The new proposed building Leisure time centre Brno is to create a dignified place for leisure activities, especially for water sports and more attractive place around the Brno dam. Rowing sport has a long tradition near Brno and also today there are two rowing clubs and this sport is in great demand. The new center will offer more options, greater capacity and more advanced technology. The basic idea of architectural design is to incorporate the object into the environment so as not to interfere with the character of the surrounding landscape and doesn‘t protrude from the surrounding buildings. Leisure time centre consists of two buildings, rowing club and accommodation for students. Both objects are separated by different shapes . The building of Rowing Club consists of four masses whose shape is inspired s of rowing sport, especially shape of oars. There was effort to create an architectural form that will be close to the sport, its curves will be resemble the motion, grace and speed…..they are characteristics of rowing sport. In the building is located restaurant, administrative part, sports part and boathouse. Accommodation for students is in the form of rails, offers accommodation for students who represent their faculty in the rowing sport.

The goal is to design and to implement a library for developing Java applications controlled over WWW. This library provides a virtual graphical user interface and it implements the network communication with a real remote graphical user interface. The remote graphical user interface is implemented as a Java applet. The proposed solution is based on the Remote Method Invocation (RMI) framework that provides the communication between the applet and the application running on the server.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(工学) / 乙第13089号 / 論工博第4150号 / 新制||工||1675(附属図書館) / (主査)教授 北川 進, 教授 杉野目 道紀, 教授 宮原 稔 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DGAM

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京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第24645号 / 工博第5151号 / 新制||工||1983(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科化学工学専攻 / (主査)准教授 渡邉 哲, 教授 佐野 紀彰, 教授 河瀬 元明 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DGAM

The main objective of this work is to design robust, fast, and practical controllers for gantry and tower cranes. The controllers are designed to transfer the load from point to point as fast as possible and, at the same time, the load swing is kept small during the transfer process and completely vanishes at the load destination. Moreover, variations of the system parameters, such as the cable length and the load weight, are also included. Practical considerations, such as the control action power, and the maximum acceleration and velocity, are taken into account. In addition, friction effects are included in the design using a friction-compensation technique. The designed controllers are based on two approaches. In the first approach, a gain-scheduling feedback controller is designed to move the load from point to point within one oscillation cycle without inducing large swings. The settling time of the system is taken to be equal to the period of oscillation of the load. This criterion enables calculation of the controller feedback gains for varying load weight and cable length. The position references for this controller are step functions. Moreover, the position and swing controllers are treated in a unified way. In the second approach, the transfer process and the swing control are separated in the controller design. This approach requires designing two controllers independently: an anti-swing controller and a tracking controller. The objective of the anti-swing controller is to reduce the load swing. The tracking controller is responsible for making the trolley follow a reference position trajectory. We use a PD-controller for tracking, while the anti-swing controller is designed using three different methods: (a) a classical PD controller, (b) two controllers based on a delayed-feedback technique, and (c) a fuzzy logic controller that maps the delayed-feedback controller performance. To validate the designed controllers, an experimental setup was built. Although the designed controllers work perfectly in the computer simulations, the experimental results are unacceptable due to the high friction in the system. This friction deteriorates the system response by introducing time delay, high steady-state error in the trolley and tower positions, and high residual load swings. To overcome friction in the tower-crane model, we estimate the friction, then we apply an opposite control action to cancel it. To estimate the friction force, we assume a mathematical model and estimate the model coefficients using an off-line identification technique using the method of least squares. With friction compensation, the experimental results are in good agreement with the computer simulations. The gain-scheduling controllers transfer the load smoothly without inducing an overshoot in the trolley position. Moreover, the load can be transferred in a time near to the optimal time with small swing angles during the transfer process. With full-state feedback, the crane can reach any position in the working environment without exceeding the system power capability by controlling the forward gain in the feedback loop. For large distances, we have to decrease this gain, which in turn slows the transfer process. Therefore, this approach is more suitable for short distances. The tracking-anti-swing control approach is usually associated with overshoots in the translational and rotational motions. These overshoots increase with an increase in the maximum acceleration of the trajectories . The transfer time is longer than that obtained with the first approach. However, the crane can follow any trajectory, which makes the controller cope with obstacles in the working environment. Also, we do not need to recalculate the feedback gains for each transfer distance as in the gain-scheduling feedback controller. / Ph. D.

Many people with multiple sclerosis (MS) have difficulty with walking, which can decrease their sense of mobility. Gait stability was investigated by studying stride parameters and head movements at preferred and fixed speeds in those with MS. First, walking gait data were recorded at preferred and fixed walking speeds from 19 individuals with MS and 19 controls. Traditional gait parameters were compared, as was swing foot to center of mass (CoM) timing at mid-swing. Second, walking gait data in healthy young adults (n=20) were recorded at preferred speed and while stepping over an obstacle. Study 2 developed novel swing definitions, measures of coordination between the swing foot and body CoM, and head movements as they pertain to field of view orientation during walking. Third, these novel measures were used to study the swing phase of walking in people with MS. The first investigation revealed that the MS group walked with lengthened dual support times across all speeds, but shortened swing time and altered swing foot timing at fixed speeds in comparison to controls. Those with MS adopted a gait strategy with increased dual support time, despite forcing changes to swing that may reduce gait stability. In the second investigation, novel measures of swing showed alterations to phases of swing and in coordination between the swing foot and CoM under different gait tasks. This study also showed that the field of view was closer to the body during obstacle condition steps compared with unobstructed gait. In the third study, these novel measures showed that at all speeds the MS group shortened early swing and lengthened mid swing while late swing remained unchanged compared with controls. Coordination measures illustrated adaptations in swing foot dynamics that may partially ameliorate altered swing foot timing. The MS group oriented the field of view closer to the body earlier in swing compared with controls. Those with MS have functionally adapted swing to increase time over the stance foot and rely more on visual perception, yet shorter early swing may afford fewer opportunities to plan a step or cope with gait disturbances while walking.

