• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 11
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 15
  • 15
  • 9
  • 6
  • 5
  • 5
  • 5
  • 4
  • 4
  • 4
  • 4
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Uma abordagem imuno-inspirada para a resolução do problema de planejamento de processos / A immune approach for job shop scheduling

Freitas Filho, Leonardo Jose Ramos 21 February 2008 (has links)
Orientador: Akebo Yamakami / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T17:03:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FreitasFilho_LeonardoJoseRamos_M.pdf: 1138592 bytes, checksum: 76882e62668bfba4188afce0f7b35d62 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Um dos problemas mais comuns em planejamento de processos é o escalonamento. Este se resume na alocação de tarefas a serem executadas utilizando determinados recursos, sujeitas a uma ordem de prioridades, restrição de tempo e disponibilidade. O Job Shop é um dos sistemas mais conhecidos e estudados, pois reúne características de outras classes de sistemas de planejamento, além de ser necessária a elaboração de métodos de resolução mais sofisticados devido sua alta complexidade (NP-difícil). A computação natural é constituída por novas abordagens de computação caracterizadas por uma maior proximidade com a natureza. A aplicação de métodos inspirados em sistemas imunológicos demonstra, nos últimos anos, ser promissor em diversas áreas de aplicação e pesquisa, como por exemplo, otimização. Tendo em vista este cenário, é feita aqui uma abordagem imuno-inspirada para elaboração de um sistema de otimização, através de resolução do escalonamento de um Job Shop, provendo soluções diversificas e de alta qualidade / Abstract: Scheduling problems are jobs allocation using distinct sources ordered by sequence constraint and time constraint. Job Shop is one the most studied problem because it is possible to find different scheduling features. Also this problem needs sophisticated solving methods by complexity characteristics (NP-Hard). Natural Computing uses a new computation approach representing natural systems. Immune system methods approaches shows, in the last years, good results in many applications and several researches, for example, optimization. In this scenario we developed an artificial immune system to solve Job Shop system. We will show hight diversity and quality solutions / Mestrado / Telecomunicações e Telemática / Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
12

Algoritmos para problemas de escalonamento em grades / Algorithms for scheduling problems in grid

Peixoto, Robson Roberto Souza 18 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Eduardo Candido Xavier / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T10:12:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Peixoto_RobsonRobertoSouza_M.pdf: 1268588 bytes, checksum: ff8a093aa133696dcd5bbe31bc4d6e78 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Nesta dissertação estudamos algoritmos para resolver problemas de escalonamento de tarefas em grades computacionais. Dado um conjunto de tarefas submetidas a uma grade computacional, deve-se definir em quais recursos essas tarefas serão executadas. Algoritmos de escalonamento são empregados com o objetivo de minimizar o tempo necessário para executar todas as tarefas (makespan) que foram submetidas. Nosso foco é estudar os atuais algoritmos de escalonamento usados em grades computacionais e comparar estes algoritmos. Nesta dissertação apresentamos algoritmos onlines, aproximados e heurísticas para o problema. Como resultados novos, provamos fatores de aproximação para o algoritmo RR quando utilizado para resolver os problemas R; sit|Tj|Cmax, R; sit|Tj|TPCC, R; sit|Tj = L| Cmax e R; sit|Tj = L|TPCC é justo. Por fim, definimos uma interface que adiciona replicação de tarefas a qualquer algoritmo de escalonamento, onde nós mostramos a aproximação desta interface, e apresentamos uma comparação via simulação dos algoritmos sem e com replicação. Nossas simulações mostram que, com a utilização de replicação, houve a redução no makespan de até 80% para o algoritmo Min-min. Nas nossas análises também fazemos uso da métrica RTPCC que calcula exatamente a quantidade de instruções que foram usadas para executar todas as tarefas / Abstract: In this dissertation, we studied algorithms to solve task scheduling problems in computational grids. Given a task set that was submitted to a computational grid, the problem is to define in which resources these tasks will be executed and the order they will be executed. Scheduling algorithms are used in order to minimize the time required to execute all tasks (makespan). We studied the most recent scheduling algorithms proposed to be used in computational grids, and then compare them using simulations. In this dissertation we also present approximate algorithms and new heuristics for the problem. As new results, we proved approximation factors to the RR algorithm when applied to solve the problems R; sit|Tj|Cmax, R; sit|Tj|TPCC, R; sit|Tj = L| Cmax and R; sit|Tj = L|TPCC. Finally, we defined an interface that adds task replication capability to any scheduling algorithm. We then show approximation results for algorithms using this interface, and present a comparison of well know algorithms with and without replication. This comparison is done via simulation. Our simulations show that, with replication, there was up to 80% of reduction in the makespan to some algorithms like the Min-min / Mestrado / Teoria da Computação / Mestre em Ciência da Computação
13

