The main findings were that (1) sport was a minority contributor to the total MVPA of adults in Scotland, regardless of sex, age, or activity status (never more than 20%), (2) compliance with the MSA recommendation was approximately half that of the MVPA recommendation (31% of men and 24% of women), and compliance with the BCA recommendation amongst those over 65 years was very low (19% of older men and 12% of older women), and (3) middle-aged adults in work reported a comparable amount of weekday ST to adults over 75 years (7-8 hours per day). The fourth study was a review of the available evidence into whether the PA and ST estimates produced by the 2012-15 SHeS were valid and reliable. The SHeS was found to be fit for purpose, but recommendations were made regarding the analysis and interpretation of the data to minimise areas of concern. These were (1) analyse MVPA data with and without the domain of occupational MVPA, (2) make it clear that only sport and exercise activities can contribute to achieving the MSA and BCA recommendations under the SHeS method, and (3) focus on the comparisons between groups in relation to ST, rather than on the absolute values. The fifth study used the findings from the previous four to inform the design of a prospective cohort study that will investigate the joint effects of MVPA and total ST on all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes. This thesis contains the results of the preliminary analyses. This study is designed to inform policy by providing novel information on how the combination of these behaviours affects health outcomes in a representative sample of Scottish adults. There is clear evidence that this work has already informed policy and surveillance. The work on the relative contribution of the domains of MVPA is regularly cited in evidence briefings for the Scottish Government and the Scottish Parliament. This has increased the awareness amongst key policy-makers that sport is not a major contributor to the total MVPA of adults in Scotland. The work on MSA, BCA, and ST was a catalyst for a proposal to include indicators relating to these recommendations on the national PA monitoring framework. The work on MSA and BCA has also been a key reference text in preparation for the next update to the U.K. PA guidelines, stressing the need to consider surveillance at an early stage. In summary, the novel analyses of SHeS data undertaken for this thesis have demonstrably informed PA and sedentary behaviour policy and surveillance in Scotland.

In the present work we compare the effectiveness of therapy in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP) using classical analytical strengthening and strengthening program based on principles of physiotherapy techniques that focus on the stabilization of the spine and are used in the treatment CNLBP. The experiment included a total of 14 patients diagnosed with CNLBP who were divided into two groups (n = 7), each of who underwent a 12-week training either classical or physiotherapy conceived strengthening. As for the evaluated parameters, we chose the size and quality of pain (visual analogue scale and Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire), restrictions in daily life in relation to LBP (Oswestry Disability Index); we tried to capture a change in the stabilizing muscle function by using a collection of tests according to Kolar (2006). The evaluation took place at the beginning and after the program and then at intervals of six months. The results showed that there was a statistically significant improvement in both groups in the monitored parameters. The difference in results in pain intensity and functional limitations in life when comparing the two groups showed statistically insignificant. Both the groups of patients improved their score in the evaluation of the stabilizing functions of...

