Submitted by Rosina Valeria Lanzellotti Mattiussi Teixeira (rosina.teixeira@unisantos.br) on 2017-06-30T18:27:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Joelma Silveira G. de Lima.pdf: 2524220 bytes, checksum: de471699b435944576494db48a003f9d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-30T18:27:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Joelma Silveira G. de Lima.pdf: 2524220 bytes, checksum: de471699b435944576494db48a003f9d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-10 / The research developed with teachers of Elementary School II (EF II), aims to identify the perceptions of teachers about their formation and performance. The text is based on theoretical references, which deal with teacher training and professionalism, and especially Freire's theory (Freire, 2007, 2010, 2014, 2016), revisiting the concepts of dialogicity, action-reflection and awareness. It is based on the assumption that the pedagogical work is constituted by the teachers' perception of the context and the school culture, of the management, of their relation with the student, of the social valorization of the profession, of their social history of life and of their Training and acting throughout the professional career. The focus of the study focuses on the perceptions of EF II teachers, because there is little research on this teaching stage, and they are directed towards understanding the formation and the teaching performance. The qualitative research was developed in three stages: bibliographic survey on the theme in question; Interviews with managers, students and teachers in public schools of the municipal network of Santos and in-depth interviews with four (04) teachers from four different schools in order to deepen understanding about the data collected earlier. Through the content analysis technique (BARDIN, 2007), data were organized in the following dimensions of analysis - Teacher Training and Teaching - and their respective categories of analysis - Initial and Continuing Education, Political Pedagogical Project (PPP) and Difficulties Of Teaching -, as well as the sense units, since they understand the perceptions of EF II teachers on the subject matter. The results point to the need to review: 1st the initial training of teachers in the different undergraduate courses - in order to know their trajectory of formation and to understand how (re) constitutes the personal and professional identity; Moreover, to favor a better articulation between theory and practice; 2º ongoing formation - seeking to foster, for HTPC, more participative practices and exchanges of experiences in order to promote moments of dialogue, action-reflection and awareness; 3º the PPP - so that it is possible to encourage the participation of teachers and other professionals of the School in its (re) construction, through planned actions, executed and evaluated continuously; 4º the relationship of teachers with students and their families - so that it is strengthened and encouraged by the School (managers, teachers and students), thus seeking to minimize many of the difficulties in teaching work. It is also considered that effective studies and policies of action need to be improved and guaranteed, including quality training and improvements in salary and working conditions. / A pesquisa, desenvolvida com professores do Ensino Fundamental II (EF II), tem como objetivo identificar as percepções dos professores sobre sua formação e atuação. O texto fundamenta-se em referenciais teóricos, que tratam da formação e da profissionalização docente, e, em especial, na teoria freireana (FREIRE, 2007, 2010, 2014, 2016), revisitando os conceitos de dialogicidade, ação-reflexão e conscientização. Parte-se do pressuposto de que o trabalho pedagógico se constitui pela percepção dos professores a respeito do contexto e da cultura escolar, da gestão, de sua relação com o aluno, da valorização social da profissão, de seu histórico social de vida e de sua formação e atuação ao longo da carreira profissional. O foco do estudo se concentra nas percepções dos professores de EF II, porque há poucas investigações sobre esta etapa de ensino, e que se direcionam para compreender a formação e a atuação docente.A pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa foi desenvolvida em três etapas: levantamento bibliográfico sobre a temática em questão; entrevistas com gestores, alunos e professores em escolas públicas da rede municipal de Santos e entrevistas de aprofundamento com quatro (04) professores do EF II de escolas diferentes, a fim de aprofundar a compreensão sobre os dados coletados anteriormente. Por meio da técnica da análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2007), os dados foram organizados nas seguintes dimensões de análise - Formação Docente e Atuação Docente ¿ e suas respectivas categorias de análise ¿ Formação Inicial e Continuada, Projeto Político Pedagógico (PPP) e Dificuldades da Docência ¿, além das unidades de sentido, por considerar que as mesmas compreendem as percepções dos professores do EF II sobre a temática em questão. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de se rever: 1º a formação inicial dos professores nos diferentes cursos de licenciatura ¿ de modo a conhecer suas trajetórias de formação e compreender como se (re)constitui a identidade pessoal e profissional; além disso, privilegiar uma melhor articulação entre a teoria e a prática; 2º a formação continuada ¿ procurando fomentar, para a HTPC, práticas mais participativas e de trocas de experiências no sentido de oportunizar a dialogicidade, a ação-reflexão e a conscientização; 3º o PPP ¿ de forma a que seja possível incentivar a participação dos professores e demais profissionais da Escola em sua (re)construção, por meio de ações planejadas, executadas e avaliadas de forma contínua; 4º a relação dos professores com os alunos e com suas famílias ¿ a fim de que a mesma seja fortalecida e incentivada pela Escola (gestores, professores e alunos), procurando minimizar, dessa forma, muitas das dificuldades em torno do trabalho docente. Considera-se, ainda, que estudos e políticas efetivas de ação precisam ser aprimoradas e garantidas, incluindo a formação de qualidade e melhorias no salário e nas condições de trabalho.