Étude des problèmes d’ordonnancement sur des plates-formes hétérogènes en modèle multi-port

Rejeb, Hejer 30 August 2011 (has links)
Les travaux menés dans cette thèse concernent les problèmes d'ordonnancement sur des plates-formes de calcul dynamiques et hétérogènes et s'appuient sur le modèle de communication "multi-port" pour les communications. Nous avons considéré le problème de l'ordonnancement des tâches indépendantes sur des plates-formes maîtres-esclaves, dans les contextes statique et dynamique. Nous nous sommes également intéressé au problème de la redistribution de fichiers répliqués dans le cadre de l'équilibrage de charge. Enfin, nous avons étudié l'importance des mécanismes de partage de bande passante pour obtenir une meilleure efficacité du système. / The results presented in this document deal with scheduling problems on dynamic and heterogeneous computing platforms under the "multiport" model for the communications. We have considered the problem of scheduling independent tasks on master-slave platforms, in both offline and online contexts. We have also proposed algorithms for replicated files redistribution to achieve load balancing. Finally, we have studied the importance of bandwidth sharing mechanisms to achieve better efficiency.
14

Stabilité et performance des systèmes distribués de contrôle-commande / Stability and performance of distributed computer control systems

Felicioni, Flavia 10 March 2011 (has links)
L’objectif principal de cette thèse est l’étude de propriétés dynamiques et de méthodes de conception et synthèse des algorithmes de contrôle-commande des systèmes dans le cas où les fonctions de mesures, actionnements et contrôles sont distribuées sur des organes de calcul pouvant être partagés avec d’autres applications et connectés sur un réseau de communication numérique. En conséquence, les boucles de contrôle sont en compétition avec d’autres applications pour accéder aux ressources de calcul et de communication de capacité limitée et gérées par des politiques spécifiques. Ceci provoque l’apparition de délais et de perte d’informations transmises entre les différents nœuds qui peuvent dégrader les performances des systèmes et conduire à leur instabilité.Dans une première partie de la thèse, nous avons étudié l’analyse des performances de certains systèmes ainsi que la conception de contrôleurs robustes en fonction de la qualité de service fournie par le réseau. Cette étude a permis de spécifier les règles de conception de contrôleurs.Dans la deuxième partie, nous avons présenté une approche de conception conjointe intégrant les résultats obtenus dans les deux domaines: la synthèse et la conception des algorithmes de contrôle et l’ordonnancement de tâches temps réel qui partagent des ressources limitées. La technique proposée repose sur le changement de la période d’activation de l’algorithme de contrôle, et en conséquence le modèle du système devient un modèle échantillonné à taux variable. Les résultats proposés, en considérant l’algèbre de Lie des matrices d’évolution, permettent de calculer des contrôleurs adaptifs aux périodes qui stabilisent tous le système / The main contributions of this thesis are related to the analysis, synthesis and design of control systems sharing communication and computational resources. The research focuses on control systems where the feedback loops are closed over communication networks which transmit the information provided to its nodes by sensors, actuators and controllers. The shared resource in this scenario is the network. Some of the results are valid when the resource is a processor locally placed respect to several controller executing their algorithms on it. In any of the preceding scenarios, the control loops must contend for the shared resource. The limited capacity of the resource can cause delays and packet losses when information is transmitted. These effects can degrade the control system performance and even destabilize it.The first part of this thesis contributes to the performance analysis of specific classes of systems and to the design of robust controllers for network characteristics modeled by Quality of Service parameters. A series of methods to assist the control systems engineer are provided.In the second part, a contribution to the CoDesign approach is made via the integration of control system synthesis and design techniques with rules allowing to define the communication policy to manage real-time tasks sharing a limited resource. Putting in correspondence a scheduling of instances of the controller tasks with their sampling periods, the proposed policy results in discrete-time varying systems. The stabilization problem of these systems is solved with methods based on the solvability of Lie-algebras. Specifically, the proposed methodology provides adaptive controllers
15

Résolution triangulaire de systèmes linéaires creux de grande taille dans un contexte parallèle multifrontal et hors-mémoire / Parallel triangular solution in the out-of-core multifrontal approach for solving large sparse linear systems

