Žmogaus teisė į laisvę yra fundamentali, prigimtinė, konstitucinė jo teisė. Ją saugo Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucija, įstatymai bei tarptautinio pobūdžio teisės aktai, tokie kaip Europos žmogaus teisių ir pagrindinių laisvių apsaugos konvencija. Minėti teisės aktai šią teisę ne tik įtvirtina, bet ir nurodo, kokiu pagrindu ir kokia tvarka valstybės institucijos gali ją riboti. Kardomoji priemonė suėmimas yra laikinas teisėtas laisvės atėmimas. Ikiteisminio tyrimo stadijoje gali būti suimamas tik vienas baudžiamojo proceso dalyvis – įtariamasis. Įtariamuoju asmuo tampa, kai jis sulaikomas įtariant, kad jis padarė nusikalstamą veiką; arba apklausiamas apie veiką, kurios padarymu jis yra įtariamas; arba kai yra šaukiamas į apklausą kai jam yra surašytas pranešimas apie įtarimą. Taip pat kai asmuo slapstosi ar jo buvimo vieta nežinoma, įtariamuoju jis pripažįstamas prokuroro nutartimi ar ikiteisminio tyrimo teisėjo nutartimi bei kai yra tenkinamas specialaus liudytojo prašymas pripažinti jį įtariamuoju. Sulig tapimo įtariamuoju momentu galima asmenį suimti. Nuo suėmimo momento įtariamasis tampa suimamuoju, ir įgyja tam tikras specifines teises, kurios egzistuoja šios kardomosios priemonės skyrimo metu. Pirmoji laiko atžvelgiu yra suimamo įtariamojo teisė per 48 valandas būti pristatytam pas kompetentingą ikiteisminio tyrimo teisėją apklausai dėl suėmimo pagrįstumo, kuri savyje talpina du aspektus: skubų pristatymą bei kad tik nepriklausomas ir nešališkas teisėjas gali spręsti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Human right to freedom is a fundamental, inherent, constitutional right. It is protected by the Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania, the laws and the international character of the legislation, such as the European Convention on Human Rights. That legislation not only states but also indicate on what basis, and the manner in which state authorities may be limited. Supervision measure is temporary legal custody to a prison term. On pre-trial stage, only one participant in the criminal process may be arrested - the suspect. A person becomes a suspect when he is detained suspected, that he made an offense, or heard about the act, which act he is suspected, or when summoned to the hearing when it is drawn up on suspicion. It is also when the person absconded and his whereabouts are unknown, it is suspected or recognized as a prosecutor has ordered or investigating judge has ordered; and when it is satisfied in the special request for the witness to make him under suspicion. At the becoming as a suspect, at the same time a person can be arrested. From the moment of arrest the suspect becomes ,,being arrested’’, and acquire some specific rights that exist in this pre-trial supervision measures in the appointment. The first right within 48 hours to be delivered to the competent investigating judge for questioning the validity of the arrest, which itself contains two elements: the immediate delivery and that only an independent and impartial judge can address the issues of... [to full text]

Constitution provides inviolability of human rights and freedoms as fundamental value of modern civilization. Human rights and freedoms, however, should not be treated as absolute or immovable category. What should be realized and always emphasized is that any person has not only rights, but also obligations, which means that interests of individual can be lawfully defended only with due regard to the relevant rights of another person. If someone fails to respect and violates human rights of another person, then he renounces relevant part of his rights. And this may become a legitimate ground for restriction of the rights of offender. This paper doesn’t refer to restriction of human rights as a result of the effective judgment of conviction, but to situations, where the person is in detention, under arrest or his other rights are restricted because of being reasonably suspected of the criminal offence or there are reasonable grounds to believe that the person who committed criminal offence might flee or impede investigation, i.e. refers to measures of compulsion exercised by the State. One of such measures of compulsion are measures of constraint. This is the strictest form of compulsion exercised by the State in respect of individual, on whom punishment has not yet been imposed. This paper doesn’t make any detailed analysis of the grounds for or procedure of infliction thereof, as they are thoroughly and clearly regulated by the law on criminal procedure. This paper seeks... [to full text]