Objetivo: Investigar a efetividade da cirurgia de retalho faríngeo (RF) e da palatoplastia secundária com veloplastia intravelar (VI) na correção da insuficiência velofaríngea (IVF) e comparar os resultados pós-cirúrgicos de hipernasalidade, hiponasalidade, nasalância e grau de fechamento velofaríngeo entre as duas cirurgias. Material e Métodos: Estudo conduzido no Laboratório de Fisiologia do HRAC-USP, em 78 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 6 e 52 anos (21±10 anos, em média), com fissura de palato±lábio, já submetidos à correção cirúrgica da IVF há 14 meses, em média, sendo 40 pacientes com RF e 38 com VI. A hipernasalidade e a hiponasalidade foram classificadas perceptivamente por três fonoaudiólogas a partir de amostra de fala gravada. A nasalância foi determinada por meio da nasometria e o fechamento velofaríngeo foi aferido a partir da medida da área do orifício velofaríngeo obtida por meio da avaliação aerodinâmica. Diferenças entre as duas técnicas foram consideradas estatisticamente significantes ao nível de 5%. Resultados: Verificou-se ausência de hipernasalidade em 35% e 70% dos casos e, presença de hiponasalidade em 10% e 25% dos pacientes com RF, de acordo com a avaliação perceptiva da fala e a nasometria, respectivamente e, fechamento velofaríngeo adequado em 80% dos casos, de acordo com a avaliação aerodinâmica. Nos pacientes com VI, ausência de hipernasalidade foi verificada em 29% e 34% e hiponasalidade foi detectada em 3% dos casos, respectivamente na avaliação perceptiva da fala e na nasometria e, fechamento velofaríngeo adequado foi observado em 50% dos pacientes. Conclusão: O retalho faríngeo foi mais eficiente que a palatoplastia secundária com veloplastia intravelar na eliminação dos sintomas da IVF. / Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of pharyngeal flap surgery (PFS) and the secondary palatoplasty with intravelar veloplasty (IV) for velopharyngeal insufficiency management (VPI) as well as to compare the postoperative outcome of hypernasality, hyponasality, nasalance and velopharyngeal closure between the two surgeries. Methods: Study conducted at the Laboratory of Physiology, HRAC-USP, on 78 individuals of both genders, aged between 6 and 52 years (21±10 years, on average), with cleft palate±lip , underwent surgical management of IVF for 14 months on average, 40 patients with RF and 38 with IV. Hypernasality and hyponasality were perceptually rated by three speech pathologists using recorded speech samples. Nasalance was determined by means of nasometry and velopharyngeal closure was assessed by means of velopharyngeal orifice area measurement provided by pressure-flow studies. Differences between the two techniques were considered statistically significant at 5%. Results: Absence of hypernasality was observed in 35% and 70% of the cases, and presence of hyponasality in 10% and 25% of the patients submitted to RF, according to the perceptual speech assessment and nasometry, respectively, and adequate velopharyngeal closure was observed in 80% of the cases, according to the aerodynamic evaluation. Absence of hypernasality in patients submitted to VI, was observed in 29% and 34%, and hyponasality was detected in 3% of the cases, respectively according to the perceptual speech assessment and nasometry, and adequate velopharyngeal closure was observed in 50% of these patients. Conclusion: The pharyngeal flap surgery was more efficient than the secondary palatoplasty with intravelar veloplasty regarding the elimination of IVF symptoms.