The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of problem-based learning (PBL) on 9th grade students&rsquo / geometry achievement. The study was conducted in a rural town of Ankara with 44 ninth-grade high school students. The randomized pretest-posttest control group design was used. The experimental group was instructed with hybrid PBL and the control group was instructed with traditional teaching methods. The treatment was given for 4 hours every week for a total of six weeks. Geometry Achievement Test (GAT) was administrated as pre-test, post test and retention test to both groups to measure students&rsquo / academic achievement in geometry, was developed by the researcher. This test included 18 items which were related to polygons and circular region. In order to analyze the obtained data, Mann-Witney U, Independent T-test and one-way repeated measures Analysis of Variance were used. Analysis of post test results indicated that there was no statistically significant mean rank difference between students who were instructed by traditional teaching method and those who were instructed by PBL. There was also no significant mean difference between retention of GAT scores of the two groups. In addition, a statistically significant change in GAT scores of students who were instructed by PBL across three time periods (pre-treatment, post treatment and retention) was found. There were statistically significant mean differences between their prior and post GAT scores / and between their prior and retention GAT scores of the PBL method group. On the other hand, there was no statistically significant mean difference between post and retention GAT scores. The present study suggests that PBL can contribute to students&rsquo / retention of geometry achievement

Obesity is nowadays one of the very topics discussed as a highly serious health problem. This thesis is concerned with the percentage of body fat have student teachers for 1st Primary Schools Faculty of Education, University of South Bohemia in Czech Budejovice and the results are compared with the survey in 2005. Research underwent 114 students, of which 8 were men and 106 women. Measurements were carried out in the months of May to October of 2011. For measuring device was used OMRON BF 300, which uses the method of bioelectrical impedance of the upper limbs. The results show that, compared with research in 2005 there was a slight increase in percent body fat in women and men.

Das Lehramtsstudium an der Universität Leipzig ist in der Bachelorphase schulformunspezifisch angelegt. Wie wir jedoch aus quantitativen Studien wissen, legen sich die Studierenden bereits zu Studienbeginn zu einem großen Maße auf die Schulform der späteren Lehrtätigkeit fest. So zeigt Abbildung 1 die Ergebnisse der Befragung von Studienanfängerinnen und –anfängern im Wintersemester 2009 / 2010 (275 Teilnehmende; 43,5 % der 632 Studierenden). Die Befragung erfolgte in der Einführungswoche, also vor dem Kontakt mit Inhalten universitärer Lehrer / innenbildung. Allerdings sagen diese Daten nichts über die Gründe der Studierenden aus, sich für oder gegen eine bestimmte Schulform zu entscheiden. Die Kenntnis der Motivstruktur ist im Hinblick auf Regulierung von Studienplätzen nach Schulformen (sog. Kapazitätslenkung) im Zuge der Wiedereinführung des Staatsexamens von besonderer Bedeutung. Am Zentrum für Lehrerbildung und Schulforschung wurde daher 2010 eine umfassende Interviewstudie mit Studierenden in unterschiedlichen Phasen des Lehramtsstudiums und mit unterschiedlichen Ausrichtungen bzw. Masterprofilen durchgeführt.

