This master thesis deals with "somatisms" (i.e. names of human body parts) in language. It uses the example of two distant and unrelated languages - Czech and Turkish - to explore conceptualization of human body and its parts in phraseology, and possible differences that may occur across languages and cultures. This thesis consists of two key parts: a quantitative comparison and a qualitative comparison. In the first part, the frequency of individual somatisms and respective words is measured and compared in phraseology of both languages. The second part is a qualitative analysis of head - the most frequent somatism in both Czech and Turkish. The analysis and comparison are based on the perspective of cognitive linguistics, more specifically on the approach called "linguistic picture of the world" and related "profile theory".

A comparative study of Arabic and Turkish literary modernity, this dissertation investigates the rhetoric of authority in Ottoman-Arab and -Turkish literary, literary-historical, and literary critical discourses in the nineteenth century. Bringing together examples of travelogue, fiction, literary history and criticism, I attend to the divided and divisive figures of the sovereign and the author in order to examine the crises and transformations of political and literary authority in this period. Through an extended conversation with the recent historiography of the late-Ottoman Empire, I illustrate how the divisions and dispersions of the author’s body in these texts mirror the diffusion, dispersion, and dissipation of sultanic sovereignty, slowly being disembodied from the Sultan’s body, and how this pairing, in turn, testifies to the contradictions that inhere in the emergent possibilities of popular, political and literary, representation. Juxtaposing (de)formations and representations of sovereign bodies with contemporary (de)constructions of authorial bodies, I claim that certain theological and political aspects associated with the sultan’s body henceforth come to be taken up by the body of the author. It is the concurrent excess and deficiency of this transfer and translation—and the force and weakness that is at once associated with the act of writing—that defines the modern crisis of representation. To make sense of the institution of modern literature in Arabic and Turkish—and of other new modalities of political and cultural representation—it is necessary to attend to the crises of late-Ottoman sovereignty, as well as to the avenues of enchantment and disenchantment thereby opened. In three chapters bookended with an introduction and conclusion, I focus on the works of Aḥmad Fāris al-Shidyāq (1804-1886), Namık Kemal (1840-1888), Beşir Fuad (1852-1887), and Ibrāhīm al-Muwayliḥī (1844-1906) to articulate—through the coupling of the two bodies of the sovereign and the author—a critique of literary modernity in its relation to shifting discourses of political and literary authority.

This thesis analyses 'incomplete sentences' in languages which utilise distinctively agglutinative components in their morphology. In the grammars of the languages dealt with in this thesis, there are certain types of sentences which are variously referred to as 'elliptical sentences' (Turkish eksiltili c�mleler), 'incomplete sentences' (Uzbek to'liqsiz gaplar), 'cut-off sentences' (Turkish kesik c�mleler), etc., for which the grammarians provide elaborated semantic and syntactic analyses. The current work attempts to present an alternative approach for the analysis of such sentences. The distribution of morphemes in incomplete sentences is examined closely, based on which a system of analysis that can handle a variety of incomplete sentences in an integrated manner is proposed from a morphological point of view. It aims to aid grammarians as well as researchers in area studies by providing a simple description of incomplete sentences in agglutinative languages. The linguistic data are taken from Turkish, Uzbek, and Japanese, with special reference to (Bukharan) Tajik.

<p>Background: The modern world is frequently referred to as a world of knowledge. In today’s business the role of knowledge is gradually increasing. The problem of how to manage knowledge to gain efficiency and competitive advantage forced modern companies to think about Knowledge Management and its applications. However, many companies, and SMEs in particular, seem to be not so common to this process. </p><p>Purpose: Since SMEs experience various problems in their daily activities this research aims to make them aware about the potential obstacles in Knowledge Management process. Therefore, this study tries to identify the cultural patterns in Knowledge Management, by considering it as a process. </p><p>Delimitations: Considering the triangle in which corner stones are SMEs, national culture and Knowledge Management this research provides a limited scope on studied area. </p><p>Realization: This study reviews its theoretical assumptions and tests them on the example of two case companies. The empirical findings gathered in those companies enlighten the assumptions of the authors and provide a ground for the analysis. </p><p>Results: Focusing on the case of Turkish SMEs in Sweden the authors of this research were capable to confirm the theoretically driven assumption and to show the relation between the concepts of national culture, SMEs and Knowledge Management.</p>

<p>The purpose of the study is, through some aspects, to make it visible and compare the education in mathematics in classes 1-3 in Sweden and Turkey. I have also studied the mathematic lessons, textbook and teaching aids, examinations and the use of calculator, on the basis of steering documents in curriculum and syllabi. The method used in this study contains of qualitative interviews and have an unstructured character but also observations noted continuously. The result is a comparison between my own experiences and the observations connected to relevant theories and the questions.</p>

