Östersunds kommun behövde höjddata inför planeringen av ett nytt bostads- och rekreationsområde som kallas Storsjö strand där en ny fördjupad översiktplan tagits fram. Syftet med examensarbetet var att skapa en digital höjdmodell över en del av området. Mätningar med Leica GNSS-utrustning samt totalstation utfördes under några dagar.  Höjddatat levererades till kommunen. En triangelmodell skapades och en karta med höjdkurvor togs även fram för att visualisera arbetet. En del felkällor kan ha haft inverkan på resultatet såsom tjälen i marken och eventuellt några enstaka flervägsfel, men vi anser ändå att resultatet är tillräckligt för en första översiktlig planering.

Thesis (doctoral)--K. Technische Hochschule zu München. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--Florida State University, 2004. / Advisor: Dr. Glen Doran, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Anthropology. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed June 21,2004). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Professional Degree)--University of Missouri, School of Mines and Metallurgy, 1922. / On title page: "Assistants R.O. Erickson and W.S. Frame". The entire thesis text is included in file. Typescript. Illustrated by author. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed March 8, 2010)

Creating three dimensional digital representations of urban areas, also known as 3D city modelling, is essential in many applications, such as urban planning, radio frequency signal propagation, flight simulation and vehicle navigation, which are of increasing importance in modern society urban centres. The main aim of the thesis is the development of a semi-automated, innovative workflow for creating 3D city models using aerial photographs and LiDAR data collected from various airborne sensors. The complexity of this aim necessitates the development of an efficient and reliable way to progress from manually intensive operations to an increased level of automation. The proposed methodology exploits the combination of different datasets, also known as data fusion, to achieve reliable results in different study areas. Data fusion techniques are used to combine linear features, extracted from aerial photographs, with either LiDAR data or any other source available including Very Dense Digital Surface Models (VDDSMs). The research proposes a method which employs a semi automated technique for 3D city modelling by fusing LiDAR if available or VDDSMs with 3D linear features extracted from stereo pairs of photographs. The building detection and the generation of the building footprint is performed with the use of a plane fitting algorithm on the LiDAR or VDDSMs using conditions based on the slope of the roofs and the minimum size of the buildings. The initial building footprint is subsequently generalized using a simplification algorithm that enhances the orthogonality between the individual linear segments within a defined tolerance. The final refinement of the building outline is performed for each linear segment using the filtered stereo matched points with a least squares estimation. The digital reconstruction of the roof shapes is performed by implementing a least squares-plane fitting algorithm on the classified VDDSMs, which is restricted by the building outlines, the minimum size of the planes and the maximum height tolerance between adjacent 3D points. Subsequently neighbouring planes are merged using Boolean operations for generation of solid features. The results indicate very detailed building models. Various roof details such as dormers and chimneys are successfully reconstructed in most cases.

The advent of the Global Positioning System (GPS) meant that, for the first time, the geodetic and geophysical community has a tool for measurements on a global, continental and national scale. Global GPS networks are already competing with VLBI and SLR for the measurement of inter-continental baselines and earth rotation parameters. The development of the 'high accuracy fiducial GPS technique', as described in this thesis, has produced results comparable with mobile VLBI and SLR systems, but in shorter observational periods and at lower costs. Combined with global GPS networks, which have the potential to provide time-tagged fiducial station coordinates at the observational epochs, coordinates can be determined in a global reference frame. The results in this thesis, from a fiducial GPS campaign to monitor the vertical land movement at tide gauge sites in the UK, demonstrate that millimetric precisions and accuracies can be obtained in all three components over baselines of hundreds of kilometers. The combination of GPS with existing 2-d classical triangulation networks for mapping, engineering surveying and navigation has caused many problems, since the GPS observations are 3-d and of a superior quality. In Europe these problems have been overcome by the establishment of a new high precision reference framework, EUREF, based on fiducial GPS carried out in 1989. This thesis also describes the determination of coordinates for the UK EUREF stations and their application for geodetic control in Great Britain.

No description available.

Målet med detta examensarbete var att jag skulle omvandla mina teoretiska kunskaper inom mätning till praktiska färdigheter. Resultatet blev denna skriftliga rapport, en muntlig presentation och en poster. Jag gjorde mitt examensarbete hos Svenska Mätcenter AB. Projektet hette KK4 och innefattade kulsinterverk, utfrakt och bangård på LKAB:s anläggning i Kiruna. Svenska Mätcenter AB var även utsättare nere i gruvan där LKAB drev en ny väg. Under mitt examensarbete var jag runt på alla delarna av projektet för att lära mig så mycket som möjligt. När mina fem veckors praktik var över hade jag lärt mig en hel del om mätning i allmänhet och byggmätning i synnerhet. De områden där mina kunskaper ökade mest var inom toleranser, kvalitetssäkring, tunnel- och gruvmätning och maskinstyrning. En relationsritning över bultgrupperna vid drivstationen skapades för att kontrollera att de låg inom toleranserna. Den slutsats jag har dragit är att all kunskap man får inom skolan är bara en bråkdel av vad man kommer att lära sig när man börjar jobba. Men det är en bra bas att stå på.

This thesis will deal with the hydrographic survey of the BC coast and the international boundary settlement conducted by HM ships Plumper, Satellite, and Hecate from 1857 to 1863. It will examine the geo-political importance of the pursuit of "knowledge as power" in light of American expansionism and the utilisation of the surveyors as a significant force of law and order; their importance to the social and commercial development of BC; and their contribution to the safety of navigation and the exploration of the BC coast.