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Swiss Banks and their market entry in Brazil / Banks and their market entry strategySessa, Gionni January 2013 (has links)
In the global market in which many countries still struggle with the consequences of the financial crisis of 2008, many companies come to the conclusion that growth can be achieved through international marketing activities. This attitude poses big challenges to organization that want to enter the international arena, involving deciding which markets should be entered, how this should be done, through which marketing program and finally how to organize the marketing. International expansion poses risks as well as opportunities to businesses, and it is crucial for the organization to thoroughly evaluate the market in order to take a decision about the market entry strategy. Based on the case studies of Credit Suisse and UBS entering the Brazilian market, this thesis sought to study how Swiss banks entered the country and with what results. Based on an extensive literature review, the two cases have been presented and it was possible to demonstrate that great cultural difference and tight regulation suggest the entry through a merger or an acquisition.
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The impact of the Swiss-EU relationships on the Swiss banking secrecyBurkhard, Mike-David January 2012 (has links)
Switzerland and the European Union share common values and have peaceful and well functioning economic and political agreements. Nevertheless, the Swiss banking secrecy is definitely a thorn in the EU's flesh, especially because of tax fraud or money laundering. Since the existence of the Swiss banking secrecy it has been associated with holocaust money, tax evasion, potentates' money etc. and also has been confronted with espionage attacks by foreign authorities and various other disputes. Recent global events have shed light on the Swiss banking secrecy's wider international agenda. A newly debate about the Swiss banking secrecy started with the global economic crisis and the Euro crisis. Finally, not a day goes by where there is no report or article in the media regarding the banking secrecy, the Swiss banks and its issues concerning the European Union or the United States. This writing focuses on the relationship between Switzerland and the European Union which is affected by Swiss banking secrecy: By explaining the history and importance of the Switzerland as a financial centre, its banking secrecy and the differences to other systems, possible issues and conflicts can be outlined. This thesis covers existing issues with EU member states. What regulations and restrictions were enforced by the...
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Vilka faktorer påverkar lönsamheten hos banker med skilda ägarstrukturer? / What factors affect the profitability of banks with different ownership structures?Lundberg, Martin, Börjesson, Viktoria January 2020 (has links)
Banker är katalysatorn i det finansiella systemet och har en viktig roll för ekonomins tillväxt och för att människors välfärd ska kunna växa. Att en bank är lönsam är inte av vikt enbart för den enskilda banken, utan för hela samhället i stort. Runt om i världen finns många olika sorters banker, som drivs på olika sätt och har olika ägarkonstellationer. Affärsbanker i Sverige ägs av flera tusentals aktieägare och drivs på en operativ nivå av en utvald VD. På en organisatorisk nivå så utgörs beslutsfattandet istället av en utvald styrelse. I Schweiz finns banker med olika ägarstruktur, där en av associationsformerna är partnerskapsbanker. Dessa bedrivs av partners, ofta väldigt få (8–10 personer) som agerar styrelse, ägare och VD. Det finns tidigare studier som undersökt hur lönsamheten påverkas hos banker, där dessa studier har sett till hur utländskt, statligt och privatägande har påverkat bankernas lönsamhet. Dessa studier uppvisar emellertid motstridiga resultat. Denna studie valt att belysa två extremfall, det vill säga banker med starkt centrerat ägarstruktur (partnerskapsbanker) och banker med extremt spritt ägande (svenska storbanker). Syftet med denna studie har varit att explorativt undersöka om banker med olika ägarstrukturer uppvisar lönsamhetsskillnader och vad dessa beror av. Detta genom en statistisk undersökning där ett antal vedertagna förklaringsvariabler används. En jämförande kvantitativ studie har tillämpats och i studien har tre stycken schweiziska partnerskapsbanker och tre stycken svenska affärsbanker jämförts med varandra samt analyserats under perioden 2014–2018. Den data som insamlats baseras på en nyckeltalsanalys samt en PEST-analys, där interna och externa nyckeltal samlats in. Där den insamlade data sedan har analyserats med konstruerade regressionsmodeller för att undersöka, vilka, eller om några av de utvalda förklaringsvariablerna förklarar lönsamheten. Genom studies resultat kan vi fastställa att lönsamhetskillnader mellan partnerskapsbanker och affärsbanker finns. Emellertid så kan vi konstatera att de förklaringsvariablerna som studien använts sig av inte kan förklara dessa lönsamhetskillnader på lönsamhetsmåtten räntabilitet på totalt kapital och räntabilitet på eget kapital. För att helt kunna undanröja misstanke om att förklaringsvariablerna inte är signifikanta, så krävs ytterligare forskning med en längre tidsperiod. Denna studie har en begränsning i antalet år, där den period som observerats lett till att studien fått färre observationer än önskvärt. Materialet som idag finns att tillgå är begränsat till åren 2014–2018. Detta beror på att de schweiziska partnerskapsbankerna först 2014 började publicera sina årsredovisningar offentligt. Studien sträcker sig till 2018 för att det är det längsta tillgängliga materialet som kan undersökas. Tidigare studier inom området som använder sig av samma förklaringsvariabler som valts i denna studie och dessa uppvisar statistiskt signifikanta värden på de flesta utvalda förklaringsvariablerna, med några undantag. En skillnad, mellan tidigare studier och denna som är av stor betydelse är att värdena baseras på längre tidsperioder alternativt att fler banker har observerats, vilket allt annat lika ger fler observationer. Studiens resultat analyseras sedan utifrån tidigare studier samt principal-agent teorin. / Banks could be seen as the catalyst for the financial system and therefore often seen as an important role for the economy's growth and for peoples’ wellbeing. It’s not only important for the bank itself to be profitable, but also for the country as a whole. Around the globe there are quite a large number of different banks, that is run differently and has different types of owner structures. Commercial banks in Sweden are owned by thousands and thousands of owners and are driven on an operative level by a CEO and with an executive board on an organizational level. In Switzerland there is a broad spectrum of different banks and different corporate forms. One of them is partnership banks, these banks have partners (i.e. owners) who work as CEOs’, executive board and owners combined. There are other studies that has analyzed the relationship between bank ownership and profitability. These studies show inconsistent results. This study aims to examine two extreme cases, Swedish banks with a broad ownership base versus swiss banks with a very limited number of owners to illustrate how the ownership affects the profitability. The study aims to examine why these banks exhibit different levels of profitability and if these differences can be explained by a few conventional explanatory variables. To examine these banks the study has done a comparative quantitative study, where three swiss partnership banks has been compared with three Swedish banks during the period 2014-2018. The data that has been gathered is based on a key-figure analysis and a PEST-analysis. The data has then been analysed with constructed regression models to understand, if or to which extent the explanatory variables explains the differences in profitability. The results of this study exhibit that there are differences in profitability between the Swedish and Swiss banks. However, the study can’t establish if most of the chosen explanatory variables are significant. And therefore, the study cannot establish whether or not these variables have an impact on the profitability key-figures return on equity and return on total capital. To be sure if these variables are significant or not, future studies need to examine a longer time period. This study has a shortage of data due to the swiss banks. These banks started to publish annual reports in 2014. It’s worth mentioning that previous studies that have used the same variables have been able to show that these are significant, or at least most of them. This is often due to longer examined time periods or a larger number of banks included in the data. The results of this study have been analysed and compared with previous studies and the agency theory.
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