Submitted by Paulo Junior (paulo.jr@fgv.br) on 2010-09-02T20:55:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CONCEIÇÃO APARECIDA.pdf: 299785 bytes, checksum: 29c3957847c923d5994473f6c251406c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Paulo Junior(paulo.jr@fgv.br) on 2010-09-02T20:55:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CONCEIÇÃO APARECIDA.pdf: 299785 bytes, checksum: 29c3957847c923d5994473f6c251406c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2010-09-08T12:25:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CONCEIÇÃO APARECIDA.pdf: 299785 bytes, checksum: 29c3957847c923d5994473f6c251406c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-16 / This study main interest was to verify the main causes to dropping out from distance courses reported by Brazilian institutions offering them. The study involved literature review and field research. Through the literature review it was possible to note that Brazilian society faces an education quality issue that has been around for a long time. The change from a quantitative to a qualitative way to address this issue through public policies is notable. The study presents distance learning (DL) as a modality of education capable of helping in reduce the issue of quality education offer. The study addresses the appearance, development, and features of DL and how the internet favored the rise of digital communication, and thus increased the search for DL. DL participation in the Brazilian educational process is increasing more and more. However, just as it happens with traditional education, DL faces a number of problems. One of them – the center of this works attention – is the still high rate of students dropping out. By assessing the main causes to this fact, this work concludes that factors such as the quality of the interaction between students and teachers, as well as the acknowledgement about the quality of the courses offered, should be targeted by all public and private institutions that wish to work with this type of teaching. / Este trabalho teve como interesse principal verificar quais as principais causas para a evasão, apresentadas pelos cursos a distância, oferecidos pelas instituições brasileiras. O estudo foi realizado a partir de revisões bibliográficas e pesquisa de campo. Na revisão bibliográfica, observa-se que a sociedade brasileira se depara, desde há muito tempo, com a questão da qualidade da educação. É possível acompanhar a mudança de foco das políticas públicas na área da educação: de uma abordagem quantitativa para uma abordagem qualitativa. O estudo apresenta a EAD como uma modalidade de ensino capaz de somar forças para que seja minimizada a questão da oferta de uma educação de qualidade. São mostrados seu surgimento, desenvolvimento e peculiaridades e como o advento da Internet favoreceu o aumento da comunicação digital, aumentando a procura pela EAD. Cada vez mais, a EAD está ganhando força no processo educativo brasileiro. Porém, assim como a educação tradicional, precisa enfrentar inúmeros problemas. Um deles, foco deste trabalho, é o (ainda) alto índice de evasão. Pesquisando as principais causas para o fato, este trabalho conclui que fatores como qualidade da interação entre alunos e professores bem como o reconhecimento da qualidade dos cursos oferecidos devem ser trabalhados por todas as instituições, públicas e privadas que desejem trabalhar com essa modalidade de ensino.

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I denna uppsats försöker jag att fylla ett tomrum inom forskningen om studenter som väljer att hoppa sina programutbildningar inom samhällsvetenskapliga program riktade mot en kandidatexamen. Syftet med detta arbete är att presentera en bild av avhoppade studenter inom kandidatprogram, och därmed utgöra en beskrivande studie för fortsatt forskning och fördjupning inom området. Jag har samlat in och analyserat statistik om avhoppade studenter från fem samhällsvetenskapliga program vid Luleå tekniska universitet. Med hjälp av statistisk analys ger jag en detaljerad bild av studenterna som väljer att hoppa av sin samhällsvetenskapliga universitetsutbildning. Resultaten visar på en skillnad mellan könen, där männen generellt är underrepresenterade inom de flesta program men har samtidigt högst sannolikhet att lämna programmen. För båda könen är det inte ovanligt att de fortsätter studera ett annat program eller kurser vid samma universitet efter att de har hoppat av. Denna sannolikhet ökar ännu mer ifall de ursprungligen kommer från närliggande orter till universitetet. För avhoppade studenterna som kommer från andra delar av Sverige råder det omvända förhållandet, om dessa individer fortsätter att studera sker det oftast vid ett annat universitet eller högskola. Med de tillgängliga data som använts går det dock ej utläsa ifall de avhoppade studenterna väljer att studera liknande program eller kurser vid nya utbildningsorter. Det finns även en skillnad mellan könen när man gör en åldersindelning, där äldre kvinnor oftare forsätter att studera än män. Jag diskuterar mina resultat med hjälp av etablerad forskning inom utbildningssociologi, där man studerat hur kulturellt kapital, habitus, könsskillnader påverkar engagemang gentemot skolan och hur väl man lyckas prestera inom skolväsendet. Genom att koppla resultaten mot teorier inom utbildningssociologi kan detta arbete vara en utgångspunkt för att utveckla nya frågeställningar och hypoteser om avhoppade kandidatprogram studenter. Och därmed bidra till fortsatt forskning inom området. / In this paper I try to fill a gap in the studies of students who drop out of higher education in Sweden. The gap consists of students who choose to drop out of educational programs aimed towards bachelor degrees in the social sciences. The aim of this study is to present the reader with a picture of students who drops out of bachelor programs and by doing so I hope to provide a stepping stone for further research in this area. I collect and analyze statistical data on drop outs from five programs at the University of Technology in Luleå. With this I provide detailed presentation using statistical analysis of the students who choose to drop out of higher education in the social sciences. The analyzed data shows a discrepancy between the genders, where even though men are typically underrepresented at the programs at a whole, they are still the most likely to leave the programs. But even when they drop out of a program there is a high probability that they continue to study at the same university, this is true for both gender but slightly more so for women. This also increases greatly if you are from the surrounding area of the university to begin with. For students who drop out and originated from other parts of the country, they are more likely to continue their studies at a different university. With the current data available in this study, there is no way to know what type of programs or courses they choose to study at their new choice of university. There is also a difference between the genders when accounting for age, where older women have a slightly higher tendency to continue to study after they drop out.  