This master thesis deals with an architecture Model-View-Controller. It explains the principle, model, usage and benefits of an architecture. Futhure more, it presents the best known web frameworks on Java platform which derive benefit from this architecture. There are frameworks like Apache Struts, Tapestry and Spring. In my thesis, the principles of framworks and the work with them are described. Concerning another part of my thesis, there are simple applications which use this frameworks. The work gives instructions to make these applications. It describes and compares the latest versions of these tools. It deals more with framework Spring, describes its elementary principles and modules with enhanced sight to Web MVC of Spring.

yes / A simplified strut-and-tie model including size effect based on the crack band theory is proposed to evaluate the shear capacity of deep beams. Concrete struts are idealized as uniformly tapered prismatic members with a stress relief strip whereas horizontal and vertical shear reinforcements are assumed to be an internally statically indeterminate system. The shear transfer mechanism of concrete and shear reinforcement is then driven by using the energy equilibrium in the stress relief strip and crack band zone of concrete struts. The shear capacity predictions of deep beams obtained from the present models are in better agreement with 637 test results than those determined from strut-and-tie models proposed by ACI 318-08, EC-2, and Tan and Cheng. In addition, the trend of the shear capacity of deep beams against different parameters as predicted by the present models has a consistent agreement with that observed from experimental results. In particular, the present model shows that the normalized shear capacity of deep beams is proportional to (h)−0.25, where h = section overall depth.

Pressure signals were taken on a rotor blade surface of a single-stage, low-speed axial flow compressor. The data showed unsteady, stationary pressure perturbations that correlated with the locations of five large downstream support struts. In the present work, these data are thoroughly analysed. Strut-induced pressure amplitudes as measured on the rotor are presented as a function of the downstream strut locations. Unsteady lift and moment are calculated by integrating the pressures measured by the blade-mounted transducers. In addition, a sequence of instantaneous pressure distributions on the blade surfaces presented over time shows how the rotor is influenced by the potential effect of the struts. The strut is shown to produce a significant effect on rotor flow. This effect exceeds the unsteady stator effect at design rotor-stator-strut spacing, but falls off rapidly as the struts are moved downstream. / M.S.

Diaphragm braced strut-purlins are commonly used in the roof systems of metal buildings. However, the design problem of combined uplift and axial loads on these members is not adequately addressed in the 1989 AISI specification. The objective of this thesis is to provide experimental evidence that strut-purlins can be designed with an existing interaction equation. It was a/so the objective of this thesis to find a method of determining the axial capacity of diaphragm braced strut-purlins and to experimentally verify the accuracy of the method. / Master of Science

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:47:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AndreMD.pdf: 5208404 bytes, checksum: 35b3883a3ba487ddd5f5627c46d41e2c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-01-08 / ?Over the years the use of application frameworks designed for the View and Controller layers of MVC architectural pattern adapted to web applications has become very popular. These frameworks are classified into Actions Oriented and Components Oriented , according to the solution strategy adopted by the tools. The choice of such strategy leads the system architecture design to acquire non-functional characteristics caused by the way the framework influences the developer to implement the system. The components reusability is one of those characteristics and plays a very important role for development activities such as system evolution and maintenance. The work of this dissertation consists to analyze of how the reusability could be influenced by the Web frameworks usage. To accomplish this, small academic management applications were developed using the latest versions of Apache Struts and JavaServer Faces frameworks, the main representatives of Java plataform Web frameworks of. For this assessment was used a software quality model that associates internal attributes, which can be measured objectively, to the characteristics in question. These attributes and metrics defined for the model were based on some work related discussed in the document / ?O uso de frameworks para as camadas do Controlador e Vis?o do padr?o arquitetural MVC adaptado para aplica??es Web se tornou bastante popular ao longo dos anos. Eles s?o classificados em Orientados a A??es ou Orientados a Componentes , de acordo com a estrat?gia de solu??o adotada pelas ferramentas. A escolha por uma dessas estrat?gias faz com que o design da arquitetura do sistema adquira caracter?sticas n?o-funcionais ocasionadas pela forma com que o framework leva o desenvolvedor a implementar o sistema. A reusabilidade dos componentes ? uma dessas caracter?sticas. Ela possui um papel muito importante para atividades como evolu??o e manuten??o do sistema. O trabalho desta disserta??o consiste em analisar o quanto a reusabilidade pode ser impactada de acordo com a utiliza??o de um tipo de framework Web. Com esse intuito, foram realizados estudos de caso atrav?s da implementa??o de pequenas aplica??es de controle acad?mico se utilizando das mais recentes vers?es dos frameworks Apache Struts e JavaServer Faces, os principais representantes de frameworks Web da plataforma Java. Para essa avalia??o, foi utilizado um modelo de qualidade de software respons?vel por associar atributos internos, que podem ser medidos objetivamente, ? caracter?stica em quest?o. Esses atributos e m?tricas definidos para o modelo foram baseados em alguns trabalhos relacionados discutidos no documento