An experimental pressure swing adsorption unit has been constructed and used to investigate the separation of carbon dioxide from carbon dioxide enriched air using both an activated carbon and a type 5A molecular sieve adsorbent. Continuous, cyclic operation was achievedusing a pair of fixed bed adsorbers. At any one time the feed gas entered one bed at a high pressure and part of the purified gas was returned to the other bed at a reduced pressure to provide countercurrent regeneration of the adsorbent. The beds of adsorbent used were each nominally 0.165m diameter and Im. deep. Separations were carried out at approximately ambient temperature using air flow rates in the range 0.15 to 0.95 kg/m2s and inlet carbon dioxide concentrations'in the range 0.1 to 1.5% v/v. Adsorption pressures of 2 to 6.4 bar were examined, the desorption pressure being maintained throughout at essentially 1.0 bar. The period time was varied from 30 to 900 seconds and the revert ratio (i. e. the ratio of the product gas returned for desorption to the total feed rate to the unit) was varied from 0 to 1.0. The carbon dioxide separation efficiency was found to increase markedly as the adsorption pressure and the revert ratio were increased whereas it was relatively insensitive to variations in feed rate and, more particularly, feed concentration. The performance of the molecular sieve adsorbent was found to be very sensitive to the presence of moisture in the feed gas. In contrast the carbon dioxide efficiencies observed with Lhe activated carbon were unaffected by the presence of small amounts (circa 100 ppm) of moisture in the feed. A theoretical model has been proposed for predicting the performance of pressure swing adsorption systems of the type investigated and approximate analytical equations and more precise numerical techniques have been established to represent its solution. The approximate analytical solutions were found to give close agreement with the more precise methods examined under conditions corresponding to low values of a dimensionless period time parameter. The proposed theoretical model incorporates an effective irean mass transfer coefficient to represent the diffusion process within the adsorbent particles. Methods for estimation of the value of this coefficient based on the limiting conditions of a periodic constant surface flux or a periodic constant surface concentration are presented. The experimental performance data were analysed in terms of the proposed analytical solution to give values of the apparent solid phase mass transfer coefficient for comparison with those predicted theoretically. In general the apparent experimental values were consistently less than the predicted values. In addition the relationship between the experimental and predicted coefficients was found to be dependent on both the nature of the adsorbent and a parameter formed by the product of the revert ratio and the adsorption to desorption pressure ratio. Empirical correlating equations which incorporate this dependence are presented.

Planning, scheduling and real time optimization (RTO) are currently implemented by using different types of models, which causes discrepancies between their results. This work presents a single model of a crude distillation unit (preflash, atmospheric, and vacuum towers) suitable for all of these applications, thereby eliminating discrepancies between models used in these decision processes. Hybrid model consists of volumetric and energy balances and partial least squares model for predicting product properties. Product TBP curves are predicted from feed TBP curve, operating conditions (flows, pumparound heat duties, furnace coil outlet temperatures). Simulated plant data and model testing have been based on a rigorous distillation model, with 0.5% RMSE over a wide range of conditions. Unlike previous works, we do not assume that (i) midpoint of a product TBP curve lies on the crude distillation curve, and (ii) midpoint between the back-end and front-end of the adjacent products lies on the crude distillation curves, since these assumptions do not hold in practice. Associated properties (e.g. gravity, sulfur) are computed for each product based on its distillation curve. Model structure makes it particularly amenable for development from plant data. High model accuracy and its linearity make it suitable for optimization of production plans or schedules. / Thesis / Master of Applied Science (MASc)

Introduction: Asymmetric gait is prevalent among older adults as well as in people with gait pathologies (e.g., Parkinson’s disease, following a stroke) and has been linked to a higher risk of falls. While a certain level of gait asymmetry is present in healthy young adults, the simulation of larger asymmetry in this population provides information about efficient strategies to regulate dynamic stability. Research investigating gait asymmetry has described spatiotemporal and kinematic strategies. However, limited information is available regarding changes in gait kinetics. Research objectives: This thesis aims to determine the gait control strategies utilized by young adults to regulate simulated gait asymmetry combined with different arm movement amplitude. We hypothesized that the hip joint would be the most affected by different arm swing conditions and asymmetric gait. We also hypothesized that asymmetric gait and active arm swing would lead to increased variability in the lower-limb movements. Methods: Fifteen healthy young adults (23.4±2.8 years, 7 Females) walked with three arm swing conditions (held, normal, and active) during symmetric and asymmetric walking conditions. The CAREN-extended System (Motek Medical, Amsterdam, NL) was used for data collection. Outcome measures included step length and width mean and variability (meanSD), vertical ground reaction forces, and lower-limb joint moment impulse mean and variability (meanSD) in the sagittal and frontal planes. Results: When comparing arm swing conditions, the active arm swing led to an increase in step width variability, vertical ground reaction forces, hip and knee variability in the sagittal plane, ankle abduction moment for the fast leg, as well as in knee variability in the frontal plane. As for gait symmetry, the asymmetric condition led to increased step width for the fast and slow legs and increased vertical ground reaction forces for the slow leg. The asymmetric condition further prompted adjustments in the frontal and sagittal planes, particularly at the ankle and hip joints during the braking phase, and in the knee joint during the propulsion phase phases when compared to the symmetric walking condition. Conclusion: Findings suggest that participants increased hip activity to control the effect of arm motion on the trunk to minimize adaptations in the lower-limb joints. The asymmetry condition demonstrated that participants searched for flexible lower-limb strategies aimed at minimizing bilateral differences between the fast and slow legs during asymmetric walking.