Cette thèse vise à améliorer la précision numérique des simulations aéroacoustiques d’écoulements dans un contexte précis, celui du cadre industriel avec un partenariat Dassault Aviation. Pour répondre à cette problématique, la modélisation aux grandes échelles est utilisée afin de la rendre plus efficace et adaptée à la méthode numérique des éléments finis stabilisée par SUPG/GLS. Afin de préciser la méthode numérique, une première partie est consacrée à la formulation théorique et pratique du code AETHER utilisé. La précision des schémas numériques spatial et temporel est aussi présentée. L’idéologie principale issue de la famille des modèles Variational Multi-Scale a été retenue afin de construire le nouveau modèle de sous-maille. En effet, une précédente thèse avait démontré la pertinence de ce type d’approche pour les éléments finis. Même si le cadre est applicatif, cette thèse propose une réflexion générale sur le filtrage numérique en éléments finis ainsi qu’un nouveau procédé pour filtrer le plus efficacement l’écoulement calculé. Cette nouvelle approche de filtrage est particulièrement bien adaptée aux éléments finis et à la montée en ordre spatial. Un modèle hybride de gestion des parois est aussi développé afin de pouvoir utiliser le nouveau modèle de sous-maille dans des configurations complexes comprenant des surfaces solides. Le processus de filtrage est testé sur le cas académique des tourbillons de Taylor-Green et présente un réel gain. Enfin le modèle global est utilisé pour calculer une configuration industrielle de tri-corps hypersustenté nommée LEISA II. Grâce au nouveau modèle proposé et validé par les résultats expérimentaux, il a été possible de fournir des interprétations physiques pointues sur le comportement complexe de l’écoulement du bec et du bruit qu’il génère. Cette dernière partie est une illustration pertinente de l’utilisation des modèles aux grandes échelles pourtant coûteux, et cela même dans un contexte industriel. / The goal of this thesis is to improve the numerical accuracy for aeroacoustic flow simulations in a given scope, that is an industrial application for a partnership with the aircraft company Dassault Aviation. These works are then looking for a new large eddy simulation (LES) model which is efficient and well suited for the finite element formulation and the SUPG/GLS stabilisation method. In order to clarify the scientific environment and numerical tools, a first part is devoted to the theoretical and practical framework of the AETHER code. The spatial and temporal performances of its numerical schemes are assessed too. The philosophy of the Variational Multi-scale models has been selected to build an improvement for the new subgrid model. Indeed, a previous thesis had already demonstrated the relevance of this kind of models especially for the finite element method. Despite the industrial framework, a general reflection on the numerical filtering in finite elements is suggested and a new filtering process is developed in order to sort efficiently the scales of the simulated flow. This new filtering method is especially well fitted to finite element simulations and the high spatial order schemes. An hybrid model has been developed too in order to be able to use the new VMS model in complex configurations involving solid bodies. The filtering process is assessed on an academic case called Taylor-Green vortices and shows a real benefit compare to classical approaches. Finally the whole model is used to compute an industrial configuration, a three-element high-lift device called LEISA II. Thank to the validation of the new model with the experimental results, it has been possible to find accurate explanations about the complex flow behaviour of the slat and its noise generation. This last part is a relevant demonstration of the LES models use in the industrial world even if they are still costly in computation ressources.

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The evolution of numerical methods and computational facilities allow re- searchers to explore complex physical phenomenons such as multiphase flows. The specific regime of incompressible, turbulent, bubbly two-phase flow (where a car- rier fluid is infused with bubbles or particles) is also receiving increased attention due to it’s appearance in major industrial processes. The main challenges arise from coupling individual aspects of the physics into a unified model and to provide a robust numerical framework. The presented work aimed at to achieve the second part by employing the most frequently used dispersed two-phase flow model and another incompressible, turbulent single phase solver as a base flow provider for coupled Lagrangian or surface tracking tools. Among the numerical techniques, the finite element method is a powerful can- didate when the need arises for multiphysics simulations (for example coupling with an electrochemical module) where the counterpart has a node based ap- proach. Stabilization schemes such as PSPG/SUPG/BULK provide remedies for the pressure decoupling and the inherent instability of the central discretization when applied for convective flow problems. As an alternative to unsteady solvers based upon an explicit or a fully im- plicit nonlinear treatment of the convective terms, a semi-implicit scheme results in a method of second order accurate in both space and time, has absolute linear stability and requires only a single or two linear system solution per time step. The application of the skew symmetric approach to the convective term further stabilizes the solution procedure and in some cases it even prevents divergence. The Eulerian-Eulerian two-phase flow model poses various issues to be over- come. The major difficulty is the density ratio between the phases; for an ordinary engineering problem it is in the order of thousands or more. The seemingly minus- cule differences in the formulation of the stabilizations can cause very different end results and require careful analysis. Volume fraction boundedness is of concern as well, but it is treatable by solving for its logarithm. Since the equations allow jumps (even separation of the phases) in the volume fraction field, discontinuity capturing techniques are also needed. Besides the standard ’spatial’ stabilization temporal smoothing is also necessary, otherwise the limitation in time step size becomes too stringent. Designing a flow solver is one side of the adventure, but verification is equally important. Comparison against analytical solution (such as the single and two- phase Taylor-Green testcase) provides insight and confirmation about the mathe- matical and physical properties. Meanwhile comparing with real life experiments prove the industrialization and usability of a code, dealing with low quality meshes and effective utilization of computer clusters. / Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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