Resumo: O Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), que congrega os vários sistemas de posicionamento por satélite existentes, tem como principal objetivo viabilizar o posicionamento de baixa, média e alta precisão. Dentre os sistemas de posicionamento que integram o GNSS, o Global Positioning System (GPS) tem grande destaque. Mas as observáveis GPS, tal como todas as outras observáveis envolvidas nos processos de medidas, estão sujeitas a erros aleatórios, sistemáticos e grosseiros. Os erros aleatórios são inevitáveis, sendo, portanto, considerados uma propriedade inerente das observações. Erros grosseiros (outliers) devem ser eliminados através do processo de controle de qualidade. Erros sistemáticos podem ser parametrizados ou eliminados por técnicas apropriadas de observação. Eles degradam a acurácia do posicionamento realizado com o GPS. Esses erros incluem erros da órbita dos satélites GPS, multicaminho, erros de refração atmosférica, dentre outros. Dessa forma, alguns trabalhos recentes têm utilizado o modelo semiparamétrico e o método dos mínimos quadrados com penalidades (MMQ com penalidades) para atenuar os efeitos desses erros residuais, utilizando dados de receptores de monofrequência. No modelo semiparamétrico as variáveis estimadas são divididas em uma parte paramétrica (coordenadas da estação e ambigüidades), que é de interesse do usuário, e uma parte não-paramétrica (funções de erros que variam suavemente com o tempo). Assim, devido ao número de incógnitas ser maior que o usual, é utilizado o MMQ com penalidades. Essa técnica utiliza uma spline cúbica natural, cuja suavidade é determinada pelo parâmetro suavizador, calculado pela validação cruzada generalizada. Nesse método, os erros são modelados como funções que variam suavemente com o tempo...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), that encompasses several satellite positioning systems, has as main goal to make available the low, medium and high precision positioning. Among the positioning systems that integrate GNSS, the Global Positioning System (GPS) has a great importance. But the GPS observables, like all other observables involved in a measurement process, are subject to random, systematic and outliers errors. The random errors are inevitable, being, therefore, considered an inherent property of the observations. Outliers should be eliminated through the quality control process. Systematic errors can be modeled or eliminated by appropriate observation techniques. The systematic errors degrade the accuracy of the positioning accomplished by GPS. These errors are those related to GPS satellites orbits, multipath, atmospheric refraction among others. Thus, some authors have been using the semiparametric model and the penalised least squares technique to mitigate these residual errors, using single frequency receiver data. In a semiparametric model the estimated variables are divided into a parametric part (station coordinates and ambiguities), which is of interest to the users, and a nonparametric one (composed by error functions that vary smoothly with time). However, due to the unknowns number being larger than the usual, the penalised least squares is used. This technique uses a natural cubic spline, whose smoothness is determined by a smoothing parameter, computed by using the generalized cross validation. In this method, the errors are modeled as functions which vary smoothly in time. And more, the systematic errors functions, ambiguities and station coordinates are estimated simultaneously. As a result, the ambiguities and the station coordinates are estimated with better reliability and accuracy than the conventional least square method...(Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Orientador: João Francisco Galera Monico / Coorientador: Messias Meneguette Júnior / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:30:17Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 alves_dbm_me_prud.pdf: 1723505 bytes, checksum: 9db3e55e3fb351fffc293805469954c5 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), que congrega os vários sistemas de posicionamento por satélite existentes, tem como principal objetivo viabilizar o posicionamento de baixa, média e alta precisão. Dentre os sistemas de posicionamento que integram o GNSS, o Global Positioning System (GPS) tem grande destaque. Mas as observáveis GPS, tal como todas as outras observáveis envolvidas nos processos de medidas, estão sujeitas a erros aleatórios, sistemáticos e grosseiros. Os erros aleatórios são inevitáveis, sendo, portanto, considerados uma propriedade inerente das observações. Erros grosseiros (outliers) devem ser eliminados através do processo de controle de qualidade. Erros sistemáticos podem ser parametrizados ou eliminados por técnicas apropriadas de observação. Eles degradam a acurácia do posicionamento realizado com o GPS. Esses erros incluem erros da órbita dos satélites GPS, multicaminho, erros de refração atmosférica, dentre outros. Dessa forma, alguns trabalhos recentes têm utilizado o modelo semiparamétrico e o método dos mínimos quadrados com penalidades (MMQ com penalidades) para atenuar os efeitos desses erros residuais, utilizando dados de receptores de monofrequência. No modelo semiparamétrico as variáveis estimadas são divididas em uma parte paramétrica (coordenadas