The work of this thesis sets out to give a clearer in-depth understanding of the failure mechanics of thin-walled compression members which are associated with complex interactions between the different buckling modes during the loading process. This thesis employs the finite element method in order to examine the effect of the modelling techniques imposed at the section junctions of short struts and to investigate the influence of the local and global end conditions with regard to support and loading on the compressive response of various sections, i.e. I-sections, plain channel sections, box-sections, and lipped channel sections. The thesis also details appropriate finite element modelling strategies and solution procedures taking due account of the influence of material nonlinearity and geometrical imperfections for the determination of the coupled mode interactive response of thin-walled compression members. A detailed account of the complete loading history of the compression members from the beginning of loading through to final collapse is given in the thesis. This involves elastic local buckling, nonlinear elastic and elasto-plastic post-buckling interaction behaviour and yield propagation leading to the development of an appropriate failure mechanism which causes final collapse and unloading. A new finite element modelling strategy has been developed in the thesis with particular reference to being able to deal with the classical assumption of the stress-free in-plane boundary conditions existing at the section junctions of short length strut members during post-local buckling. Also, for fixed-ended columns, with particular reference to singly-symmetric plain channel sections, it has been shown that column deflections are initiated from the onset of local buckling for the case of the constituent plate elements of the section being locally rotationally constrained at their ends. Such columns should not therefore be considered as an overall bifurcation problem of the locally buckled member. In the case of the pinned and fixed-ended boundary conditions of the columns, the finite element simulations are shown to be able to accurately describe the rather different complex failure mechanics with a high degree of imperfection sensitivity being shown to be in evidence for the pin-ended case. Considerably good agreement has been shown to occur with the independent simulations of other researchers using the finite strip method of analysis, with the analytical solution procedures of others and with the findings from independent test work and this has provided confidence in the viability and usefulness of the modelling strategies and solution procedures developed in this thesis.

Konstanz, FH, Diplomarb., 2003.

The evolution of WWW leads to continuous growth of demands that are placed on web applications that results in creating sophisticated web architectures. To minimize the complexity behind their design, software frameworks were introduced. There are hundreds of web frameworks, hence the choice of the right framework can be seen as searching for the holy grail. This thesis investigates the possibility of creating and validates usefulness of a classification scheme which organizes well-known object-oriented design patterns found in popular web frameworks: Apache Struts, Ruby on Rails, CakePHP and Zend Framework. The proposed classification scheme is based on two criteria: purpose and scope. The classification of such patterns that capture design rationale behind the decisions and best practices, is potentially important for building or restructuring a generic web framework, for capturing expertise knowledge and for orientation purposes in the problem domain - web engineering. The methodology used in this thesis is based on case studies and the identification of design patterns in web frameworks uses manual approaches. The results revealed popular design patterns in web frameworks and that the proposed classification scheme in a form of a 2D matrix must be refined, because relationships among design patterns in web frameworks are important and have a tendency to be formed as complex hierarchies. It is proposed to use a classification scheme in a form of a map or a tree when refining the scheme.

