Among the materials that can be treated in order to impart superhydrophobic properties are many originally hydrophilic metals. For this, they must undergo a sequential treatment, including roughening and hydrophobic coating. This contribution presents various preparation routes along with various characterization methods, such as dynamic contact angle (DCA) measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and spectroscopic techniques (FT–IRRAS, XPS, EIS). Micro-rough surfaces of pure and alloyed aluminum were generated most easily by using a modifie Sulfuric Acid Anodization under Intensifie conditions (SAAi). This produces a micro-mountain-like oxide morphology with peak-to-valley heights of 2 μm and sub-μm roughness components. Additionally, micro-embossed and micro-blasted surfaces were investigated. These micro-roughened initial states were chemically modifie with a solution of a hydrophobic compound, such as the reactive f uoroalkylsilane PFATES, the reactive alkyl group containing polymer POMA, or the polymer Teflo ® AF. Alternatively, the chemical modificatio was made by a Hot Filament Chemical Vapor Deposition (HFCVD) of a PTFE layer. The latter can form a considerably higher thickness than the wet-deposited coatings, without detrimental leveling effects being observed in comparison with the original micro-rough surface. The inherent and controllable morphology of the PTFE layers represents an important feature. The impacts of a standardized artificia weathering (WTH) on the wetting behavior and the surface-chemical properties were studied and discussed in terms of possible damage mechanisms. A very high stability of the superhydrophobicity was observed for the f uorinated wet-deposited PFATES and Teflo ® AF coatings as well as for some of the PTFE layer variants, all on SAAi-pretreated substrates. Very good results were also obtained for specimens produced by appropriate mechanical roughening and PTFE coating.

Cette thèse porte sur la fonctionnalisation de surface par microstructuration laser. L’étude expérimentale a consisté à texturer des surfaces d’acier inoxydable avec une source laser impulsionnelle à fibre dopée Yb (1030 nm, 300 fs), dans le but de contrôler leur mouillabilité et de les rendre superhydrophobes. Par une optimisation des conditions d’irradiation, il est possible de conférer à la surface une structuration à double échelle de rugosité. Des structures d’une dizaine de micromètres sont réalisées par ablations successives selon un motif de lignes croisées, sur lesquelles se forment des nanostructures auto-organisées. La simulation du couplage de l’énergie dans la cible a permis de déterminer les paramètres opératoires pour limiter l’accumulation thermique en surface. L’étude fait clairement apparaître le rôle de la texturation dans l’apparition du caractère superhydrophobe de la surface, tout en soulignant l’influence des propriétés physico-chimiques du matériau. / This PhD thesis is about surface functionalization by laser microstructuring. The experimental study consists in texturing stainless steel surfaces with a pulsed Yb fibre laser source (1030 nm, 300 fs), in order to control their wettability and confer to them superhydrophobic properties. With an optimization of the irradiating conditions on the target, it is possible to confer to the surface a dual-scale roughness. By successive ablations according to a pattern of crossed lines, microstructures in the range of tens of micrometres are realized, on which self-organized nanostructures are superimposed. Simulation of the energy coupling in the material allows to determine the process parameters to be used, in order to limit the thermal accumulation and avoid the melting of the surface. This study reveals the role of the laser texturing in the apparition of the superhydrophobic character and emphasizes the influence of the physicochemical properties of the material.