Buscamos investigar, neste trabalho, quais são os discursos sobre os gêneros discursivos que circulam entre sujeitos-professores que atuam nos anos finais (4º e 5º anos) do Ensino Fundamental I, em escolas públicas municipais. Buscamos compreender também, a maneira como esses sujeitos (se) significam, em suas relações com a língua e a história. O interesse pela temática investigada se dá, principalmente, porque observamos, ao longo de nossos anos de experiência no magistério, que, embora os gêneros discursivos conforme definidos por Bakhtin (1997) sejam considerados pelos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais e por outros documentos legais que fundamentam a Educação Básica, como um dos principais objetivos do ensino de língua portuguesa, o conceito ainda desperta muitas dúvidas nos docentes. Filiamo-nos à Análise de Discurso de matriz francesa, postulada por Pêcheux (2009), área do conhecimento basicamente constituída na intersecção entre o materialismo histórico, a psicanálise e a linguística, e que considera a língua como lugar de materialização do discurso que é a língua em movimento, em uso pelos sujeitos. Na construção de nosso referencial teórico, mobilizamos, ainda, a teoria bakhtiniana dos gêneros do discurso, e as contribuições de teóricos das ciências da educação, tais como Pimenta (2012), Tardif (2002), Giroux (1997), Sacristán (1998), entre outros. O corpus da pesquisa é representado por seis entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas com sujeitos-professores que atuam em classes de 4º e 5º ano do ensino fundamental, em escolas de rede pública municipal. A partir da transcrição das entrevistas, foram realizados recortes que constituíram o material analisado neste estudo. As análises realizadas aqui indiciam que os sujeitos-professores entrevistados circulam por formações discursivas e ideológicas cristalizadas, no que diz respeito à relação dos estudantes com a língua. Tais docentes buscam desenvolver um trabalho pedagógico mediado pelos critérios de suposta familiaridade, utilidade ou praticidade em relação aos usos sociais que os gêneros discursivos poderiam ter para os estudantes. Além disso, as análises discursivas de alguns recortes apontam para um equívoco na compreensão do conceito bakhtiniano de gêneros discursivos, compreendidos, no cotidiano escolar, como uma classificação tipológica e estanque, excluindo a dinamicidade e a plasticidade que envolvem o conceito, conforme proposto por Bakhtin (1997). A cristalização da definição do conceito de gêneros discursivos, na dimensão tipológica, favorece o cerceamento da prática pedagógica, colaborando para a difusão de práticas que visam o esgotamento dos gêneros discursivos, buscando apresentar o maior número possível de gêneros aos estudantes, sob a forma de modelos que deverão ser seguidos em suas produções textuais futuras, e que lhes serão cobrados em avaliações internas e externas. / We seek to investigate this work, what are the discourses on the genres that circulate between subject teachers working in the final years (4th and 5th years) of the elementary school, in public schools. We seek to understand also how these guys (if) mean, in their relations with the language and history. The interest in the area investigated is given mainly because we see over our years of experience in teaching, that although the genres - as defined by Bakhtin (1997) - are considered by the National Curriculum Parameters and other legal documents that support basic education, as one of the main objectives of the Portuguese language teaching, the concept still raises many questions on teachers. We come ourselves to the French headquarters of Discourse Analysis postulated by Pêcheux (2009), area of knowledge basically formed at the intersection of historical materialism, psychoanalysis and linguistics, and considers language as a place of materialization of speech - which is the language in motion, in use by the subjects. In the construction of our theoretical framework also we mobilized Bakhtin theory of discourse genres, and the theoretical contributions of education sciences, such as pepper (2012), Tardif (2002), Giroux (1997), Sacristan (1998), among others. The corpus of the research is represented by six semi-structured interviews conducted with subject teachers who work in classes 4th and 5th years of primary education in municipal public schools. From the transcript of the interviews, clippings were performed (ORLANDI, 1987) that constituted the material analyzed in this study. The analyzes performed in this study indicate that the subjects interviewed teachers circulate discursive and ideological formations crystallized, with regard to the relationship of the students with the language. These teachers seek to develop a teaching job mediated by alleged criteria \"familiarity\", \"utility\" or \"practical\" about the social uses that genres could have for students. In addition, the discursive analysis of some cuts point to a mistake in the understanding of Bakhtin concept of genres, understood in everyday school life, as a typological and tight classification, excluding the dynamics and plasticity involving the concept, as proposed by Bakhtin (1997). Crystallization of the definition of genres in the typological dimension favors the restriction of pedagogical practice, contributing to the spread of practices aimed at \"exhaustion\" of genres, seeking to present the widest possible range of genres to students in the form of models to be followed in its future textual productions, and that they are charged on internal and external evaluations.