Slavova, Tzvetomila 28 April 2009 (has links)
Nous nous intéressons à la résolution de systèmes linéaires creux de très grande taille par des méthodes directes de factorisation. Dans ce contexte, la taille de la matrice des facteurs constitue un des facteurs limitants principaux pour l'utilisation de méthodes directes de résolution. Nous supposons donc que la matrice des facteurs est de trop grande taille pour être rangée dans la mémoire principale du multiprocesseur et qu'elle a donc été écrite sur les disques locaux (hors-mémoire : OOC) d'une machine multiprocesseurs durant l'étape de factorisation. Nous nous intéressons à l'étude et au développement de techniques efficaces pour la phase de résolution après une factorization multifrontale creuse. La phase de résolution, souvent négligée dans les travaux sur les méthodes directes de résolution directe creuse, constitue alors un point critique de la performance de nombreuses applications scientifiques, souvent même plus critique que l'étape de factorisation. Cette thèse se compose de deux parties. Dans la première partie nous nous proposons des algorithmes pour améliorer la performance de la résolution hors-mémoire. Dans la deuxième partie nous pousuivons ce travail en montrant comment exploiter la nature creuse des seconds membres pour réduire le volume de données accédées en mémoire. Dans la première partie de cette thèse nous introduisons deux approches de lecture des données sur le disque dur. Nous montrons ensuite que dans un environnement parallèle le séquencement des tâches peut fortement influencer la performance. Nous prouvons qu'un ordonnancement contraint des tâches peut être introduit; qu'il n'introduit pas d'interblocage entre processus et qu'il permet d'améliorer les performances. Nous conduisons nos expériences sur des problèmes industriels de grande taille (plus de 8 Millions d'inconnues) et utilisons une version hors-mémoire d'un code multifrontal creux appelé MUMPS (solveur multifrontal parallèle). Dans la deuxième partie de ce travail nous nous intéressons au cas de seconds membres creux multiples. Ce problème apparaît dans des applications en electromagnétisme et en assimilation de données et résulte du besoin de calculer l'espace propre d'une matrice fortement déficiente, du calcul d'éléments de l'inverse de la matrice associée aux équations normales pour les moindres carrés linéaires ou encore du traitement de matrices fortement réductibles en programmation linéaire. Nous décrivons un algorithme efficace de réduction du volume d'Entrées/Sorties sur le disque lors d'une résolution hors-mémoire. Plus généralement nous montrons comment le caractère creux des seconds -membres peut être exploité pour réduire le nombre d'opérations et le nombre d'accès à la mémoire lors de l'étape de résolution. Le travail présenté dans cette thèse a été partiellement financé par le projet SOLSTICE de l'ANR (ANR-06-CIS6-010). / We consider the solution of very large systems of linear equations with direct multifrontal methods. In this context the size of the factors is an important limitation for the use of sparse direct solvers. We will thus assume that the factors have been written on the local disks of our target multiprocessor machine during parallel factorization. Our main focus is the study and the design of efficient approaches for the forward and backward substitution phases after a sparse multifrontal factorization. These phases involve sparse triangular solution and have often been neglected in previous works on sparse direct factorization. In many applications, however, the time for the solution can be the main bottleneck for the performance. This thesis consists of two parts. The focus of the first part is on optimizing the out-of-core performance of the solution phase. The focus of the second part is to further improve the performance by exploiting the sparsity of the right-hand side vectors. In the first part, we describe and compare two approaches to access data from the hard disk. We then show that in a parallel environment the task scheduling can strongly influence the performance. We prove that a constraint ordering of the tasks is possible; it does not introduce any deadlock and it improves the performance. Experiments on large real test problems (more than 8 million unknowns) using an out-of-core version of a sparse multifrontal code called MUMPS (MUltifrontal Massively Parallel Solver) are used to analyse the behaviour of our algorithms. In the second part, we are interested in applications with sparse multiple right-hand sides, particularly those with single nonzero entries. The motivating applications arise in electromagnetism and data assimilation. In such applications, we need either to compute the null space of a highly rank deficient matrix or to compute entries in the inverse of a matrix associated with the normal equations of linear least-squares problems. We cast both of these problems as linear systems with multiple right-hand side vectors, each containing a single nonzero entry. We describe, implement and comment on efficient algorithms to reduce the input-output cost during an outof- core execution. We show how the sparsity of the right-hand side can be exploited to limit both the number of operations and the amount of data accessed. The work presented in this thesis has been partially supported by SOLSTICE ANR project (ANR-06-CIS6-010).

Page generated in 0.0887 seconds