Muslims of Middle Eastern and Turkish origin, whether longtime immigrants, recent refugees, or students living in America temporarily, are an important part of the changing ethnic and religious landscape in the Southeast U.S. In the aftermath of 9/11, much attention has been shifted upon Islam and the Middle East. Discrimination and a lack of mutual understanding and tolerance between the selected populations and native-born, non-Muslim Americans are persistent problems. The Knoxville Turkish Cultural Center and the Istanbul Center of Atlanta recognize and reflect the contemporary need for intercultural and interfaith awareness, education, and dialogue to promote tolerance. I argue that while these organizations serve to integrate incoming populations and encourage inter-group, inter-cultural, and inter-religious interaction, they also act as a pressure valve and site of intra-group identity formation. This case study reveals the many ways in which Muslims are contributing to American culture and society while simultaneously redefining, reconfirming and even solidifying their own cultural markers, social boundaries, beliefs, and identities through their community relations and through their involvement with KTCC and IC.

Background: The modern world is frequently referred to as a world of knowledge. In today’s business the role of knowledge is gradually increasing. The problem of how to manage knowledge to gain efficiency and competitive advantage forced modern companies to think about Knowledge Management and its applications. However, many companies, and SMEs in particular, seem to be not so common to this process. Purpose: Since SMEs experience various problems in their daily activities this research aims to make them aware about the potential obstacles in Knowledge Management process. Therefore, this study tries to identify the cultural patterns in Knowledge Management, by considering it as a process. Delimitations: Considering the triangle in which corner stones are SMEs, national culture and Knowledge Management this research provides a limited scope on studied area. Realization: This study reviews its theoretical assumptions and tests them on the example of two case companies. The empirical findings gathered in those companies enlighten the assumptions of the authors and provide a ground for the analysis. Results: Focusing on the case of Turkish SMEs in Sweden the authors of this research were capable to confirm the theoretically driven assumption and to show the relation between the concepts of national culture, SMEs and Knowledge Management.

The purpose of the present study is to examine the perceived stress of Turkish graduate students in the U.S.A., based on Cognitive Appraisal Theory of Stress, by looking at their perceived social support, academic self-efficacy, length of residence in the United States, gender, age, status in the degree of study, sponsorship, perceived income, previous travel experience, TOEFL scores, and perceived English proficiency. The participants of the study were 276 Turkish graduate students attending colleges and universities in the United States. Four instruments - the demographic information form, the perceived stress scale, the multidimensional scale of perceived social support, and the academic self-efficacy scale - were used. Results showed that predictors explained 38% of the total variance. Among all of the predictors, gender, perceived income and academic self-efficacy significantly contribute to the model. When individual contributions to the predictors were examined, academic self-efficacy was the strongest predictor of the perceived stress. Since academic self-efficacy is the strongest predictor of perceived stress, a multiple regression analysis was conducted to show which variables predict the academic self-efficacy. Gender, perceived income, English proficiency, and social support significantly explain the academic self-efficacy. There were not any significant differences between groups&rsquo / perceived stress scores according to marital status, department type, degree of study and living conditions. The only significant group difference was between students who were working and not working.

One of the key steps of the liberalization of the Turkish electricity market has been the estab- lishment of PMUM (Turkish day ahead electricity market). The aim of this study is to explore the dynamics of electricity prices observed in this market and their relation with temperature observed in Turkey. The electricity price process is studied as a univariate process and the same process is studied along with temperature together as a two-dimensional process. We give a fairly complete model of temperature. We observe that the electricity prices in Turkey exhibit many of the features that similar prices exhibit in other world markets. In particular, Turkish day ahead prices are seasonal / every year the price seems to follow a path similar to the one years preceding it. To simplify our analysis we focus our study to a 35 day pe- riod where every year the prices show a relatively simple behavior. We study the effects of the fluctuations in temperature in this period on the fluctutations in the day ahead electricity price.

The effects of occupational sex segregation on wage differentials and poverty, and the factors behind the differentiation on occupational choices are analyzed in various studies. There are also recent studies analyzing Turkish case. However, there are limited attempts combining both segregation and occupational decision in Turkish labor market. This thesis wants to fill this gap and as well as contribute the literature of Turkish labor market and OSS, with analyzing the most current data of Household Labor Force Survey (HLFS) 2004-2010. It is expected to find stability in segregation in the period under consideration as verified by the thesis. It is found that the contribution of different occupations to the extent of segregation also differs. In addition, differentiation with regard to factors on occupational choices of men and women are also found. Further analysis should be carried to make relevant and effective policies to reduce occupational sex segregation.