Urban planning needs to address the future role of transport infrastructure in cities. Due to previous planning ideals, our cities consist of transport networks that stand in conflict with ambitions to create dense and multifunctional urban environments, decrease pollution, and create safe urban space. Here, the urban street is a measure that enables new multifunctional solutions for transport infrastructures. This thesis, therefore, investigates street redevelopment projects in relation to the Swedish planning process, which is assessed through five case studies of street redevelopment projects in Swedish cities. Interviews combined with a desktop study are utilised as methods. The theoretical framework of obduracy and socio-technical transitions is applied to understand the mechanisms behind the hindering- and enabling factors present in the projects.  Our results show that hindering factors exist on the interpersonal scale in the projects between planners and planning departments, internally within the municipalities between planning organisation and politics, and externally between different actor groups such as public and state actors. Hindering factors are also identified in the physical infrastructure and historical context of the streets where older planning ideals still influence the physical and societal preconditions of the street networks. These factors slowed down the planning processes and led to compromises in aim and vision. It is not evident that the formal planning process should change in order to overcome these obstacles. Rather, it is the cooperation and coordination between actors that mainly determines the functionality of the process. Successful strategies in the projects have been; anchoring projects in municipal goals, combining incorporating different urban planning aspects and departments, municipalities as main actors, carefully assessing the location and context and integrating street redevelopment projects with broader development projects.

Det finns tydliga synergier mellan transportsystemet, klimatpåverkan och folkhälsa. Detta skulle transportplaneringen kunna använda till sin fördel för en mer hållbar planering för att åstadkomma en förflyttning från personbilen till hållbara och aktiva transporter i linjer med uppsatta globala och nationella målsättningar. Trots detta kritiseras transportplaneringen för att inte beakta folkhälsa i tillräckligt stor utsträckning, med risk för försämrad välfärd, ökade samhällsklyftor och försämrad folkhälsa som konsekvens. Den här uppsatsen har kartlagt hur kommunala och regionala aktörer arbetar för en förflyttning till aktiva transporter, vilken roll folkhälsoperspektivet har i planeringen samt hur aktörerna förhåller sig till planeringsverktyg och hälsoekonomiska beräkningar för att synliggöra och beakta transportsystemets hälsoeffekter.  Fallen Lidingö stad tillsammans med Region Stockholm och Lunds kommun tillsammans med Region Skåne har studerats genom en intervju- och dokumentstudie. Resvanedata har analyserats för att förstå nuvarande omfattning samt potential för aktiva transporter. Vidare har det samhällsekonomiska värdet av aktiva transporter beräknats som konsekvens av den ökade fysisk aktivitet som genererats. Detta har beräknats med hjälp av Världshälsoorganisationens Health Economic Assessment Tool.  Uppsatsen visar att det finns utrymme att öka andelen aktiva transporter på kortare resor då personbilen utgör 11–22 procent av färdmedelsfördelningen på resor upp till 2,5 kilometer och 49–55 procent på resor mellan 2,5–8 kilometer. Antal sparade liv genom aktiva resor, skulle kunna öka med 45–100 procent om en fullständig förflyttning skulle ske, motsvarande ett betydande samhällsekonomiskt värde.  Kartläggningen visar även att synergierna mellan transportsystemet, klimatpåverkan och folkhälsa inte tas tillvara fullt ut idag och att det finns möjlighet att bredda förståelsen för hållbar transportplanering genom att koppla denna till folkhälsa. Dagens planering uppvisar flera brister när det gäller att beakta folkhälsoperspektivet och missar möjligheter att stärka folkhälsans roll. Bristerna skulle kunna elimineras genom utvecklade målsättningar med ett holistiskt förhållningssätt, utvecklade tvärsektoriella samarbeten samt genom ökad involvering. För att beakta hälsoeffekter i planeringsprocessen behöver planeringsverktyg tas fram och implementeras samt behöver kunskapsnivån om effektsambanden stärkas för att beslutsfattare också ska våga agera utifrån ett folkhälsoperspektiv. / There are clear synergies between the transport system, climate change, and public health. This could be used as an advantage in transport planning for more sustainable planning in order to achieve a major shift from the passenger car to sustainable and active transportation in line with global and national goals. Transport planning is however criticized for not taking public health into account to a sufficient extent with subsequent deteriorating welfare, increasing societal gaps, and deteriorating public health as consequences. Therefore, this thesis has investigated how municipal and regional actors work to achieve a shift toward active transportation, what role the public health perspective has in the planning process, and what the actors think of including planning tools and health economic assessments in order to take health effects of the transport system into account.  The cases of Lidingö municipality together with the region of Stockholm and Lunds municipality together with the region of Skåne have been studied through an interview and document study. Travel habit data have been analyzed to understand the current scope and potential for active transportation. Furthermore, the socio-economic value of active transportation has been calculated on the basis of the level of physical activity it generates. This has been done by using the World Health Organization’s Health Economic Assessment Tool.  The thesis shows that there is room to increase the proportion of active transport on shorter trips, as the passenger car makes up 11–22 percent of trips up to 2,5 kilometers and 49–55 percent for trips between 2,5–8 kilometers. The number of lives saved through active transportation could increase by 45–100 percent if a complete shift was to take place, corresponding to a significant socio-economic value.  The thesis also shows that the synergies between the transport system, climate change, and public health are not fully utilized today and that there is possible to broaden the understanding of sustainable transport planning by linking this to public health. Today’s planning also shows several shortcomings considering the public health perspectives and missing opportunities to strengthen the role of public health. The shortcomings could be eliminated through further developed objectives with a holistic approach, developed cross-sectional collaborations, and increased involvement. In order to take health effects into account in the planning process, planning tools need to be developed and implemented, and the knowledge about the relationship between cause and effect needs to be strengthened so that decision-makers to an increased degree could act from a public health perspective.