da estação e ambigüidades), que é de interesse do usuário, e uma parte não-paramétrica (funções de erros que variam suavemente com o tempo). Assim, devido ao número de incógnitas ser maior que o usual, é utilizado o MMQ com penalidades. Essa técnica utiliza uma spline cúbica natural, cuja suavidade é determinada pelo parâmetro suavizador, calculado pela validação cruzada generalizada. Nesse método, os erros são modelados como funções que variam suavemente com o tempo... / The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), that encompasses several satellite positioning systems, has as main goal to make available the low, medium and high precision positioning. Among the positioning systems that integrate GNSS, the Global Positioning System (GPS) has a great importance. But the GPS observables, like all other observables involved in a measurement process, are subject to random, systematic and outliers errors. The random errors are inevitable, being, therefore, considered an inherent property of the observations. Outliers should be eliminated through the quality control process. Systematic errors can be modeled or eliminated by appropriate observation techniques. The systematic errors degrade the accuracy of the positioning accomplished by GPS. These errors are those related to GPS satellites orbits, multipath, atmospheric refraction among others. Thus, some authors have been using the semiparametric model and the penalised least squares technique to mitigate these residual errors, using single frequency receiver data. In a semiparametric model the estimated variables are divided into a parametric part (station coordinates and ambiguities), which is of interest to the users, and a nonparametric one (composed by error functions that vary smoothly with time). However, due to the unknowns number being larger than the usual, the penalised least squares is used. This technique uses a natural cubic spline, whose smoothness is determined by a smoothing parameter, computed by using the generalized cross validation. In this method, the errors are modeled as functions which vary smoothly in time. And more, the systematic errors functions, ambiguities and station coordinates are estimated simultaneously. As a result, the ambiguities and the station coordinates are estimated with better reliability and accuracy than the conventional least square method...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

In radiation therapy, interfraction organ motion introduces a level of geometric uncertainty into the planning process. Plans, which are typically based upon a single instance of anatomy, must be robust against daily anatomical variations. For this problem, a model of the magnitude, direction, and likelihood of deformation is useful. In this thesis, principal component analysis (PCA) is used to statistically model the 3D organ motion for 19 prostate cancer patients, each with 8-13 fractional computed tomography (CT) images. Deformable image registration and the resultant displacement vector fields (DVFs) are used to quantify the interfraction systematic and random motion. By applying the PCA technique to the random DVFs, principal modes of random tissue deformation were determined for each patient, and a method for sampling synthetic random DVFs was developed. The PCA model was then extended to describe the principal modes of systematic and random organ motion for the population of patients. A leave-one-out study tested both the systematic and random motion model’s ability to represent PCA training set DVFs. The random and systematic DVF PCA models allowed the reconstruction of these data with absolute mean errors between 0.5-0.9 mm and 1-2 mm, respectively. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this study is the first successful effort to build a fully 3D statistical PCA model of systematic tissue deformation in a population of patients. By sampling synthetic systematic and random errors, organ occupancy maps were created for bony and prostate-centroid patient setup processes. By thresholding these maps, PCA-based planning target volume (PTV) was created and tested against conventional margin recipes (van Herk for bony alignment and 5 mm fixed [3 mm posterior] margin for centroid alignment) in a virtual clinical trial for low-risk prostate cancer. Deformably accumulated delivered dose served as a surrogate for clinical outcome. For the bony landmark setup subtrial, the PCA PTV significantly (p30, D20, and D5 to bladder and D50 to rectum, while increasing rectal D20 and D5. For the centroid-aligned setup, the PCA PTV significantly reduced all bladder DVH metrics and trended to lower rectal toxicity metrics. All PTVs covered the prostate with the prescription dose.

This diploma thesis deals with the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) method in various variants. The thesis describes the theoretical foundations of the PPP method and the most important systematic errors that affect accuracy. The accuracy of the PPP method was evaluated using data from the permanent GNSS station CADM, which is part of the AdMaS research center. Data of the period 2018 – 2019 were processed. The results of combinations of different GNSS and the results of different observation periods were compared. Finally, the accuracy was verified at 299 IGS GNSS stations.