Objetivo: Investigar a efetividade da cirurgia de retalho faríngeo (RF) e da palatoplastia secundária com veloplastia intravelar (VI) na correção da insuficiência velofaríngea (IVF) e comparar os resultados pós-cirúrgicos de hipernasalidade, hiponasalidade, nasalância e grau de fechamento velofaríngeo entre as duas cirurgias. Material e Métodos: Estudo conduzido no Laboratório de Fisiologia do HRAC-USP, em 78 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 6 e 52 anos (21±10 anos, em média), com fissura de palato±lábio, já submetidos à correção cirúrgica da IVF há 14 meses, em média, sendo 40 pacientes com RF e 38 com VI. A hipernasalidade e a hiponasalidade foram classificadas perceptivamente por três fonoaudiólogas a partir de amostra de fala gravada. A nasalância foi determinada por meio da nasometria e o fechamento velofaríngeo foi aferido a partir da medida da área do orifício velofaríngeo obtida por meio da avaliação aerodinâmica. Diferenças entre as duas técnicas foram consideradas estatisticamente significantes ao nível de 5%. Resultados: Verificou-se ausência de hipernasalidade em 35% e 70% dos casos e, presença de hiponasalidade em 10% e 25% dos pacientes com RF, de acordo com a avaliação perceptiva da fala e a nasometria, respectivamente e, fechamento velofaríngeo adequado em 80% dos casos, de acordo com a avaliação aerodinâmica. Nos pacientes com VI, ausência de hipernasalidade foi verificada em 29% e 34% e hiponasalidade foi detectada em 3% dos casos, respectivamente na avaliação perceptiva da fala e na nasometria e, fechamento velofaríngeo adequado foi observado em 50% dos pacientes. Conclusão: O retalho faríngeo foi mais eficiente que a palatoplastia secundária com veloplastia intravelar na eliminação dos sintomas da IVF. / Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of pharyngeal flap surgery (PFS) and the secondary palatoplasty with intravelar veloplasty (IV) for velopharyngeal insufficiency management (VPI) as well as to compare the postoperative outcome of hypernasality, hyponasality, nasalance and velopharyngeal closure between the two surgeries. Methods: Study conducted at the Laboratory of Physiology, HRAC-USP, on 78 individuals of both genders, aged between 6 and 52 years (21±10 years, on average), with cleft palate±lip , underwent surgical management of IVF for 14 months on average, 40 patients with RF and 38 with IV. Hypernasality and hyponasality were perceptually rated by three speech pathologists using recorded speech samples. Nasalance was determined by means of nasometry and velopharyngeal closure was assessed by means of velopharyngeal orifice area measurement provided by pressure-flow studies. Differences between the two techniques were considered statistically significant at 5%. Results: Absence of hypernasality was observed in 35% and 70% of the cases, and presence of hyponasality in 10% and 25% of the patients submitted to RF, according to the perceptual speech assessment and nasometry, respectively, and adequate velopharyngeal closure was observed in 80% of the cases, according to the aerodynamic evaluation. Absence of hypernasality in patients submitted to VI, was observed in 29% and 34%, and hyponasality was detected in 3% of the cases, respectively according to the perceptual speech assessment and nasometry, and adequate velopharyngeal closure was observed in 50% of these patients. Conclusion: The pharyngeal flap surgery was more efficient than the secondary palatoplasty with intravelar veloplasty regarding the elimination of IVF symptoms.

Background: Subcapsular hematoma of the liver is a potentially life-threatening but extremely rare condition. It is often caused by a blunt trauma or other predisposing conditions such as a liver tumor, intra-tumor hemorrhage, surgery, preeclampsia, liver biopsy, and hemodialysis. Predisposing causes of liver hematoma include its large size and proximity to fixed structures. To date, there have been no reported cases of subcapsular liver hematoma caused by tight clothing such as corsets. Our case report is about an extremely rare case of subcapsular hematoma of the liver caused by wearing a tight faja corset in a young healthy female. Case presentation: A forty-five-year-old Spanish female without any underlying health problems presented with sudden onset epigastric and right upper quadrant abdominal pain after wearing a faja corset the night prior to the hospital presentation. CT abdomen was noted for subcapsular hematoma of the liver. Her symptoms persisted and repeat CT abdomen showing worsening of the liver hematoma. Patient had interventional radiology (IR) guided drainage and was subsequently discharged home. Conclusions: Subscapular liver hematomas need to be considered in patients presenting with acute onset abdominal pain after wearing certain tight clothing. The necessity of an early and accurate diagnosis is vital for management as hemodynamically stable patients can be managed conservatively. Our patient was managed with IR-guided aspiration drainage of the hematoma. Surgery can be considered a last resort in case of life-threatening hemodynamic instability, peritoneal signs, free abdominal fluid, and failure of arterial embolization. Our case highlights the importance of early recognition of traumatic subcapsular hematomas to prevent life-threatening complications.

Magister Public Health - MPH / Children in developing countries are now receiving both surgical and catheter-based interventions for the repair of congenital heart defects. Despite the technically advanced treatment options and improved survival rates of children with congenital heart defects, little is known about the experiences and challenges of primary caregivers whilst taking care of their child after a cardiac intervention in South Africa. This exploratory, descriptive study used a qualitative research approach to describe some of the key experiences of eight primary caregivers as they took care of their child in their home environment following a cardiac interventional procedure.

No description available.