nÃo hà / O Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento dos Conselhos Escolares (PNFCE) objetiva promover a implantaÃÃo e o fortalecimento desses, no sentido de contribuir com a discussÃo sobre a importÃncia do conselho escolar para os aspectos pedagÃgicos, administrativos e financeiros nas instituiÃÃes de ensino. Por sua vez, esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de avaliar se o PNFCE Ã, de fato, um instrumento que proporciona a qualificaÃÃo dos sujeitos atuantes nos conselhos escolares para uma participaÃÃo democrÃtica ou se o programa se constitui como instrumento de legitimaÃÃo das aÃÃes do Estado e na perspectiva de docilizar a comunidade escolar e local. Para esse empreendimento acadÃmico, empregou-se como caminho metodolÃgico para esta pesquisa: das CiÃncias Sociais, a anÃlise das formaÃÃes discursivas objetivada por Foucault (1999), tendo em vista que foi tomado como corpus deste estudo a anÃlise da construÃÃo ideolÃgica presente nos textos que cria e fundamenta o PNFCE e, da perspectiva da avaliaÃÃo de polÃticas pÃblicas, o paradigma interpretativo a partir do modelo da experiÃncia (LEJANO, 2011), evidenciado pela indissociÃvel relaÃÃo entre texto (polÃtica) e contexto (realidade em que se manifesta a polÃtica). Tanto o texto quanto o contexto tiveram como trama de fundo as categorias de anÃlise que sustentam esta pesquisa: Estado, participaÃÃo e democracia. A concepÃÃo de Estado na perspectiva de Gramsci (2005), Coutinho (1988) e Carvalho (2010). E para o entendimento de participaÃÃo democrÃtica, Tatagiba (2002), Dagnino (2004) e Santos (2001). Propor uma reflexÃo sobre a participaÃÃo nos conselhos escolares na constituiÃÃo da gestÃo democrÃtica pode pressupor a organizaÃÃo de um colegiado atuando de forma a planejar, executar, avaliar e deliberar na direÃÃo do bom andamento do sistema escolar. No entanto, torna-se relevante deixar emergir a indagaÃÃo: como entender que o Estado promova espaÃos de discussÃes que possam constituir-se em potenciais instÃncias de enfretamento à prÃpria ordem estatal, como o podem ser os conselhos escolares? Ao avaliar o PNFCE, concluiu-se que existem lacunas entre as funÃÃes do conselho escolar e a sua atuaÃÃo na escola, o que implica uma relaÃÃo nem tÃo democrÃtica nem descentralizada e autÃnoma. Revelando a ressignificaÃÃo dos conselhos escolares, reafirmados nos conflitos de interesses, na ausÃncia de uma cultura de participaÃÃo e na atuaÃÃo de Estado mÃnimo ou mesmo de uma cidadania tutelada. / The National Program for Strengthening School Councils (PNFCE) aims to promote the implementation and strengthening of these, in order to contribute to the discussion about the importance of the school council for pedagogical, administrative and financial aspects in educational institutions. In turn, this research had the objective of evaluating whether the PNFCE is, in fact, an instrument that provides the qualification of the subjects acting in the school councils for a democratic participation or if the program constitutes as instrument of legitimation of the actions of the State and In the perspective of docilizar the school and local community. For this academic enterprise, the analysis of the discursive formations objectified by Foucault (1999) was used as a methodological path for this research, considering that it was taken as corpus of this study the analysis of the ideological construction present in the texts that (LEJANO, 2011), evidenced by the inextricable relationship between text (politics) and context (reality in which politics is manifested) . Both the text and the context had as background the categories of analysis that support this research: State, participation and democracy. The conception of State in the perspective of Gramsci (2005), Coutinho (1988) and Carvalho (2010). And for the understanding of democratic participation, Tatagiba (2002), Dagnino (2004) and Santos (2001). Proposing a reflection about participation in school boards in the constitution of democratic management may presuppose the organization of a collegiate acting in order to plan, execute, evaluate and deliberate in the direction of the good progress of the school system. However, it is relevant to let the question emerge: how can we understand that the State promotes spaces of discussion that may constitute potential instances of confrontation with the state order itself, such as school councils? In evaluating the PNFCE, it was concluded that there are gaps between the functions of the school council and its performance in school, which implies a relationship neither as democratic nor decentralized and autonomous. Revealing the re-signification of school councils, reaffirmed in conflicts of interest, in the absence of a culture of participation and in the action of a minimal state or even a protected citizenship.