No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Many taxing authorities, including those in the United States (U.S.), rely on voluntary tax compliance and continually search for ways to increase tax revenues. Most of these methods are costly and labor intensive, such as audits and penalties for noncompliance. Prior tax compliance research has heavily investigated the influence that economic factors, such as tax rates and penalties, have on individual compliance intentions. However, economic models fail to fully predict individual tax compliance. Psychology literature suggests that social factors may also play an important role in individual tax compliance decisions. The purpose of this study is to examine the influence that social and psychological factors have on individuals' tax compliance intentions. Specifically, a model of taxpayer compliance is hypothesized that suggests that norms, perceived fairness of the tax system, and trust in government have a significant influence on compliance intentions. Results of a survey of 217 U.S. taxpayers found support for the influence of social factors on tax compliance. This research concludes that social norms have an indirect influence on compliance intentions through internalization as personal norms. Specifically, as the strength of social norms in favor of tax compliance increase, personal norms of tax compliance also increase, and this leads to a subsequent increase in compliance intentions. This dissertation also finds that trust in government and the perceived fairness of the tax system have a significant influence on compliance intentions. Supplemental analyses indicate that trust in government fully mediates the relationship between perceived fairness of the tax system and compliance intentions. This research offers several contributions to accounting literature and provides valuable insight for taxing authorities. First, this study examines taxpayer compliance from a psychological, rather than an economics driven, perspective. The suggested model of taxpayer compliance posits that social norms have a significant influence on compliance intentions. This information may help taxing authorities develop less costly and more effective strategies for increasing taxpayer compliance. This study also examines the influence that perceived fairness of the tax system has on compliance intentions. This is a widely debated topic in the media and social settings and may have a particularly strong influence on compliance intentions during these times of political and social arguments regarding tax equity. Finally, trust in government around the world has seen a continual decline. The results indicate that decreased trust in government and decreased perceived fairness of the tax system lead to decreased intention to comply with tax laws. Such information may help governments understand actions they can take to improve tax compliance.

Disclosure in financial statements in general has been the subject of many studies, yet disclosure in banks' financial statements has not yet been given the attention and research it deserves. Such a lack of attention might be due to the financial statements users themselves not paying enough attention to it, or due to the banks' management not being keen to practise more disclosure within their financial statements.In Kuwait, disclosure in general, and within the banking industry in particular, has been receiving more attention for the last ten years or so, but such attention has not been explained yet.International accounting standard No.30 forms the foundation of the disclosure in the banks financial statements and similar institutions, and as Kuwait implemented the International Accounting Standards in 1990, banks fell under the IAS 30 requirements regarding the disclosure in their financial statements. In this exploratory study, two avenues are investigated: first, users' evaluation of the disclosure level within the banks' financial statements in Kuwait; and second, the measurement of the actual disclosure in the banks' financial statements in Kuwait. Asurvey method is applied to evaluate the disclosure level in the banks' financial statements, while an index method is applied to for measuring the disclosure level in the banks' financial statements.

The aim of my thesis is a comprehensive overview of the problem of the income taxation of professional sportsmen. Starting from a domestic perspective, this thesis begins with analysis of the domestic tax system. It explains important underlying terms such as tax, tax law, direct taxes, indirect taxes, as well e.g. tax resident and non-resident. Then the thesis deals with the main issue of the income taxation of professional sportsmen. This part of the thesis includes main topics such as direct taxation of Czech tax residents, direct taxation of non-residents in the Czech Republic as well as the double taxation phenomenon. The issues concerning the double taxation phenomenon such as taxation of the income reached in one country in another country, without any use of double taxation convention as well as with use of double taxation convention are deeply discussed. Consequently, the thesis analyzes two main model tax conventions, i.e. Model Double Taxation Convention between Developed and Developing Countries released by United Nations and Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital, released by OECD. Regarding all of expressions and input information mentioned in this part, the thesis explains the income taxation of professional sportsmen and sportsmen amateurs in case of obtained prize money as well....

M.Comm. / The purpose of this study is to discuss the deductibility of interest paid. Interest income is ignored for the purposes of this document. This study investigates the South African tax consequences of the eductibility of interest paid only. Interest is not defined in the Income Tax Act (South Africa, 1962) and therefore gives rise to litigation. Case law is an important source of this study. The deductibility of interest paid is of great importance, because of the aggressive globalization of groups of companies and the relaxation of exchange control. The companies should structure their finances in such a way that the interest on the financing of their new overseas ventures is still deductible and that the structuring does not give rise to diversionary transactions and be open to attack by SARS.

M.Com. (Taxation) / Financial prices such as interest rates, currency exchange rates and equity prices have become more volatile In recent years making financial costs more difficult to predict and control. Just as commodity Mures exchanges grew out of the need for a mechanism to protect producers and users of commodities from the effects of fluctuations In prices, so the financial futures markets have developed to provide a means of lessening the Impact of fluctuations in interest rates, currency exchange rates and share Indices. A futures contract Is a transferable agreement to buy or sell a standardised amount of a commodity of standardised quality at a fixed price on a specific future date underterms and conditions ofarecognised exchange. A significant milestone was reached in the development of South Africa's financial markets with the simultaneous publication and the release to the public of the reports of the Stals and Jacobs Committees in July 1988. The road had not been all that smooth up to that point. The 1985 debt standstill and all the implications which flowed therefrom had made for a somewhat bumpy ride. However, by mid·1988 the markets were once again picking up the threads and making furtherstrides forward. Flowing from the recommendations of these two committees has been the establishment of the South African Futures Exchange and the South African Futures Clearing Company where financial Mures will be freely traded. The South African tax authorities could not provide the above committee with clear guidelines as to how Mures transactions would be treated for tax purposes In the South African context, except that Receivers of Revenue, having regard to decisions handed down by the courts In a variety of cases considered over a period of many years, would decide whether any particular transaction, or series of transactions, Is ofe~her a ·revenue" or "capital" nature. If the transaction is considered to be on "revenue" account, then the profit (or loss) Is taken Into account In the determination of taxable Income for Income tax purposes. The distinction becomes of paramount Importance when dealing In futures as no capital gains tax exists In South Africa and personal and company tax rates are relatively high.

No description available.