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Yes / Purpose Medicine shortages have a detrimental impact on stakeholders in the pharmaceutical supply chain (PSC). Existing studies suggest that building resilience strategies can mitigate the effects of these shortages. As such, this research aims to examine whether resilience strategies can reduce the impact of medicine shortages in the United Kingdom's (UK) PSC. Design/methodology/approach A sequential mixed-methods approach that involved qualitative and quantitative research enquiry was employed in this study. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews with 23 key UK PSC actors at the qualitative stage. During the quantitative phase, 106 respondents completed the survey questionnaires. The data were analysed using partial least square-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Findings The results revealed that reactive and proactive elements of resilience strategies helped tackle medicine shortages. Reactive strategies increased relational issues such as behavioural uncertainty, whilst proactive strategies mitigated them. Practical implications The findings suggest that PSC managers and decision-makers can benefit from adopting structural flexibility and proactive strategies, which are cost-effective measures to tackle medicine shortages. Also engaging in strategic alliances as a proactive strategy mitigates relational issues that may arise in a complex supply chain (SC). Originality/value This study is the first to provide empirical evidence of the impact of resilience strategies in mitigating medicine shortages in the UK's PSC.

LD2668 .T4 1966 C73 / Master of Science

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1979 C64 / Master of Science

A literature study was done on the concepts of purchasing and supply management to develop a framework of purchasing and supply management in a mine. A questionnaire was designed, based on the findings in the literature, and to assist to develop a framework of sustainable purchasing and supply management process and procedure towards value creation in a mine. The state of the internal purchasing and supply management process and procedures was assessed through a survey questionnaire to extract the data. The elements of procurement and supply management were broken down into clear activities towards the creation of value in a mine. The key area of concern is to ensure adherence to proper processes and procedures to create an environment that is conducive towards the objectives of the mine and install a mechanism that is measurable. The focus on procurement and supply management towards value creation has became the key determining factor in the mine. A practical development framework of sustainable purchasing and supply management manage towards value is proposed for a mine and to address the gaps found after analysing the questionnaires. The findings of the empirical study and the literature review were used as the basis of the framework. In this thesis the main focus was Purchasing and Supply Management process and procedures, and Contract Management. The relationship between procurement in the supply chain management process and its functional departments is critical towards sustainable development and value creation. Purchasing and Supply Management are one of the key value drivers in a mine and in particular assisting with governance of purchasing activities which contribute significance towards value adding and cost. Finally, conclusions and recommendations are drawn and rendered in order to develop a framework of purchasing and supply management in a mine. / MBA, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

The current study assesses the impact of health and education on labour force participation in Botswana using time series data from 1982-2007. To achieve this, stationary test; Johansson Co integration test and multi-collinearity test were conducted before using a dynamic ordinary feast square estimation. There are three labour force participation estimates each ·with four different models. These include: male, female and total labour force participation rate. The .findings were as follows: firstly, an increase of primary school enrolment reduces female participation in the labour force but increases the male participation rate. This increase in male participation rate could be as a result of size of male participants in the labour force or because of their role in the family, especially in the African settings. Secondly, an increase in contemporaneous education expenditure increases both female labour force participation and the total labour force participation rate but reduces their participation in the short-run. Thirdly, the study also shows that an increase in contemporaneous health expenditure increases male participation rate and reduces male participation rate in the long-run while overall labour force participation rate increases in the long-run. Finally. given the importance of health and education on labour force participation rate in Botswana, the study asserts that it is of paramount importance for government to incorporate strategies that encourage citizens to recognise the need to maintain good health and education. In absence of such interventions, Botswana might find it difficult to achieve most of her vision 2016 and MDG 's goals. / Thesis (M.Com.(Economics) North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2012

A literature study was done on the concepts of purchasing and supply management to develop a framework of purchasing and supply management in a mine. A questionnaire was designed, based on the findings in the literature, and to assist to develop a framework of sustainable purchasing and supply management process and procedure towards value creation in a mine. The state of the internal purchasing and supply management process and procedures was assessed through a survey questionnaire to extract the data. The elements of procurement and supply management were broken down into clear activities towards the creation of value in a mine. The key area of concern is to ensure adherence to proper processes and procedures to create an environment that is conducive towards the objectives of the mine and install a mechanism that is measurable. The focus on procurement and supply management towards value creation has became the key determining factor in the mine. A practical development framework of sustainable purchasing and supply management manage towards value is proposed for a mine and to address the gaps found after analysing the questionnaires. The findings of the empirical study and the literature review were used as the basis of the framework. In this thesis the main focus was Purchasing and Supply Management process and procedures, and Contract Management. The relationship between procurement in the supply chain management process and its functional departments is critical towards sustainable development and value creation. Purchasing and Supply Management are one of the key value drivers in a mine and in particular assisting with governance of purchasing activities which contribute significance towards value adding and cost. Finally, conclusions and recommendations are drawn and rendered in order to develop a framework of purchasing and supply management in a mine. / MBA, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

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