Die Phänomenologie der pseudoskalaren Mesonen Ds und Bs sowie der Vektormesonen Ds* und Bs*, welche jeweils ein schweres und ein leichtes Quark enthalten, wurde in numerischen Simulationen von Gitter-QCD unter Vernachlässigung virtueller Fermionschleifen untersucht. Besonderer Wert wurde auf die Kontrolle und Minimierung aller systematischen Fehler innerhalb dieser Näherung gelegt. Die Zerfallskonstanten FDs und FDs* und die Massendifferenz zwischen dem Ds- und dem Ds*-Meson wurden aus der direkten Computersimulation von Gitter-QCD in großem physikalischen Volumen (L~1.5fm) bestimmt. Als Nebenprodukt konnte auch ein präziser Wert der renormierungsgruppen-invarianten Charm-Quarkmasse M_c ermittelt werden. Für die Monte-Carlo Simulationen von QCD auf dem Gitter, speziell im hier verwendeten Schrödinger Funktional, wurde eine plattformunabhängige Software entwickelt. Eine Reihe von Simulationen bei verschiedenen Gitterabständen erlaubte die Extrapolation der Ergebnisse zum Kontinuum. Da vergleichbare Simulationen für das Bs- und Bs*-Meson aufgrund der großen Masse des enthaltenen b-Quarks nicht möglich sind, wurde eine Interpolation in der Mesonmasse zu ihrem experimentell bekannten Punkt für die Zerfallskonstante und für den Wert der Massendifferenz durchgeführt. Interpoliert wurde dazu zwischen dem statischen Limes (unendliche Mesonmasse) und dem Bereich von Mesonmassen in der Größenordnung von m_Ds. Für insgesamt sechs Mesonmassen in diesem Bereich wurden die gewünschten Observablen deshalb aus Simulationen von Gitter-QCD in großem Volumen bestimmt und die Ergebnisse zum Kontinuum extrapoliert. Die Form der anschließenden Interpolation in der Mesonmasse zum statischen Limes wurde den Vorhersagen der Heavy Quark Effective Theory (HQET) entsprechend gewählt. Um diese auf QCD zu übertragen, wurden Konversionsfunktionen zwischen HQET und QCD hergeleitet und mit Hilfe von Ergebnissen aus der Störungstheorie numerisch bestimmt. Die Endergebnisse sind F_Ds = 226(7)MeV, F_Ds* = 239(18)MeV, F_Bs = 197(9)MeV, m_{Ds*}-m_{Ds} = 136(9)MeV, m_{Bs*}-m_{Bs} = 63(7)MeV und M_c = 1.60(3)GeV. Das Ergebnis für die Quarkmasse ist äquivalent zu mbar_c^MSbar(mbar_c) = 1.27(3)GeV. Aus der Analyse der so bestimmten Interpolationen ließ sich außerdem abschätzen, daß die führenden Korrekturen zum statischen Limes in der HQET relativ klein sind. Man erwartet deshalb, daß HQET im Bereich der B-Physik eine gute Näherung darstellt. / The phenomenology of the pseudo scalar mesons Ds and Bs and of the vector mesons Ds* and Bs*, each of which contain a heavy and a light quark, was investigated in simulations of quenched lattice QCD. The work was particularly focused on the minimisation of all systematic errors within this approximation. The decay constants FDs and FDs* and the difference in the masses between the pseudo scalar Ds-meson and the corresponding vector meson Ds* were determined from the direct computer simulation of lattice QCD in large physical volume (L~1.5fm). As an aside, the renormalisation group invariant charm quark mass M_c could be obtained from the simulation results. A platform independent software was developed for the Monte-Carlo simulations of lattice QCD within the Schrödinger Functional. A number of simulations at different lattice constants allowed the extrapolation of the results to the continuum. Since comparable simulations for the Bs- and the Bs*-meson are not feasible due to the large mass of the b-meson, an interpolation in the meson mass to its physical point was carried out for the decay constant and the mass splitting. The interpolation was carried out between the static limit and the range of meson masses of order m_Ds. The desired observables were therefore determined and extrapolated to the continuum for altogether six meson masses. The functional form of the subsequent interpolation in the meson mass to the static limit was guided by the prediction of the Heavy Quark Effective Theory (HQET). In order to apply it to the results obtained in QCD, a set of conversion functions between HQET and QCD were derived and evaluated numerically with input from results in perturbation theory. The final results are FDs = 226(7)MeV, FDs* = 239(18)MeV, FBs = 198(9)MeV, m_{Ds*}-m_{Ds} = 136(9)MeV, m_{Bs*}-m_{Bs} = 63(6)MeV and M_c = 1.60(3)GeV. The result for the renormalisation group invariant charm quark mass is equivalent to mbar_c^MSbar(mbar_c) = 1.27(3)GeV. The analysis of the interpolation furthermore allowed to estimate, that the lowest order corrections to the static limit in HQET are relatively small. One therefore can expect HQET to offer a good approximation in the range of B-physics.

