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Information technology incidents in the present information society:viewpoints of service providers, users, and the mass mediaTervo, H. (Heli) 30 November 2011 (has links)
Abstract
Our society relies increasingly on information technology (IT). In such a society, it is important that we, as citizens, trust and are satisfied with services utilizing IT. Unfortunately, IT problems in the use of services are part of our daily lives and, as such, are frequently reported by the mass media. While the information systems (IS) field has studied system and service acceptance, use, threats, and failures, we have found no studies that examine how these IT failures affect the system usage after a failure.
This dissertation addresses this gap in research by studying users’ intentions after service degradation related to IT problems and providing a larger view of IT-based incidents in an information society from the viewpoints of the mass media and service providers. In order to do this, a newspaper survey was first conducted to ascertain a concept of the public perception of IT-based problems. Second, qualitative interviews were conducted to reach an understanding of service providers’ viewpoints of IT problems. Third, users’ attitudes and reactions to service degradation were studied through interviews.
The main results reveal that most of the IT problems visible to society are the same ones that system and service providers perceive to be the most problematic. Our results suggest that, after service degradation, users are eager to use the service again if they receive relevant information. Compensation alone will not satisfy users when the incident creates unpredictability and uncertainty for them. If the system provider does not inform users directly after the incident, they readily rely on the mass media. Information and knowledge thus play a significant role in incidents. However, there are two service types where we found a different type of user reaction. First, telecommunications and computers seemed to be special cases, with more tolerance of problems in general. Second, the tolerance was low with regard to vital services, i.e., services related to children, health, and safety, for example. Nevertheless, in interviews it was seen that in both types of services the effect of real time and accurate information was influential, often more than any other activities in the failure recovery. The results of this study provide new views of IT-based incidents in an information society, as well as insights for service providers to better recover from service degradation. / Tiivistelmä
Yhteiskuntamme on rakennettu informaatioteknologian (IT) varaan. Tällaisessa informaatioyhteiskunnassa kansalaisten tulisi voida luottaa käyttämiinsä palveluihin. Palvelujen käyttäjät kohtaavat kuitenkin päivittäin virheitä informaatioteknologiaan pohjautuvissa järjestelmissä. Media uutisoi usein näistä virheistä. Alan kirjallisuus on tutkinut esimerkiksi järjestelmien ja palvelujen vastaanottoa, käyttöä, uhkia ja häiriöitä. Kuitenkaan IT-palvelujen virheiden vaikutuksista järjestelmien käyttöön ei löytynyt kirjallisuutta.
Tämä tutkimus pyrkii tältä osin täydentämään kirjallisuutta selvittämällä käyttäjien ajattelutapaa ja aikomuksia palvelun heikentymisen jälkeen, ja tutkimus myös hahmottelee laajemman kuvan informaatioyhteiskunnan IT-ongelmista erityisesti median ja palveluntuottajien näkökulmasta. Ongelmien julkisen kuvan saamiseksi tutkittiin ensin sanomalehtiuutisia IT-ongelmista. Seuraavaksi selvitettiin haastatteluin palveluntuottajien ja järjestelmätoimittajien näkemyksiä IT-ongelmista. Lopuksi tutkittiin vielä palveluiden käyttäjien mielipiteitä ja reaktioita häiriön sattuessa ja sen jälkeen haastattelujen avulla.
Päätulokset osoittavat, kuinka yhteiskunnan näkyvimmät IT-ongelmat ovat samoja, joiden kanssa myös järjestelmätoimittajat ja palveluntarjoajat kamppailevat. Lisäksi tutkimustulosten mukaan käyttäjät palaavat herkemmin käyttämään palvelua mikäli he saavat asiaankuuluvaa tietoa tilanteesta. Pelkkä aineellinen korvaus ei riitä silloin kun IT-häiriö luo arvaamattomuutta ja epävarmuutta. Jos palveluntuottaja ei tiedota asiasta häiriön sattuessa, käyttäjät luottavat helposti massamedian tarjontaan. Tiedolla ja tietämyksellä on merkittävä rooli ongelmatilanteissa. Tutkimuksessa löytyi kuitenkin kaksi palvelutyyppiä, joissa käyttäjien käytös oli erilaista. Ensinnäkin tietoliikenteen ja tietokoneiden suhteen käyttäjät olivat pitkämielisiä virheiden sattuessa. Toiseksi taas elintärkeät palvelut, esimerkiksi terveyteen, lapsiin ja turvallisuuteen liittyvät, olivat palveluja joissa virheitä ei juurikaan siedetty. Kuitenkin myös näissä palvelutilanteissa tiedottamisella oli merkittävä rooli, usein jopa merkittävämpi kuin muilla toimilla palvelun korjaamisessa. Tutkimuksen tulokset tarjoavat uusia näkökulmia IT-pohjaisista häiriöistä informaatioyhteiskunnassa ja näkemyksiä palveluntarjoajille häiriöistä toipumiseen.
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Informační systém pro správu projektů / Project Management Information SystemPatočka, Miroslav January 2010 (has links)
The diploma thesis focuses on analysis of software tools used in a softwarehouse company. It contains detailed assessment of a used project management information system, business process design and information system modification. The thesis also includes complete implementation of a module for cost calculation of software projects. The module is based on Use Case Points method.
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Doménová ontologie pro oblast automatizace knihoven / Library Automation Domain OntologyCerniňáková, Eva January 2022 (has links)
The dissertation focuses on library automation. It examines relationships between the field of library automation and library management systems and the needs of libraries in relation to the process of library software selection. The main goal of the dissertation has been to create a library automation domain ontology and to develop tools to support a decision-making process of library software selection. The domain ontology has been created; it describes the field of library automation in relation to library systems, which are set in the broader context of the field of library automation and are regarded in terms of needs of libraries in connection to library software change. To obtain terms for ontology entity names both quantitative and mixed research methods were used, namely the analysis of scholarly texts on library automation and library systems; text analyses were performed using Voyant Tools software. Object properties and relationships among entities in ontology are based on the results of a qualitative survey of the needs of libraries in relation to the library management software. Based on the domain ontology, flowcharts have been created that illustrate the library's decision-making process when selecting a library management system. During the work on the dissertation, a methodological...
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MORAVSKÉ VINAŘSKÉ CENTRUM BRNO / Moravian wine centre BrnoŠvéda, Petr January 2016 (has links)
The main goal of this diploma project is to produce an architectural study of the Moravian Wine Centre Brno (MVC) located on Hlinky Street in Brno, Czech Republic. Study also includes a concept of urban planning at Zluty Kopec area. Proposed urban ideas lead to development of a bidirectional passable park area and create an axis leading towards Moravian Wine Centre. MVC is a multifunctional building which contains the following space and operations: a leasable retail space for winemakers, space for wine degustation and archive boxes, a congress center with multifunctional hall, offices of The Czech Republic Institute of Wine, a gastrostudio, a viewing terrace restaurant, a cafe, a hotel type of accommodation in double rooms and suites, apartments with roof terraces, a wellness centre and space for wine production. Design of the proposed MVC complements surrounding buildings built in functionalist era and highlights the enter of proposed park. The facade is functionally pure with an accent of colored glass. An important part of the proposal is to link the design of new building with the historic cellars with tradition of wine processing. A part of this project was to design an interior spiral staircase connecting the basement with the entrance area. The construction of building contains integrated elements of renewable resources of energy such as photovoltaic facade.
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