Hemos realizado en la Región de Murcia una investigación epidemiológica sobre los coronavirus porcinos- virus de la Gastroenteritis Transmisible (TGEV) y/o Coronavirus Respiratorio Porcino (PCRV)- mediante una técnica inmuno-enzimática (ELISA indirecta). La encuesta serológica se ha llevado a cabo en 1987 en la población de cerdos reproductores y la muestra investigada (6.000 reproductores de 480 granjas) es representativa respecto a los reproductores y a las explotaciones – y dentro de ellas según cuatro categorías de tamaños: familiares (1-9), pequeñas (10-40), medianas (50-99) y grandes (≥100)- censadas en cuatro zonas geográficas (Cartagena, Valle del Guadalentín, Huerta de Murcia y resto de la Región). En Murcia se han detectado anticuerpos de coronavirus porcinos (TGEV y/o PCRV) en 937 reproductores (prevalencia 15,61±0.91%) de 107 granjas de reproducción (prevalencia 22,29±3.72%). Los coronavirus porcinos están muy difundidos en toda la Región de Murcia, con mayor prevalencia en Cartagena y Valle del Guadalentín, y en explotaciones con más de 50 reproductores.

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The recent emergence of a number of new viral diseases as well as the re-emergence of tuberculosis (TB), indicate an urgent need for new drugs against viral and bacterial infections. Coronavirus nsp1 has been shown to induce suppression of host gene expression and interfere with host immune response. However, the mechanism behind this is currently unknown. Here we present the first nsp1 structure from an alphacoronavirus, Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) nsp1. Contrary to previous speculation, the TGEV nsp1 structure clearly shows that alpha- and betacoronavirus nsp1s have a common evolutionary origin. However, differences in conservation, shape and surface electrostatics indicate that the mechanism for nsp1-induced suppression of host mRNA translation is likely to be different in the alpha- and betacoronavirus genera. The Modoc virus is a neuroinvasive rodent virus with similar pathology as flavivirus encephalitis in humans. The flaviviral methyltransferase catalyses the two methylations required to complete 5´ mRNA capping, essential for mRNA stability and translation. The structure of the Modoc NS5 methyltransferase domain was determined in complex with its cofactor S-adenosyl-L-methionine. The observed methyltransferase conservation between Modoc and other flaviviral branches, indicates that it may be possible to identify drugs that target a range of flaviviruses and supports the use of Modoc virus as a model for general flaviviral studies. 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR) is part of the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway that produces essential precursors for isoprenoid biosynthesis. This pathway is used by a number of pathogens, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Plasmodium falciparum, but it is not present in humans. Using a structure-based approach, we designed a number of MtDXR inhibitors, including a novel fosmidomycin-analogue that exhibited improved activity against P.falciparum in an in vitro blood cell growth assay. The approach also allowed the first design of an inhibitor that bridge both DXR substrate and co-factor binding sites, providing a stepping-stone for further optimization.