Studier inom åldersbedömning har ofta gjorts med stillbilder av ansikten. Denna studiesyftade till att undersöka om åldersskattningar mellan helkroppsbilder av stillbilder ochrörliga bilder skiljer sig åt. Vidare undersöktes om män bedöms med bättre precision änkvinnor, om precisionen är bättre då bedömaren är av samma kön som den som blir bedömdsamt om åldern underskattas på personer över 40 år och överskattas på personer under 40 år.Datainsamlingen skedde via en webbaserad plattform för enkätundersökningar som för engrupp visade stillbilder och för en annan grupp visade rörliga bilder. Resultatet visade intenågra skillnader i precisionen för bedömning mellan stillbilder och rörliga bilder eller dåbedömningen gjordes inom samma kön (kvinna-kvinna och man-man). Däremot visade detsig att män bedöms med högre precision än kvinnor och att åldern på personer över 40 årunderskattas och att åldern på personer under 40 år överskattas. / Studies within age estimation have often used still pictures of faces. The purpose of this studywas to investigate if there is a difference in the precision of age estimation between still andmoving pictures of full bodies. It was also investigated if the precision is higher whenestimating males rather than females, if the precision is higher when the estimation is done bya individual with same sex as the one getting estimated, if the age of people over the age offorty is underestimated and if the age of people under the age of forty is overestimated. Thecollection of data was done through a web based platform for surveys, from which one groupwas showed still full body pictures and the other group was showed moving full bodypictures. The results showed no difference in estimation precision between still pictures andmoving pictures or when the estimation was done within the same gender (female-female andmale-male). However the results showed that males are estimated with higher precision thanfemales as well as that the age of people over the age of forty is underestimated and the age ofpeople under the age of forty is overestimated.

The diploma thesis consists of a new design of a controlling procedure for a plastic component of a tank. Its theoretical part deals with the potential sources of errors and uncertainties arising from the measuring itself. It also deals with the characteristics of available CMM devices and includes an analysis of the methods assessing the acceptability of the measurement plan. The practical part analyses systematically the current state and proposes a new solution using a program created using a coordinate machine. A comparison of both variants is presented as an output of the thesis.

A maneira mais direta de detectar as anomalias da densidade é pelo estudo do potencial gravitacional e de suas derivadas. A disponibilidade global e a boa resolução dos dados do satélite GOCE, aliadas à disponibilidade de dados de gravimetria terrestre, são ideais para a comparação e classificação das bacias de larga escala, como as bacias sedimentares do Solimões e do Amazonas dentro do Craton amazônico. Foram processados um conjunto de dados, produtos GOCE EGG_TRF_2 Level 2, ao longo das trajetórias do satélite para remover o ruído (shift/drift) nos gradientes da gravidade a partir da técnica crossover (XO). Calculamos a redução das massas topográfica a fim de obter os componentes do gradiente da gravidade e anomalia da gravidade usando modelagem direta com prismas esféricos a partir do modelo de elevação digital, ETOPO1. Desta maneira, a comparação dos dados somente do satélite GOCE com as reduções das massas topográficas referentes aos componentes do gradiente da gravidade permitiram estimar quantidades invariantes que trouxeram uma melhoria na interpretação dos dados do tensor de gravidade. Além disso, comparamos dados terrestres do campo de gravidade com dados do campo de gravidade dos modelos geopotenciais EGM2008 e GOCE, uma vez que os dados terrestres podem ser afetados por erros em longos comprimentos de onda devido a erros de nivelamento, diferentes referenciais de altitudes, e aos problemas em interligar diferentes campanhas de medidas da gravidade. Portanto, estimamos uma melhora e uma nova representação dos mapas das anomalias de gravidade e do tensor gradiente da gravidade nas áreas inacessíveis do Craton Amazônico. As observações forneceram novas entradas para determinar campos regionais a partir dados