The thesis focuses on the beginnings and historical development of elementary education in the village of Šindlovy Dvory between 1919 and 1950. It summarizes and analyzes available regional sources. The first chapter deals with the history of connected municipalities from 1259 to 1950. The following chapters are devoted to the emergence of a Czech school, the lesson planning, students´statistics, changes in the teaching staff, extracurricular activities, numerous celebrations, important events, collections and use of the school building. The thesis also examincs the influence of historical events and political changes on education.

<p>U doktorskoj disertaciji&nbsp; je najpre sagledana teorijska osnova primene računara i interaktivne nastave u nastavi biologije.</p><p>Za potrebe eksperimentalnog istraživanja kreirane su prezentacije 10 nastavnih jedinica iz nastavne teme Osnovi molekularne biologije prema programu&nbsp; biologije za IV razred gimnazije prirodno-matematičkog smera u Preziju. U eksperimentu sa paralelnim grupama ova nastavna tema je u eksperimentalnoj grupi realizovana<br />interaktivnom nastavom uz podr&scaron;ku računara radom u parovima, a u kontrolnoj grupi tradicionalnom nastavom.</p><p>Pedago&scaron;ki eksperiment je sproveden na uzorku od 142 učenika (72 učenika u E i 70 učenika u K grupi).</p><p>U istraživanju su primenjeni sledeći instrumenti: inicijalni test, finalni test i retest (sva tri testa su obuhvatala pitanja na tri nivoa znanja: poznavanje činjenica, razumevanje pojmova i analiza i rezonovanje) i anketa za učenike E grupe o primeni interaktivne nastave biologije uz podr&scaron;ku računara.</p><p>Na&nbsp; početku&nbsp; istraživanja E&nbsp; i K&nbsp; grupa su ujednačene&nbsp; na&nbsp; osnovu: op&scaron;teg&nbsp; uspeha&nbsp; učenika, uspeha iz biologije i hemije na&nbsp; polugodi&scaron;tu IV razreda gimnazije&nbsp; i na osnovu rezultata&nbsp;&nbsp; inicijalnog&nbsp; testa&nbsp; znanja iz&nbsp; biologije.&nbsp; Nakon obrade nastavne&nbsp; teme&nbsp; Osnovi molekularne biologije&nbsp; primenom različitih modela&nbsp; nastave u E i K grupi izvr&scaron;eno&nbsp; je&nbsp; finalno test i ranje učenika E i K grupe,&nbsp; a&nbsp; nakon 60 dana ponovno testiranje (retestiranje)&nbsp; učenika&nbsp; obe&nbsp; grupe&nbsp; istim testom. Učenici E grupe su nakon zavr &scaron;enog ist raţivanja po punili anket u u ko jo j s u izneli svoje mi&scaron;ljenje o kvalitetu multimedijalnih prezentacija kreiranih u Preziju i učenju biologije interaktivnom nast avom uz podr&scaron;ku računar a.&nbsp; Rezultati testova znanja učenika E i K grupe i ankete predstavljeni su odgovarajućim statističkim parametarima.</p><p>Učenici&nbsp; E grupe&nbsp; su ostvarili znatno bolji&nbsp; uspeh od učenika&nbsp; K&nbsp; grupe&nbsp; na&nbsp; finalnom&nbsp; test u i retestu u celini&nbsp; i na sva tri nioa znanja: poznavanje činjenica, razumevanje pojmova i analiza i rezonovanje. Ostvarene razlike u postignuću učenika E i K grupe na finalnom testu i retestu u celini i na sva tri nivoa znanja su bile u korist E grupe i statistički su značajne.</p><p>Rezultati ankete su pokazali da učenici eksperimentalne grupe imaju pozitivno mi&scaron;ljenje o kvalitetu prezentacija nastavnih jedinica iz nastavne teme Osnovi molekularne biologije kreiranih u Preziju, kao i o primeni interaktivne nastave biologije uz podr&scaron;ku računara u gimnaziji.</p><p>Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali veću efikasnost interaktivne nastave biologije uz podr&scaron;ku računara u odnosu na tradicionalnu nastavu, a rezultati ankete da učenici prihvataju inovativni pristup nastavi biologije. Oni takođe ukazuju na potrebu veće zastupljenosti&nbsp; savremenih didaktičkih modela u nastavi biologije i drugih prirodnih i<br />dru&scaron;tvenih nauka.</p> / <p>Firstly, doctoral dissertation overviews theoretical aspect of computer application and interactive teaching in biology teaching.</p><p>For the purposes of experimental research, 10 Prezi presentations of teaching units from Basics of molecular biology for the 4 th grade of grammar schools, science major was created. This teaching topic was realized in experimental group by means of interactive teaching with the support of computers and pair work, whereas the teaching method applied for the control group was the traditional one.