Structural lightweight aggregate concrete is an important and versatile material, which offers a range of technical, economic and environmental-enhancing and preserving advantages and is designed to become a dominant material in the new millennium. For structural application of lightweight concrete, the density is often more important than the strength. A decreased density for the same strength level reduces the self-weight, foundation size and construction costs. Structural lightweight aggregate concrete generally used to reduce dead weight of structure as well as to reduce the risk of earthquake damages to a structure because the earthquake forces that will influence the civil engineering structures are proportional to the mass of those structures. In this study, structural lightweight aggregate concrete was designed with the use of natural perlite aggregate that will provide an advantage of reducing dead weight of structure and to obtain a more economical structural lightweight concrete by the use of perlite powder as a replacement of the cement. Six mixes were produced with different cement content and with or without perlite powder. Six mixes divided into two groups according to their cement content. First group had a cement content of 300 kg/m3 and second group had cement content of 500 kg/m3 / also the water/cement ratios of groups were 0.49 and 0.35 respectively. Moreover, each group had three sub-mixes with 0%, 20% and 35% of perlite powder as cement replacement. According to results of experimental study, it was concluded that natural perlite aggregate can be used in the production of structural lightweight aggregate concrete. Based on the strength and density results of experimental work, it is possible to produce lightweight concrete with 20 MPa-40 MPa cylindrical compressive strength by using natural perlite aggregate. Also, the use of perlite powder, which will provide economy, can reduce dead weight further and increase performance.

Hoy en día existen diversas estructuras en la que se ha dado la aplicación del concreto liviano estructural, por lo que empresas contratistas apuestan por agregados livianos para fabricar concreto liviano de alta resistencia y que cumpla con sus requisitos de diseño. Estos estudios comenzaron a principios de la década de 1980, con óptimos resultados en 1992. Como resultado de todos estos aportes, la información de diseño se ha convertido al alcance de muchos profesionales, y ha permitido que el concreto liviano sea utilizado en alta resistencia y alta durabilidad (Hoff 1992). Es por ello mismo, que nuestra investigación propone el uso de un concreto liviano estructural con perlita de poliestireno expandido en un sistema de albañilería confinada. Este estudio comprende la elaboración del diseño de un concreto liviano estructural; en primer lugar, se investigó un rango apropiado de perlita ya que según Thanon y Jihad (2016) señalan que para obtener óptimos resultados en resistencia a compresión la dosificación de perlita debe variar entre un intervalo de 13-23% ,y es por ello mismo que se escoge trabajar con un porcentaje de 16 % de perlita de poliestireno expandido, pero para términos de comprobación en las propiedades térmicas, también se diseñó con 26% y 36% de perlita; en segundo lugar, para proceder a realizar el diseño del concreto se diseña en base a los requisitos mínimos que establece ACI 318 y con referencias en ACI 211R, la cual interviene en ciertos parámetros para obtener las características de un concreto liviano estructural. / Today there are various structures in which there has been the application of lightweight structural concrete, so contractor companies are committed to lightweight aggregates to manufacture lightweight, high strength concrete that meets its design requirements. These studies conducted in the early 1980s, with optimal results in 1992. As a result of all these contributions, design information has become available to many professionals, and has allowed light concrete to be used for new applications and novelties where high strength and high durability are desirable (Hoff 1992). That is why our research proposes the use of a lightweight structural concrete with expanded polystyrene bead in a confined masonry system for single-family homes. This study includes the development of the design of a lightweight structural concrete; First, a range of bead was investigated since according to Thanon and Jihad (2016) it was pointed out that to obtain optimum results in compressive strength the dosage of perlite must vary between a range of 13-23%, and that is why same that it is chosen to work with a percentage of 16% expanded polystyrene perlite, but for terms of checking the thermal properties, it is also designed with 26% and 36% perlite; secondly, to proceed with the design of the concrete, it is designed based on the minimum requirements established by ACI 318 and with references in ACI 211R, the quality of intervention in specific parameters to obtain the characteristics of a lightweight structural concrete. / Tesis

