This thesis project is a contribution to addressing the pressing need for sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels and traditional plastics. The work focuses on enzymatic saccharification of microalgae biomass to generate a sugar-rich stream as raw material for biofuels and bioplastics production. Microalgae and cyanobacteria are highlighted for their ability to convert CO2 into valuable biomass components in the presence of light.  To enhance biomass conversion efficiency, the enzymatic hydrolysis of microalgae and cyanobacteria is explored by utilizing various enzymes to break down complex polymers into valuable sugars. Additionally, the cultivation of cyanobacteria is studied to optimize the overall process. Results indicate challenges, such as measurement uncertainty and the need for biomass pretreatment, suggesting areas for further research.  The primary objective of this thesis work is to optimize enzymatic hydrolysis processes by determining the optimal combinations of enzymes, to enhance biomass conversion efficiency. It also underscores the importance of microorganisms in transitioning to a more environmentally friendly future by offering sustainable alternatives to conventional products.

Submitted by Rosina Valeria Lanzellotti Mattiussi Teixeira (rosina.teixeira@unisantos.br) on 2015-05-27T13:42:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Aretusa dos Santos de Siqueira.pdf: 9009635 bytes, checksum: 9c422ba9f7391ce8c701689aa216bf26 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-27T13:42:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aretusa dos Santos de Siqueira.pdf: 9009635 bytes, checksum: 9c422ba9f7391ce8c701689aa216bf26 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-08 / The present work aims to analyze the environmental aspects in public works contracts conducted through the bidding process, including the bulge in his quest for sustainability, establishing as State obligation to include environmental criteria for economy of natural resources. With its enormous power purchases and hires the State went on to act as a potential economic engine, assuming the responsibility for the formation of new markets more sustainable and ecologically correct, seeking alternatives ranging from recycling, saving water and energy, to the decrease of harmful gases to the environment. Apart from this contribution to the environment through public signings, this research will also analyze the issue of environmental liability in the State about the environmental damage arising from their employment under the auspices of the triple responsibility (civil, administrative and criminal law) provided for in our Magna Carta. / O presente trabalho tem a finalidade de analisar os aspectos ambientais nas contratações de obras públicas realizadas através do procedimento licitatório, incluindo em seu bojo a busca pela sustentabilidade, estabelecendo como obrigação Estatal a inclusão de critérios ambientais para economia dos recursos naturais. Com seu enorme poder de compras e contratações o Estado passou a atuar como um potencial agente econômico, assumindo consequentemente a responsabilidade pela formação de novos mercados mais sustentáveis e ecologicamente corretos, buscando alternativas que vão desde a reciclagem, economia de água e energia, até a diminuição de gases nocivos ao meio ambiente. Além dessa contribuição com o meio ambiente através das contratações públicas, a presente pesquisa também analisará a questão da responsabilidade ambiental do Estado sobre os danos ambientais decorrente de suas contratações, sob a égide da tríplice responsabilização (cível, administrativa e penal) prevista em nossa Carta Magna.