</p><p>Pedagogical experiment was conducted on the sample of 142 students (72 students in the E group and 70 students in the C group).</p><p>The following instruments were applied during the research: init ial test, final test and&nbsp; retest (all the tests comprised the questions from three different levels of knowledge: knowledge of facts, comprehension of notions and analysis and reasoning) and the questionnaire for the&nbsp; E group students about application of i nteractive biology teaching with computer support.</p><p>At the beginning of the research&nbsp; the&nbsp; E and the&nbsp; C groups were levelled according to: general success at school, grades in biology and chemistry in the first semester of the fourth grade of grammar&nbsp; school a nd initial test results in biology. After the completion of teaching process regarding the topic Basics of molecular biology by applying different models of teaching in the&nbsp; E and the&nbsp; C groups the final testing was conducted for the students of the&nbsp; E and the&nbsp; C groups followed by retesting for both groups in 60 days. After the test the E group students completed a questionnaire giving their opinion on quality of multimedia Prezi presentations and learning biology through interactive teaching method with computer support.&nbsp; The knowledge test results for the students of&nbsp; the&nbsp; E and&nbsp; the&nbsp; C groups were present ed by means of statistical parameters.</p><p>The E group students achieved far better results compared to the C group of students&nbsp; in final test and retest at all three&nbsp; tested&nbsp; levels of knowledge: knowledge of facts, comprehension of notions and analysis and reasoning. The differences in student achievement between the groups E and C in final test and retest at all levels of&nbsp; knowledge were in favour of the E group&nbsp; and also statistically significant.</p><p>The questionnaire results indicated that the students in experimental group have positive opinion on the quality fpresentation of teaching units from the teaching topic Basics on molecular biology that were created in Pre zi application as well as positive opinion of application of interactive teaching and computers in biology teaching for grammar schools.</p><p>The results of the research showed higher efficiency of interactive biology teaching with computer support compared to traditional teaching and the results of the questionnaire showed that the&nbsp; students accept the innovative approach to biology teaching. The results also point out the need for growing presence of modern&nbsp; didactical models not only in biology teaching but also in teaching other natural and&nbsp; social sciences.</p>

Buscamos investigar, neste trabalho, quais são os discursos sobre os gêneros discursivos que circulam entre sujeitos-professores que atuam nos anos finais (4º e 5º anos) do Ensino Fundamental I, em escolas públicas municipais. Buscamos compreender também, a maneira como esses sujeitos (se) significam, em suas relações com a língua e a história. O interesse pela temática investigada se dá, principalmente, porque observamos, ao longo de nossos anos de experiência no magistério, que, embora os gêneros discursivos conforme definidos por Bakhtin (1997) sejam considerados pelos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais e por outros documentos legais que fundamentam a Educação Básica, como um dos principais objetivos do ensino de língua portuguesa, o conceito ainda desperta muitas dúvidas nos docentes. Filiamo-nos à Análise de Discurso de matriz francesa, postulada por Pêcheux (2009), área do conhecimento basicamente constituída na intersecção entre o materialismo histórico, a psicanálise e a linguística, e que considera a língua como lugar de materialização do discurso que é a língua em movimento, em uso pelos sujeitos. Na construção de nosso referencial teórico, mobilizamos, ainda, a teoria bakhtiniana dos gêneros do discurso, e as contribuições de teóricos das ciências da educação, tais como Pimenta (2012), Tardif (2002), Giroux (1997), Sacristán (1998), entre outros. O