brutos pre-processados (gradiente de gravidade EGG_TRF_2 L2), bem como a partir de um modelo geopotencial mais recente até grau e ordem 250 dos harmonicos esféricos derivados de dados somente do satélite GOCE para a representação do campo de gravidade como geóide, anomalias da gravidade e os componentes tensor da gravidade, os quais foram quantidades importantes para interpretação, modelagem e estudo dessas estruturas. Finalmente, obtivemos um modelo isostático considerando a estrutura de densidade litosférica estudada através de uma modelagem direta 3D da distribuição de densidade por prismas esféricos usando a geometria do embasamento e descontinuidade do Moho. Além do que, constatamos através da modelagem direta das soleiras de diabásios dentro dos sedimentos mostramos que somente as soleiras dentro da Bacia do Amazonas não são as únicas responsáveis pela anomalia de gravidade positiva que coincide aproximadamente com as espessuras máximas dos sedimentos da Bacia. Talvez, isso possa ser também um resultado de movimentos relativos do Escudo das Guianas situado ao norte da Bacia, e o Escudo Brasileiro situado ao sul. Embora isso seja apenas uma evidência adicional preliminar, não podemos confirmá-las a partir das estimativas do campo da gravidade. Portanto, é necessário outros tipos de dados geofísicos, como por exemplo, evidências mais claras advindas do paleomagnetismo. / The most direct way to detect density anomalies is the study of the gravity potential field and its derivatives. The global availability and good resolution of the GOCE mission coupled with the availability of terrestrial gravity data are ideal for the scope of intercomparison and classification of the two large-scale Amazon and Solimoes sedimentary basins into area of the Amazon Craton. The GOCE data set obtained in satellite tracks were processed from EGG_TRF_2 Level 2 Products generated with the correction needed to remove the noise (shift/drift), and so, to recover the individual components of the gravity gradient tensor using the crossover (XO) points technique. We calculated the topographic masses reductions in order to obtain the gravity gradient components and gravity anomaly (vertical component) using forward modelling from tesseroids from Digital Elevation Model, ETOPO1. Thus, the comparison of the only-satellite GOCE data with the reductions of the topographic masses for the gradient components allowed to estimate invariants quantities for bring an improvement in the interpretation of the gravity tensor data. Furthermore, we compared the terrestrial data gravity field with EGM2008 and GOCE-deduced gravity field because the terrestrial fields may be affected by errors at long wavelengths due to errors in leveling, different height references, and problems in connecting different measurement campaigns. However, we have estimated an improvement and new representations of the gravity anomalies maps and gravity gradient tensor components primary in inaccessible areas of the Amazon Craton. GOCE observations provide new inputs to determine the regional fields from the preprocessed raw data (EGG_TRF_2 L2 gravity gradients), as well from the most recent global geopotential model available up to degree and order 250 developed in spherical harmonics derived only-satellite GOCE data for representing of geoid and others gravity field as gravity anomaly and gravity gradient tensor components, which are important quantities for modelling and studying these structures. Finally, we obtained the isostatic model considering the lithospheric density structure studied through a 3D direct modelling of density distribution using the geometry of basement and Moho discontinuity, assumed to be known as initial constraint. In addition, we found through direct modeling sills and sediment has shown that the diabase sills are not the only ones responsible for positive gravity anomaly map that transects the Amazon Basin, roughly coincident with the maximum thickness of sedimentary rocks or the trough of the basin. Maybe, this could be the result of the relative movements of the Guiana Shield, situated at the north of the Amazon basin, and the Brazilian Shield, situated at the south. Although this is only a preliminary additional evidence, we cannot confirm it only from the data of gravity. It is necessary others types of geophysical data, for example, more clear evidences obtained from paleomagnetism.