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:57:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EdilbertoVB_TESE.pdf: 8017732 bytes, checksum: 5be77df6bb358232ee29ccf11e397f58 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-10 / The search for alternative materials with lower density, reduction in heat transfer and propagation of noise associated with the ease of handling and application in concrete structures, represents an enormous challenge in the formulation and knowledge of the performance of self-compacting lightweight concrete, which has technology little known nationally, and appears on the international scene as an innovative material and alternative to conventional concrete. Based on these, this study set out to study self-compacting lightweight concrete made with two distinct grades of expanded clay associated with the addition of plasticizing/superplasticizers additives and mineral additions of metakaolin and bagasse ash of sugar cane. There is also an object of study, evaluation of pozzolanic activity of mineral admixtures and their influence on the durability characteristics of concrete. The rheological, physical, mechanical and microstructural analysis in this study served as basis in the classification of concretes autoadens?veis, targeting the national technical requirements for their classification in the category autoadens?vel and lightweight structural. The inclusion of mineral admixtures (metakaolin and bagasse ash of sugar cane), partial replacement of cement, pozzolanic activity and demonstrated maintenance of mechanical properties through the filler effect, a reduction of up to 76% of the nitrogen gas permeability in blend with 20% bagasse ash. All concretes had rheology (cohesion and consistency) suitable for self-adensability as well as strength and density inherent structural lightweight concrete without presenting phenomena of segregation and exudation / A busca por materiais alternativos de menor massa espec?fica, redu??o na transfer?ncia de calor e propaga??o do barulho, associado ? facilidade de manuseio e aplica??o em estruturas de concreto armado, representa grande desafio na formula??o e conhecimento do desempenho de concretos estruturais leves autoadens?veis, que tem tecnologia pouco difundida em n?vel nacional, e surge no cen?rio internacional como um material inovador e alternativo ao concreto convencional. Frente ao exposto, este trabalho se prop?s a estudar concretos estruturais leves autoadens?veis elaborados com duas gradua??es distintas de argila expandida associados ? inclus?o de aditivos plastificantes/superplastificantes e adi??es minerais de metacaulim e cinza de biomassa de cana-de-a??car. Tem-se ainda como objeto do estudo, a avalia??o da atividade pozol?nica das adi??es minerais e sua influ?ncia nas caracter?sticas de durabilidade dos concretos. As propriedades reol?gicas, f?sicas, mec?nicas e microestruturais, analisadas neste estudo, serviram como fundamenta??o na qualifica??o dos concretos leves autoadens?veis, visando ?s exig?ncias t?cnicas nacionais para sua classifica??o no quesito autoadens?vel e estrutural leve. A inclus?o das adi??es minerais (metacaulim e cinza de biomassa de cana-de-a??car), em substitui??o parcial do cimento, demonstrou atividade pozol?nica e manuten??o das propriedades mec?nicas atrav?s do efeito filler, apresentando redu??o de at? 76% da permeabilidade a g?s nitrog?nio na mistura com 20% de cinza de biomassa. Todos os concretos dosados apresentaram reologia (coes?o e consist?ncia) adequada para autoadensabilidade, bem como resist?ncia e massa espec?fica inerentes aos concretos estruturais leves, sem apresentar fen?menos de segrega??o e exsuda??o

En el presente trabajo se desarrolla el análisis y diseño estructural de una edificación multifamiliar de concreto armado de 20 pisos y 2 sótanos con concreto normal y liviano en la ciudad de Lima (Miraflores). El objetivo principal de este proyecto es determinar la influencia del concreto liviano en el diseño estructural. Para ello, en el primer capítulo trato de las generalidades como el problema. objetivos e hipótesis, etc. En un segundo capítulo se habló de la metodología a emplear; en el tercer capítulo el marco teórico, ahí se habló de los antecedentes del concreto liviano en el Perú y el mundo así como sus características y propiedades de este concreto, en un cuarto capitulo se realizó el análisis estructural de la edificación con concreto normal y liviano los resultados fueron que la edificación tuvo mayor desplazamiento que la edificación de concreto normal y esto se debe de que no solo tiene menor peso sino que es más dúctil; en un cuarto capitulo se trabajó el diseño estructural donde los resultados que más resaltaron fueron que se dio una reducción de acero en la edificación aproximadamente de 15%. Posteriormente se concluyó con las conclusiones y recomendaciones. Para la elaboración de este trabajo se utilizó la Norma de estructuras E060, E030, programas como Etabs y Safe. / In the present work, the analysis and structural design of a multi-family reinforced concrete building with 20 floors and 2 basements with normal and light concrete in the city of Lima (Miraflores) is developed. The main objective of this project is to determine the influence of lightweight concrete on structural design. To that end, in the first chapter I treat generalities as the problem. objectives and hypotheses, etc. In a second chapter, the methodology to be used was discussed; in the third chapter the theoretical framework, there the background of lightweight concrete in Peru and the world was discussed as well as its characteristics and properties of this concrete, in a fourth chapter the structural analysis of the building with normal and lightweight concrete was carried out The results were that the building had a greater displacement than the normal concrete building and this is due to the fact that it not only has less weight but is more ductile; In a fourth chapter, the structural design was worked on where the most outstanding results were that there was a reduction of steel in the building of approximately 15%. Subsequently, it concludes with the conclusions and recommendations. For the elaboration of this work, the Structures Standard E060, E030, programs such as Etabs and Safe were used. / Tesis