corpus da pesquisa é representado por seis entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas com sujeitos-professores que atuam em classes de 4º e 5º ano do ensino fundamental, em escolas de rede pública municipal. A partir da transcrição das entrevistas, foram realizados recortes que constituíram o material analisado neste estudo. As análises realizadas aqui indiciam que os sujeitos-professores entrevistados circulam por formações discursivas e ideológicas cristalizadas, no que diz respeito à relação dos estudantes com a língua. Tais docentes buscam desenvolver um trabalho pedagógico mediado pelos critérios de suposta familiaridade, utilidade ou praticidade em relação aos usos sociais que os gêneros discursivos poderiam ter para os estudantes. Além disso, as análises discursivas de alguns recortes apontam para um equívoco na compreensão do conceito bakhtiniano de gêneros discursivos, compreendidos, no cotidiano escolar, como uma classificação tipológica e estanque, excluindo a dinamicidade e a plasticidade que envolvem o conceito, conforme proposto por Bakhtin (1997). A cristalização da definição do conceito de gêneros discursivos, na dimensão tipológica, favorece o cerceamento da prática pedagógica, colaborando para a difusão de práticas que visam o esgotamento dos gêneros discursivos, buscando apresentar o maior número possível de gêneros aos estudantes, sob a forma de modelos que deverão ser seguidos em suas produções textuais futuras, e que lhes serão cobrados em avaliações internas e externas. / We seek to investigate this work, what are the discourses on the genres that circulate between subject teachers working in the final years (4th and 5th years) of the elementary school, in public schools. We seek to understand also how these guys (if) mean, in their relations with the language and history. The interest in the area investigated is given mainly because we see over our years of experience in teaching, that although the genres - as defined by Bakhtin (1997) - are considered by the National Curriculum Parameters and other legal documents that support basic education, as one of the main objectives of the Portuguese language teaching, the concept still raises many questions on teachers. We come ourselves to the French headquarters of Discourse Analysis postulated by Pêcheux (2009), area of knowledge basically formed at the intersection of historical materialism, psychoanalysis and linguistics, and considers language as a place of materialization of speech - which is the language in motion, in use by the subjects. In the construction of our theoretical framework also we mobilized Bakhtin theory of discourse genres, and the theoretical contributions of education sciences, such as pepper (2012), Tardif (2002), Giroux (1997), Sacristan (1998), among others. The corpus of the research is represented by six semi-structured interviews conducted with subject teachers who work in classes 4th and 5th years of primary education in municipal public schools. From the transcript of the interviews, clippings were performed (ORLANDI, 1987) that constituted the material analyzed in this study. The analyzes performed in this study indicate that the subjects interviewed teachers circulate discursive and ideological formations crystallized, with regard to the relationship of the students with the language. These teachers seek to develop a teaching job mediated by alleged criteria \"familiarity\", \"utility\" or \"practical\" about the social uses that genres could have for students. In addition, the discursive analysis of some cuts point to a mistake in the understanding of Bakhtin concept of genres, understood in everyday school life, as a typological and tight classification, excluding the dynamics and plasticity involving the concept, as proposed by Bakhtin (1997). Crystallization of the definition of genres in the typological dimension favors the restriction of pedagogical practice, contributing to the spread of practices aimed at \"exhaustion\" of genres, seeking to present the widest possible range of genres to students in the form of models to be followed in its future textual productions, and that they are charged on internal and external evaluations.