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T16:38:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Erika Mallmann.pdf: 2944653 bytes, checksum: 92d6e2f17622999f292b546dea2831b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-06 / The National Pact for the High School Strengthening (PHSS) has been presenting a teaching methodology in which the teacher acts as mediator of the historically elaborated knowledge, developing the contents through interdisciplinary pedagogical practices. In order to improve the quality of education, owing to the coverage and growth of the offer, such a program arises with the objective of promoting the appreciation of the teachers of the state public high school system through the provision of continuing education. It also proposes the reflection on the curriculum of High School, requiring the development of educational and effective practices. The offer of the training is intended, according to the systematization of the program, to all pedagogical coordinators and teachers of the public high school system. Two perspectives are presented in this proposal: the continuing education of high school teachers, which present as goals: a) promote improvement of the quality of high school; b) to expand the spaces of training of all professionals involved in this stage of basic education; c) trigger a movement of reflection on the curricular practices that are developed in the schools; And, d) foster the development of effective educational practices focused on integral human education, also pointed out in the National Curriculum Guidelines for High School (BRASIL, 2015). The curriculum redesign, being developed in schools through the Innovative High School Program (IHSP), it s a joint action that takes the form of a national program, which was created by the Federal Government, under the care of the Ministry of Education (MEC). IHSP is a curricular reorganization by disciplines (cutting of the real to deepen concepts) and with integrative activities (immersion into the real or its simulation to understand the part-totality relation through interdisciplinary activities) to it, integrating the dimensions of work, science, technology and culture. In this sense, a question remains: How is PHSS being organized and offered in daily school life? What specifically are the indications of changes established in this program in relation to the teaching developed in public schools? Therefore, the intended purpose of this study entitled Changes on school teaching: Case study about the implementation of the National Pact for High School Strengthening in the Municipality of Foz do Iguaçu was to find out what are the innovative actions intended by PNEM and what are its indicatives of changes in 21st century school education. The results expressed through the reports of the trainees, that despite the expectations presented and the intentionality of the training program, no improvements were observed that could guarantee the quality of the teaching and the structure of the participating schools, since the teaching practices were not modified. / O Pacto Nacional de Fortalecimento do Ensino Médio (PNEM) apresenta uma metodologia de ensino no qual o docente atua como mediador do conhecimento historicamente elaborado, e desenvolve os conteúdos por meio de práticas pedagógicas interdisciplinares. Para melhorar a qualidade no ensino, tendo em vista a cobertura e o crescimento da oferta, surge tal programa com o objetivo de promover a valorização dos docentes da rede estadual pública do Ensino Médio, por meio da oferta de formação continuada. Ele propõe ainda a reflexão sobre o currículo do Ensino Médio, requer o desenvolvimento de práticas educativas e efetivas. A oferta da formação destina-se, de acordo com a sistematização do programa, a todos os coordenadores pedagógicos e docentes da rede pública do Ensino Médio. Duas perspectivas são apresentadas nesta proposta: a formação continuada de docentes do Ensino Médio, que apresenta como objetivos: a) promover melhoria da qualidade do Ensino Médio; b) ampliar os espaços de formação de todos os profissionais envolvidos nesta etapa da educação básica; c) desencadear um movimento de reflexão sobre as práticas curriculares que se desenvolvem nas escolas; e, d) fomentar o desenvolvimento de práticas educativas efetivas com foco na formação humana integral, também apontados nas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Médio (BRASIL, 2015). O redesenho curricular, em desenvolvimento nas escolas por meio do Programa Ensino Médio Inovador (ProEMI), é uma ação conjunta que acontece sob o formato de um programa nacional, criado pelo Governo Federal, sob os cuidados do Ministério da Educação (MEC). O ProEMI é uma reorganização curricular por disciplinas (recorte do real para aprofundar conceitos) e com atividades integradoras (imersão no real ou sua simulação para compreender a relação parte-totalidade por meio de atividades interdisciplinares) a ele, integrando as dimensões do trabalho, da ciência, da tecnologia e da cultura. Neste sentido, fica a questão: Como o PNEM está sendo organizado e oferecido no cotidiano escolar? Quais especificamente são as indicações de mudanças estabelecidas neste programa em relação ao ensino desenvolvido nas escolas públicas? Logo, o propósito pretendido no estudo intitulado Mudanças no ensino escolar: Estudo de caso sobre a implantação do Pacto Nacional pelo Fortalecimento do Ensino Médio no município de Foz do Iguaçu-PR foi o de averiguar quais são as ações inovadoras pretendidas pelo PNEM e quais os seus indicativos de mudanças no ensino escolar do século XXI. Os resultados expressaram por meio dos relatos dos cursistas, que apesar das expectativas apresentadas e da intencionalidade do programa de formação, não foram observadas melhorias capazes de assegurar qualidade do ensino e da estrutura das escolas participantes, uma vez que não foram modificadas as práticas docentes.

Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de uma técnica de incremento da resistência e da rigidez à flexão de ligações de elementos de concreto pré-moldado, com aplicação de laminados de polímero reforçado com fibra de carbono (PRFC). O procedimento adotado consiste na colagem dos laminados de PRFC em entalhes no concreto de cobrimento, de acordo com a técnica conhecida como \"near-surface mounted\" (NSM), de modo a incorporar à ligação novos elementos resistentes à tração. Para solidarizar a ligação e possibilitar a transferência de esforços de compressão entre os elementos de concreto existentes, preenchem-se os espaços vazios (grauteamento) com argamassa fluida à base de cimento Portland. Foram desenvolvidos modelos em escala reduzida, com o intuito de representar os mecanismos resistentes de uma ligação viga-pilar composta por encaixe de dente Gerber e consolo, com uso de chumbador, almofada de apoio e graute. Esse tipo de ligação é muito utilizado na construção de galpões e tem, na sua concepção original, comportamento essencialmente de articulação. Em uma etapa preliminar, realizaram-se ensaios para a caracterização da aderência segundo a configuração de reforço proposta. Os resultados dessa análise subsidiaram a fixação do comprimento de laminado a ancorar e a escolha do tipo de resina a empregar para colagem do reforço. Os modelos representativos da técnica de reforço proposta foram preparados, cada um deles, pela montagem de um elemento de pilar-consolo com elementos de viga nos respectivos chumbadores e almofadas. Foram também preparados modelos de referência para o estudo da influência da almofada de apoio e do grauteamento no comportamento resistente e da deformabilidade da ligação. Nesses modelos, as juntas eram perfeitamente conjugadas, isto é, os trechos de viga foram concretados com um elemento pré-moldado de pilar-consolo posicionado dentro da fôrma, sem disposição de almofadas. Todos os modelos de ligação foram reforçados e submetidos a ensaios estáticos. Esses ensaios consistiram na aplicação de carregamento cíclico alternado de curta duração, solicitando-se os modelos a momento fletor positivo ou negativo. Este trabalho também apresenta procedimento executivo de ensaios dinâmicos para avaliação da rigidez dos modelos de ligação em três condições: modelo íntegro reforçado, modelo reforçado fissurado (após aplicação de carregamento de aproximadamente 30% do carregamento de ruptura da ligação, em ensaio estático) e modelo reforçado rompido. Com o reforço, a ligação apresentou comportamento semi-rígido e adquiriu resistência à flexão compatível à de estrutura monolítica armada com barras de PRF. / This work presents the development of a technique for flexural strengthening and stiffness increasing of precast beam-to-column connections by the embedding of FRP strips into grooves made on the concrete cover. According to this technique, the tension in the connection is transferred by the Near-Surface Mounted (NSM) FRP strips. To allow the transference of compression efforts among the concrete elements, the empty spaces are filled out with grout. Small-scale specimens were developed to represent the resistant mechanisms of pined beam-to-column connection composed by elastomeric cushion and dowels. Preliminary experimental tests on bond behavior of NSM strips were carried out. The results analysis conducted the decision about the adhesive type and bond length to be employed in the beam-to-column connection specimens. Each specimen was made of the assembly of a column section connected to beam sections through their respective dowels and cushions. The connection specimens were reinforced by embedding CFRP strips in the lateral concrete cover and filling out the spaces between beams and column. In addition, control specimens were prepared to study the influence of the cushion and grout in the connection performance. In those models, the joints were conjugated perfectly, which means that the beam sections were laid inside the wooden forms and cast together with a precast column section with no cushions between them. Experimental static and dynamic tests were done. The tests results show that strengthened connection exhibits semi-rigid behavior and acquires flexural strength compatible to monolithic structure reinforced with FRP bars.

