Chez les métazoaires, les cellules spécialisées se caractérisent par la sortie du cycle cellulaire alors que les cellules souches et progénitrices se caractérisent par un intense potentiel d'auto-renouvellement, lequel est perdu durant la différenciation. L'auto-renouvellement est contrôlé par une combinaison de facteurs intrinsèques et extrinsèques qui déclenchent une prolifération cellulaire équilibrée. Dans ce contexte, nous avons montré que le knock-out des facteurs de transcription MafB et c-Maf dans les monocytes, résulte en une expansion prolongée des monocytes et macrophages matures en culture, sans aucun signe de perte du phénotype différencié ou de la fonction. Etant donné que les macrophages sont impliqués dans la majorité des maladies dégénératives, les maladies inflammatoires ainsi que la biologie du cancer, l'amplification de macrophages consisterait en un atout considérable pour les applications thérapeutiques. Dans cette optique, et comme les macrophages sont également connus pour promouvoir le développement tumoral, nous avons étudié le comportement des macrophages Maf-DKO dans le contexte tumoral. Initialement, nous avons montré que les macrophages Maf-DKO sont capables d'empêcher l'installation de la tumeur ainsi que de réduire une masse tumorale établie, et ce indépendamment du model tumoral étudié. Ceci consiste en une nouvelle approche thérapeutique contre le cancer. Nous nous sommes ensuite intéressés à fournir une « preuve de principe » quant à la prolifération des monocytes humains après inhibition de l'expression des gènes MafB et c-Maf humains et à étudier leur potentiel dans des applications thérapeutiques. / In metazoans, specialized cells are typically withdrawn from the cell cycle, whereas stem cells and progenitor cells have extensive self-renewal potential that is usually lost on differentiation. Self-renewal is controlled by a combination of cell-intrinsic and extrinsic signals that trigger balanced cellular proliferation. In this context, we previously reported that the knock-out of two monocytic transcription factors, MafB and c-Maf, enables extended expansion of mature monocytes and macrophages in culture without loss of differentiated phenotype and function. As macrophages are involved in degenerative diseases, inflammatory diseases and cancer biology, amplified macrophages may provide potential therapeutic applications. In this context and since macrophages are also known to enhance tumor development, we aim to investigate Maf-DKO macrophages behavior in a tumor context Initially, we have shown that regardless of tumor model (ID8 ovarian carcinoma or B16 melanoma), Maf-DKO macrophages have the ability to prevent tumor growth and reduce established tumor mass in tumor bearing mice. The potential provides a novel therapeutic approach for cancer cell therapies. Next we aimed to provide a proof of principle for the amplification of human monocytes by the inhibition of MafB/c-Maf genes and to investigate their potential in therapeutic applications. So far, we have shown that the down-regulation of MafB and c-Maf in human monocytes results in a colony formation in semi-solid medium, reflecting that the knock down of MafB and c-Maf results in proliferative advantage.

The main purpose of this study is to examine and gain increased knowledge concerning the legal security of children taken into protective care. The purpose is also to enable contemporary social workers to reflect around phenomena in today´s social work, among other things how investigations are carried out surrounding children taken into protective care thought this historical study. To find out how social workers dealt with caretakings I have chosen to examine the personel files that the social workers compiled for each child and also interview a man who worked as a social worker at the time of the investigation. The paper is divided into two part studies were the first one studies legal security through Mattsson´s (2002) further development of KjÆnstad’s way to analyse legal security, namely through investigating the clarity of the law, procedural rules and the comtetenay of the social workers. The second part study focuses on the social documentation based upon the terminology real, substantial and adequate. The result of the study shows that the law was clear, but the language and terminology could be difficult to grasp. There were procedural rules but no outspoken demands for a particular education. The personal files were often to the point and contained substantial information but lacked in adequacy.

<p>The main purpose of this study is to examine and gain increased knowledge concerning the legal security of children taken into protective care. The purpose is also to enable contemporary social workers to reflect around phenomena in today´s social work, among other things how investigations are carried out surrounding children taken into protective care thought this historical study. To find out how social workers dealt with caretakings I have chosen to examine the personel files that the social workers compiled for each child and also interview a man who worked as a social worker at the time of the investigation. The paper is divided into two part studies were the first one studies legal security through Mattsson´s (2002) further development of KjÆnstad’s way to analyse legal security, namely through investigating the clarity of the law, procedural rules and the comtetenay of the social workers. The second part study focuses on the social documentation based upon the terminology real, substantial and adequate. The result of the study shows that the law was clear, but the language and terminology could be difficult to grasp. There were procedural rules but no outspoken demands for a particular education. The personal files were often to the point and contained substantial information but lacked in adequacy.</p>

Thesis (doctoral)--Göteborgs universitet, 1984. / Extra t.p. with thesis statement and summary in English inserted. Summary in German. Includes bibliographical references (p. 223-230) and index.

Thesis (doctoral)--Netherlands Graduate School of Linguistics LOT, 1998. / Abstracts in Dutch and Catalan. Includes bibliographical references (p. [265]-280) and index.

Thesis (doctoral)--Netherlands Graduate School of Linguistics LOT, 1998. / Abstracts in Dutch and Catalan. Includes bibliographical references (p. [265]-280) and index.

Thesis (doctoral)--Rijksuniversiteit te Groningen, 1985. / Text in German, summary in Dutch. Errata slip laid in. Includes bibliographical references (p. 434-459) and index.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, 1922.

Thesis (doctoral)--Université de Paris III, 1972. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 499-514) and index.

Thesis (doctoral)--Rijksuniversiteit te Groningen, 1985. / Text in German, summary in Dutch. Errata slip laid in. Includes bibliographical references (p. 434-459) and index.