A presente pesquisa apresenta um estudo comparativo a respeito dos procedimentos para o projeto de dentes de concreto. O dente de concreto é um elemento estrutural bastante utilizado em ligações de estruturas de concreto pré-moldado. Atualmente existem vários procedimentos para o dimensionamento ou estimativa da capacidade resistente dessa ligação, entre os quais destacam-se o da ABNT (NBR 9062 e NBR 6118), PCI, ACI 318-14, Eurocode 2, entre outros. Neste contexto, a presente pesquisa objetiva à análise comparativa desses procedimentos de projeto com resultados experimentais disponíveis. Assim, esses procedimentos de projeto foram aplicados em 38 modelos experimentais de uma base de dados. Normalmente, as ruínas dos dentes de concreto são: a) escoamento da armadura do tirante; b) escoamento da armadura de suspensão; c) ruptura do concreto na região do dente. A relação entre a força de ruína experimental e a força de ruína calculada, designada por Fr,exp/Fr,cal, foi um dos parâmetros utilizados para avaliar as estimativas de força de ruína dos dentes de concreto. Na análise comparativa das estimativas para força de ruína por escoamento da armadura do tirante, a ABNT (NBR 9062 e NBR 6118) apresentou uma média de 1,26 e coeficiente de variação de 16,90%. A ACI 318-14 e o Eurocode 2 forneceram estimativas com uma média de 1,29 e coeficiente de variação de 17,6%. As estimativas do PCI tiveram uma média de 1,12 e coeficiente de variação de 17,9%. Para a ruína por escoamento da armadura de suspensão, as estimativas da ABNT (NBR 9062 e NBR 6118), PCI e ACI 318-14 (Modelos II e III) tiveram uma média de 1,22 e coeficiente de variação de 12,5%. O Eurocode 2 e a ACI 318-14 (Modelo I) apresentaram uma média de 1,87 para as estimativas e coeficiente de variação igual a 17,9%. Para a ruína por ruptura do concreto na região do dente, as estimativas da ACI 318-14 (Modelos II e III) apresetaram uma média de 1,56 e coeficiente de variação de 18,8%. Com o Modelo I, as estimativas da ACI 318-14 tiveram uma média de 1,60 e coeficiente de variação de 19,0%. O Eurocode 2 forneceu estimativas com uma média de 1,63 e coeficiente de variação de 14,6%. O PCI teve a pior estimativa com uma média de 3,29 e coeficiente de variação de 32,4%. O estudo ainda serviu como subsídio para o desenvolvimento de uma proposta para verificação da tensão de compressão no concreto. Para a região do dente, a proposta foi aplicada em 9 modelos experimentais da base de dados e apresentou uma média de 1,33 e um coeficiente de variação de 14,9%. / This research presents a comparative study about procedures for the design of dapped end beam. The dapped end beam is a structural element widely used in connections of precast concrete structures. Currently there are several procedures for the dimensioning or evaluation of the strength capacity of this connection, like as ABNT (NBR 9062 and NBR 6118), PCI, ACI 318-14 and Eurocode 2. In this context, the present research objetives to the comparative analysis of these design procedures with available experimental results. Thus, these design procedures were applied 38 experimental models of a database. Normally, the dapped end beam failures were: a) reinforcement yielding of the tie; b) yielding of the hanger bars; c) concrete rupture in the nib. The relation between the experimental failure force and calculated failure force, designated by Fr,exp/Fr,cal, was one of the parameters used to evaluate the estimates of failure force of dapped end beam. The ABNT (NBR 9062 e NBR 6118) presented an average of 1,26 and a coefficient of variation of 16,90% in the comparative analysis of the estimates for failure by the yielding of the tie. The ACI 318-14 and Eurocode 2 provided estimates with an average of 1,29 and coefficient of variation of 17,6%. The PCI estimates had an average of 1,12 and coefficient of variation of 17,9%. For failure by the yielding of hanger bars, estimates of ABNT (NBR 9062 and NBR 6118), PCI and ACI 318-14 (Models II and III) had an average of 1,22 and a coefficient of variation of 12,5%. Eurocode 2 and ACI 318-14 (Model I) presented an average of 1,87 for the estimates and coefficient of variation equal to 17,9%. For the rupture of concrete in nib, the ACI 318-14 (Models II and III) estimates presented an average of 1,56 and a coefficient of variation of 18,8%. With Model I, the estimates of ACI 318-14 had an average of 1,60 and a coefficient of variation of 19,0%. Eurocode 2 provided estimates with an average of 1,63 and a coefficient of variation of 14,6%. The PCI had the worst estimate with an average of 3,29 and coefficient of variation of 32,4%. The study also served as a subsidy for the development of a proposal for checking the concrete compressive stress. For nib, the simplified proposal was applied in 9 experimental models of the database and presented an average of 1,33 and a coefficient of variation of 14,9%.

Ride and handling are important areas for safety and improved vehicle control during driving. To meet the demands on ride and handling a number of measures can be taken. This master thesis work has focused on the early design phase. At the early phases of design, the level of details is low and the design freedom is big. By introducing a tool to support the early vehicle body design, the potential of finding more efficient structures increases. In this study, topology optimization of a vehicle front structure has been performed using OptiStruct by Altair Engineering. The objective has been to find the optimal topology of beams and rods to achieve high stiffness of the front structure for improved ride and handling. Based on topology optimization a proposal for a beam layout in the front structure area has been identified. A vital part of the project has been to describe how to use topology optimization as a tool in the design process. During the project different approaches has been studied to come from a large design space to a low weight architecture based on a beam-like structure. The different approaches will be described and our experience and recommendations will be presented. Also the general result of a topology-optimized architecture for vehicle body stiffness will be presented.