I discuss my results with established research in the field of sociology of education, on how culture capital, habitus, and differences in gender effect how students engage and perform in education. By using theories of sociology of education, this study can be used to further develop research questions and explore new premises within the subject area.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-11-16T11:49:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Luis Felipe Hortenzi Vilela Braga.pdf: 1732843 bytes, checksum: 0a0ae6dbce91bb5a4d6cd30470ff6c02 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-16T11:49:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luis Felipe Hortenzi Vilela Braga.pdf: 1732843 bytes, checksum: 0a0ae6dbce91bb5a4d6cd30470ff6c02 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-24 / This dissertation has two main objectives, the first to identify parameters to assess the efficiency and effectiveness of undergraduate education in Accounting and the second generating useful information for strategic planning of the education system, the IES, and of Accounting Courses, by means of student retention factors proposed by Cabrera, Nora and Castanheda (1992).The methodological approach applied descriptive and inferential statistics continuing the Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis and finalizing this study with the proposition of a model compound for Structural Equation. The results confirm using the covariance matrix of the structural equation modeling showed that 7 between 12 causal relationships respectively comparing with the model of Cabrera et al. (1992 ). Among the exogenous variables as well as in the reference model the encouragement of close people got more weight in the model of explanation, from a causal relationship 0.885 with academic and intellectual development, and 0.714 from social integration; between endogenous variables academic and intellectual development was the most important factor with a causal relationship 0.720 with commitment to the institution and 0.432 in order to graduating. It was concluded by the results that the adaptation of the model proposed by Cabrera, Nora and Castaneda (1992) and its implementation, were able to identify parameter for management of Accounting courses and contribute to future research, expanding discussions on education, management and vocational training in Accounting / Essa dissertação tem dois principais objetivos, o primeiro identificar parâmetros para avaliação da eficiência e eficácia do ensino de graduação em Ciências Contábeis e o segundo gerar informações úteis, para o planejamento estratégico do Sistema de Ensino, das IES, e dos Cursos de Ciências Contábeis, por meio dos fatores de retenção discente propostos por Cabrera, Nora e Castanheda (1992). Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa aplicada de abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, utilizando um questionário semiestruturado, de abordagem direta, aplicado a 155 alunos, regularmente matriculados, do segundo ao quarto de graduação presencial em Ciências Contábeis, em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior do interior do Estado de São Paulo, utilizando um modelo adaptado de Cabrera et al. (1992), composto por indicadores organizados e agrupados em fatores sociais, ambientais, cognitivos e comportamentais. A metodologia empregada faz uso da estatística descritiva e inferencial, prosseguindo com a análise fatorial exploratória, análise fatorial confirmatória e finalizando com a proposição de um modelo composto por equações estruturais. Após a aplicação do modelo, os resultados confirmam, por meio da matriz de covariância do modelo estrutural a observação de 7 entre 12 relações causais, comparando-se respectivamente o modelo proposto com o modelo de Cabrera et al. (1992). Entre as variáveis exógenas assim como no modelo de referência, o encorajamento de pessoas próximas foi o fator que obteve maior peso na explicação do modelo, com uma relação causal de 0,885 com desenvolvimento acadêmico e intelectual e 0,714 integração social; entre as variáveis endógenas, o desenvolvimento acadêmico e intelectual, foi o fator mais importante, com uma relação causal de 0,720 com comprometimento com a instituição e 0,432 com o objetivo de se formar. Conclui-se por meio dos resultados, que a adaptação do modelo propostos por Cabrera, Nora e Castanheda (1992) bem como sua aplicação, foram capazes de identificar parâmetro para gestão dos cursos de Ciências Contábeis e contribuir com pesquisas futuras, ampliando as discussões sobre ensino, gestão e formação profissional em Ciências Contábeis

Le questionnement autour du phénomène du décrochage étudiant connait des ramifications directes vers les problématiques spécifiques liées à l’échec scolaire. La présente étude a pour objectif d’appréhender le décrochage d’étudiants de la première année de la licence, d’en étudier le processus afin de le comprendre, offrir ainsi une réponse adéquate à ce phénomène. Nous avons admis que le décrochage universitaire relève davantage du processuel et non de l’événementiel, et qu’il ne se réduit pas aux caractéristiques d’entrée de l’étudiant à l’université. Il est aussi influencé par des variables individuelles et/ou des variables contextuelles, ainsi que par l’interaction entre elle. Pour vérifier certains de ces éléments nous avons adopté une approche systémique à double supports : le questionnaire (783 répondants) et l’entretien semi-directif (8 interviewés). Les réponses à ces interrogations ont démontré que le décrochage étudiant est un phénomène multidimensionnel et processuel. L’interprétation des résultats à l’aide de la modélisation n’ont permis de catégoriser et de tracer les figures des décrocheurs. / The questioning around the phenomenon of student drop-out has direct ramifications towards the specific problems linked to school failure. The objective of this study is to understand the drop-out of students in the first year of the bachelor’s degree, to study the process in order to understand it, and to propose ways to shed light on this phenomenon. We have admitted that university drop-out is more a process than an event, and that it is not reduced to the student’s entry characteristics to university. It is also influenced by individual variables and/or contextual variables, as well as by the interaction between them. To verify some of these elements, we adopted a two-pronged systemic approach: the questionnaire (783 respondents) and the semi-directive interview (8 interviewees). The responses obtained demonstrated that student drop-out is a multidimensional and process-oriented phenomenon. The interpretation of the results using modeling did not allow the figures of dropouts to be categorized and traced.