Pseudo-dynamic testing was employed to observe the seismic performance of three different retrofit methods on two story three bay reinforced concrete frame structures. The three test frames have hollow clay tile (HCT) infills in the central bay. All of the test frames represent the seismic deficiencies of the Turkish construction practice such as use of plain reinforcing bars, low strength concrete and insufficient confining steel. Two non-invasive and occupant friendly retrofit schemes suggested in the Turkish Earthquake Code, namely use of Fiber Reinforced Polymers and precast concrete panels integrated on the HCT infills and traditional approach of adding concrete infill wall were employed. Specimens were subjected to three different scale levels of North-South component of Duzce ground motion. Reference specimen experienced severe damage at 100% scale level and reached collapse stage due to the loss of integrity of the infill wall and significant damage on the boundary columns. The retrofitted test structures were able to survive the highest level 140% Duzce ground motion. Test results confirmed the success of the retrofit methods for simulated earthquake loads.

There is an excessive demand for the rehabilitation of frame type reinforced concrete (RC) buildings which do not satisfy current earthquake code provisions. Therefore, it is imperative to develop user-friendly seismic strengthening methodologies which do not necessitate the evacuation of building during rehabilitation period. In this study, it was aimed to strengthen the brick infill walls by means of diagonal Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) fabrics and to integrate them with the existing structural frame in order to form a new lateral load resisting system. The possible effects of height to width (aspect) ratio of the infill walls and scale of the frame test specimens on the overall behavior attained by the developed rehabilitation methodology were investigated. The experimental part of the study was carried out in two steps. In the first step, ten individual panel specimens were tested in order to understand the behavior of strengthened/non-strengthened masonry walls under diagonal earthquake loads. And in the second step, the tests of eight 1/3 and four 1/2 scaled one-bay, two-story RC frames having two different aspect ratios were performed to determine design details. The experimental results were revealed in terms of lateral stiffness, strength, drift and energy dissipation characteristics of the specimens. In the analytical part, an equivalent strut and tie approach was used for modeling the strengthened/non-strengthened infill walls of the frames. The predicted pushover responses of the frame models were compared with the test results. The design criteria required for the aforementioned strengthening methodology was developed referring these analytical results.

Aging bridges in the United States demand effective, efficient, and economical strengthening techniques to meet future traffic requirements. One such technique is to bond steel or fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) plates to the tension faces of reinforced concrete bridge beams with adhesives to strengthen them in flexure. However, beams that have been flexurally strengthened in this manner often fail prematurely, in particular by plate end peeling. The benefits of flexural strengthening by externally bonded reinforcement can only be fully realized by preventing premature failure modes so as to allow the development of composite action between the beam and the external reinforcement. With this goal in mind, several critical limit states of externally reinforced beams are examined in this thesis. Models developed by Roberts (1989) and by Colotti, Spadea, and Swamy (2004) that predict premature plate end debonding are examined in depth using data from previously conducted experimental programs that employed both steel and FRP external reinforcement. In addition, various parameters of the concrete beam, adhesive, and external reinforcement are analyzed in each model to determine the role of each parameter in failure prediction. A critical appraisal of the performance of the models using existing experimental data leads to the selection of the Roberts (1989) model. This model is used to develop recommended design guidelines for flexurally strengthening reinforced concrete bridge beams with externally bonded FRP plates and for preventing premature plate peeling.