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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Etude de la coordination interpersonnelle au football : contribution à l'amélioration du jeu de transition offensive / Study of the interpersonal coordination in the soccer : Contribution to the improvement of the game of offensive transition

Gesbert, Vincent 03 December 2014 (has links)
Le jeu de transition offensive est défini comme le passage pour une équipe d’un statut de défenseur à celui d’attaquant. Selon les entraîneurs de football, ce moment, symbolisé par la récupération du ballon dans la dynamique du jeu, offre des potentialités plus importantes d’inscrire un but. Ce travail de thèse a ainsi cherché à décrire la coordination entre les partenaires durant la réalisation de plusieurs moments de transition offensive extraits de matchs au cours d’une saison. Il s’inscrit dans la ligne de recherche de la cognition collective. Il cherche à décrire le partage de contenus cognitifs permettant aux membres d’une équipe de se coordonner dans un environnement dynamique et incertain. Par coordination, nous entendons l’articulation des contributions interdépendantes de plusieurs joueurs d’une même équipe en vue d’atteindre un objectif commun. Nous avons d’abord caractérisé les connaissances partagées par les joueurs autour du jeu de transition offensive au début du championnat. Nous avons ensuite décrit les relations entre les buts visés par les joueurs durant la réalisation de ces moments ainsi que le partage d’informations contextuelles et de connaissances en acte. Notre étude apporte des éléments relatifs à la compréhension d’un collectif sur un moment particulier du jeu. A partir des résultats, nous contribuons à la réflexion sur les dispositifs d’entraînement au football en nous référant au cadre de l’ergonomie constructive. Nous introduisons notamment les concepts de capabilités et d’environnements capacitants dans l’aide au développement d’un collectif efficace / In team sports, offensive transition situation is defined as the switch from defensive to offensive status as a consequence of a beneficial turn-over in the ball possession. For soccer coaches, this situation is considered to give rise to opportunities to score a goal. The whole aim of this work is to describe and characterize how teammates of a same team are coordinated themselves during various offensive transition situations in situ. For this purpose, we adopt the team cognition’s line of research to describe the way teammates share cognitive contents enabling coordination. First, we have identified knowledge elements shared by players related to offensive transition situation at the beginning of the season. Then, we have characterized (a) the forms of connection between the objectives aimed at by the players, (b) the sharing of contextual information and (c) the sharing of knowledge elements during offensive transition situations. Our results shed the light on new knowledge elements for the comprehension of a team during complex and dynamic situations as such as diversity of shared elements and characterization of the evolution of the forms of sharedness. As a practical perspective, we propose a reflection about soccer training based on the constructive ergonomics approach supporting approach of both capabities and enabling environments for the development of efficacy collective in soccer.
12

The Impact of Coordination Quality on Coordination Dynamics and Team Performance: When Humans Team with Autonomy

January 2017 (has links)
abstract: This increasing role of highly automated and intelligent systems as team members has started a paradigm shift from human-human teaming to Human-Autonomy Teaming (HAT). However, moving from human-human teaming to HAT is challenging. Teamwork requires skills that are often missing in robots and synthetic agents. It is possible that adding a synthetic agent as a team member may lead teams to demonstrate different coordination patterns resulting in differences in team cognition and ultimately team effectiveness. The theory of Interactive Team Cognition (ITC) emphasizes the importance of team interaction behaviors over the collection of individual knowledge. In this dissertation, Nonlinear Dynamical Methods (NDMs) were applied to capture characteristics of overall team coordination and communication behaviors. The findings supported the hypothesis that coordination stability is related to team performance in a nonlinear manner with optimal performance associated with moderate stability coupled with flexibility. Thus, we need to build mechanisms in HATs to demonstrate moderately stable and flexible coordination behavior to achieve team-level goals under routine and novel task conditions. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Engineering 2017

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