Submitted by Rosina Valeria Lanzellotti Mattiussi Teixeira (rosina.teixeira@unisantos.br) on 2017-08-22T12:48:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriana Mallmann Vilalva.pdf: 2852847 bytes, checksum: 537df41d11bd9bf9bf1008a983e137bc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-22T12:48:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriana Mallmann Vilalva.pdf: 2852847 bytes, checksum: 537df41d11bd9bf9bf1008a983e137bc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-22 / Considering that teachers¿ professional knowledge has strong influence in students¿ learning processes and also that Law School professors have not necessarily been trained in Pedagogical and teaching skills, thus resort to a more dogmatic and teacher-centered style, this study proposes a discussion about the aspects related to Pedagogical Content Knowledge which has been studied in several areas of teacher training, but not deeply enough by the Law professionals in Brazil. In order to better understand the topic, we studied Lee Shulman¿s constructs ¿ Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) and the Pedagogical Reasoning and Action Framework (PRAF). Therefore, the question that triggered this investigation is: to carry out a theoretical research and study of the concept of PCK and what are its repercussions on the teaching practice of a Law school professor; to observe and understand how a teacher assimilated the concept of PCK and how she deals with the content of the subject she teaches and how her teaching practice was shaped. To that end, we used multiple tools for the collection of data: the creation of a field journal that reports the observation of classes of a Law School professor during one school term; interviews; the analysis of her teaching plan, and post-observation questions. Data has been analyzed having the practical proposals formulated by Minayo (2006) and the categories of PRAF, proposed by Shulman. PCK comprises of an important kind of knowledge when establishing bodies of professional knowledge and enables the structuring of teaching practices of Law School professors. Data analysis allowed us to understand that it is not enough knowledge of the specific content of the subject to be taught, you need a body of knowledge to that teaching can be transformed into learning. / Tomando por base que o conhecimento profissional dos professores possui repercussão no aprendizado de seus alunos e tendo em vista que os docentes que lecionam em grande parte dos cursos de Direito não possuem formação pedagógica, remontando ao ensino dogmático, bancário, discutem-se, os aspectos relacionados ao conhecimento pedagógico do conteúdo (PCK), o qual tem sido estudado em diversas áreas de formação de professores, mas ainda é pouco estudado pelos profissionais do Direito no Brasil. O PCK compreende um tipo de conhecimento importante na definição de um corpo de conhecimentos profissionais e auxilia na estruturação das práticas pedagógicas do docente do curso de Direito.Para tanto foram utilizados os construtos de Lee Shulman, o conhecimento pedagógico do conteúdo e o modelo de raciocínio pedagógico e ação. Assim, a presente investigação teve por objetivo realizar um estudo teórico sobre o conceito de PCK analisando suas implicações na prática docente de um professor do curso de Direito. Para tanto, foram utilizados instrumentos múltiplos de coletas de dados: elaboração de um diário de campo que retratou o acompanhamento de um semestre letivo de uma docente do curso de Direito; entrevistas; análise de seu plano de ensino, questões pós observação. Os dados foram transportados para o software de análise Atlas Ti e analisados com base na proposta operativa de Minayo (2006) utilizando as categorias do MRPA proposto por Shulman. O PCK compreende um tipo de conhecimento importante na definição de um corpo de conhecimentos profissionais e auxilia na estruturação das práticas pedagógicas do docente do curso de Direito. A análise de dados nos permitiu compreender que não basta o conhecimento do conteúdo específico da matéria a ser ministrada, é necessário um corpo de saberes para que o ensino possa ser transformado em aprendizado.

The presented diploma thesis entitled "Teacher and textbook: using textbooks in English language classes at Secondary school level" deals, in its theoretical part, with the general role of teacher and textbook within the education process with a focus on specific features of English language teaching at primary school level. The introductory chapter deals with the definition of textbook and its differentiation from other material resources used by teachers in lessons. The chapter also includes a description of the general structure, content properties and basic functions of a school textbook. These serve as a basis for a short evaluation of specific features of English textbooks. The second chapter focuses on the personality of the teacher, his pedagogical competences and roles within the education process. It also briefly mentions specifics of foreign language teachers. The practical part documents research of the teacher´s use of textbook, which is based on direct observation of English lessons and a questionnaire. The main aim of this research is to find out how much time during English language lessons at primary school level teachers spend working with the basic textbook in comparison to the amount of time dedicated to activities without textbooks or to activities with other textual resources. In connection with this research we also intend to find out whether the rate and the way of using basic textbooks within English language lessons at primary school level vary among teachers qualified to teach English and teachers without this qualification and among teachers with different lengths of professional teaching experience. The main aim of this diploma thesis is to describe the functioning of textbooks within the English language teaching process from the point of view of the teacher.