A maneira mais direta de detectar as anomalias da densidade é pelo estudo do potencial gravitacional e de suas derivadas. A disponibilidade global e a boa resolução dos dados do satélite GOCE, aliadas à disponibilidade de dados de gravimetria terrestre, são ideais para a comparação e classificação das bacias de larga escala, como as bacias sedimentares do Solimões e do Amazonas dentro do Craton amazônico. Foram processados um conjunto de dados, produtos GOCE EGG_TRF_2 Level 2, ao longo das trajetórias do satélite para remover o ruído (shift/drift) nos gradientes da gravidade a partir da técnica crossover (XO). Calculamos a redução das massas topográfica a fim de obter os componentes do gradiente da gravidade e anomalia da gravidade usando modelagem direta com prismas esféricos a partir do modelo de elevação digital, ETOPO1. Desta maneira, a comparação dos dados somente do satélite GOCE com as reduções das massas topográficas referentes aos componentes do gradiente da gravidade permitiram estimar quantidades invariantes que trouxeram uma melhoria na interpretação dos dados do tensor de gravidade. Além disso, comparamos dados terrestres do campo de gravidade com dados do campo de gravidade dos modelos geopotenciais EGM2008 e GOCE, uma vez que os dados terrestres podem ser afetados por erros em longos comprimentos de onda devido a erros de nivelamento, diferentes referenciais de altitudes, e aos problemas em interligar diferentes campanhas de medidas da gravidade. Portanto, estimamos uma melhora e uma nova representação dos mapas das anomalias de gravidade e do tensor gradiente da gravidade nas áreas inacessíveis do Craton Amazônico. As observações forneceram novas entradas para determinar campos regionais a partir dados brutos pre-processados (gradiente de gravidade EGG_TRF_2 L2), bem como a partir de um modelo geopotencial mais recente até grau e ordem 250 dos harmonicos esféricos derivados de dados somente do satélite GOCE para a representação do campo de gravidade como geóide, anomalias da gravidade e os componentes tensor da gravidade, os quais foram quantidades importantes para interpretação, modelagem e estudo dessas estruturas. Finalmente, obtivemos um modelo isostático considerando a estrutura de densidade litosférica estudada através de uma modelagem direta 3D da distribuição de densidade por prismas esféricos usando a geometria do embasamento e descontinuidade do Moho. Além do que, constatamos através da modelagem direta das soleiras de diabásios dentro dos sedimentos mostramos que somente as soleiras dentro da Bacia do Amazonas não são as únicas responsáveis pela anomalia de gravidade positiva que coincide aproximadamente com as espessuras máximas dos sedimentos da Bacia. Talvez, isso possa ser também um resultado de movimentos relativos do Escudo das Guianas situado ao norte da Bacia, e o Escudo Brasileiro situado ao sul. Embora isso seja apenas uma evidência adicional preliminar, não podemos confirmá-las a partir das estimativas do campo da gravidade. Portanto, é necessário outros tipos de dados geofísicos, como por exemplo, evidências mais claras advindas do paleomagnetismo. / The most direct way to detect density anomalies is the study of the gravity potential field and its derivatives. The global availability and good resolution of the GOCE mission coupled with the availability of terrestrial gravity data are ideal for the scope of intercomparison and classification of the two large-scale Amazon and Solimoes sedimentary basins into area of the Amazon Craton. The GOCE data set obtained in satellite tracks were processed from EGG_TRF_2 Level 2 Products generated with the correction needed to remove the noise (shift/drift), and so, to recover the individual components of the gravity gradient tensor using the crossover (XO) points technique. We calculated the topographic masses reductions in order to obtain the gravity gradient components and gravity anomaly (vertical component) using forward modelling from tesseroids from Digital Elevation Model, ETOPO1. Thus, the comparison of the only-satellite GOCE data with the reductions of the topographic masses for the gradient components allowed to estimate invariants quantities for bring an improvement in the interpretation of the gravity tensor data. Furthermore, we compared the terrestrial data gravity field with EGM2008 and GOCE-deduced gravity field because the terrestrial fields may be affected by errors at long wavelengths due to errors in leveling, different height references, and problems in connecting different measurement campaigns. However, we have estimated an improvement and new representations of the gravity anomalies maps and gravity gradient tensor components primary in inaccessible areas of the Amazon Craton. GOCE observations provide new inputs to determine the regional fields from the preprocessed raw data (EGG_TRF_2 L2 gravity gradients), as well from the most recent global geopotential model available up to degree and order 250 developed in spherical harmonics derived only-satellite GOCE data for representing of geoid and others gravity field as gravity anomaly and gravity gradient tensor components, which are important quantities for modelling and studying these structures. Finally, we obtained the isostatic model considering the lithospheric density structure studied through a 3D direct modelling of density distribution using the geometry of basement and Moho discontinuity, assumed to be known as initial constraint. In addition, we found through direct modeling sills and sediment has shown that the diabase sills are not the only ones responsible for positive gravity anomaly map that transects the Amazon Basin, roughly coincident with the maximum thickness of sedimentary rocks or the trough of the basin. Maybe, this could be the result of the relative movements of the Guiana Shield, situated at the north of the Amazon basin, and the Brazilian Shield, situated at the south. Although this is only a preliminary additional evidence, we cannot confirm it only from the data of gravity. It is necessary others types of geophysical data, for example, more clear evidences obtained from paleomagnetism.