Public Service Television remains a key institution of democratisation in the context of emerging democracies in Africa, especially with the advent of liberalisation and commercialisation of the media. The democratic changes taking place in Zambia require a genuine public service broadcasting television that will promote pluralism in the public sphere. Among the many available strategies and mechanisms for fostering a sustainable democratic and cultural environment, public service broadcasting is still the best. This study set out to examine representation of political issues and debates during election campaign on ZNBC television news to assess the extent to which it plays a role as a public broadcaster in the mediation of pluralistic politics. Election news on television, in line with the public sphere argument was found to be essential for investigating the nature of public service television from the point of view of impartiality, universality and diversity. Using both qualitative and quantitative methods the study has confirmed the hypothesis that the role of a public service television in the mediation of pluralistic politics is compromised by ZNBC's partial and unbalanced coverage of elections. As a result ZNBC, as a public service broadcaster is undermining the very democracy it is expected to promote. Public service television should take new forms if it is to be recognised and appreciated by the public as a genuine, open and democratic public sphere. I therefore recommend that a system of license fee for viewers be introduced. Secondly, government should increase funding into public service television to supplement revenue from license fee and advertising. Thirdly, I recommend the appointment of an independent board whose members will be appointed for a fixed term, by public nomination and a process of public hearing, according to publicly available criteria, which guarantees diversity of political, ethnic, social and professional background. Fourthly I suggest the formation of an Election News Coverage Committee comprising of journalists, academicians, the church and civic organisation that will formulate and implement editorial policy on election coverage and above all monitor and the coverage of elections on ZNBC television news.

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The 1988 presidential campaign was considered by many members of the news media as one of the most negative presidential campaigns in twenty years. Since then a good deal of attention has focused on negative televised political commercials. Negative televised political commercials are commercials which attack or criticize opponents and often only towards the end remind the voter of the alternative candidate. The goal of negative ads is to affect voters on both a rational and emotional level. Critics of negative political advertising believe negative ads are detrimental to the democratic process because they create a negative atmosphere which may engulf the campaign, dissuade voters from participating in the democratic process, impair the ability of voters to make informed decisions, and they often play on the prejudices and fears of the voters. critics have offered various solutions which would curb the use or help candidates protect themselves against negative attacks, and one such solution is the "inoculation message strategy." In their book Attack Politics, Michael Pfau and Henry Kenski offer the "inoculation message strategy" as a method in the defense of negative advertising. The inoculation message strategy uses two-sided arguments to defend against attack messages. In Pfau and Kenski's research they used written attack messages in their experiments. This thesis will test the ability of the inoculation message strategy to defend against actual televised political commercials. / Master of Arts

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Orientador: Rachel Meneguello / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T22:14:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos_IngridRibeirodos_M.pdf: 1737196 bytes, checksum: 152968f02b06e307d12aa4ed137e0d00 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Esta dissertação é um estudo de caso sobre o papel da televisão nas eleições ao governo do estado de São Paulo em 2002. A pesquisa analisou especificamente as campanhas ao 2°. turno eleitoral através dos programas do Horário Gratuito de Propaganda Eleitoral (HGPE) e do telejornal regional SPTV.A caracterização das formas de utilização do espaço da mídia pelos candidatos nos programas eleitorais e do padrão da cobertura eleitoral realizada pelo telejornal foi realizada com o objetivo de entender algumas configurações da política que se realiza na mídia eletrônica. Os resultados mostraram que as campanhas eleitorais não se concentraram em um debate político, mas se colocaram em termos administrativos. O telejornal buscou ser imparcial, porém apresentou uma cobertura eleitoral excessivamente superficial / Abstract: This dissertation is a study about the paper of the television in the elections to the government of the Sao Paulo state in 2002. The research specifically analyzed the campaigns of the second electoral turn through the programs of free television time for political campaigning and of the regional TV news SPTV. The characterization of the used forms in media space by the candidates in the electoral programs and by the electoral standard covered by the TV news was carried on with the objective of understanding some politics configurations that carries itself through the electronic media. The results had shown that the electoral campaigns had not concentrated in a politician debate, but they had placed themselves in administrative terms. The TV news tried to be impartial: however it presented electoral covering excessively superficial / Mestrado / Mestre em Ciência Política

Orientador: Rachel Meneguello / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T08:41:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jardim_MarciadeAlmeida_D.pdf: 1497059 bytes, checksum: 2608bd0212e7c4a92dfc6cdaacdcb15a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: O objetivo desta tese é explicar o impacto da TV legislativa sobre o comportamento parlamentar. A hipótese é a de que a TV legislativa tem potencial para estimular mecanismos de accountability, primeiro, porque seu modelo tem características que a tornam "accountable", no sentido de contribuir para a informação (e formação) do cidadão e, segundo, porque ela estimula comportamento responsivo dos representantes no exercício do seu mandato. Outra hipótese é a de que o impacto da TV legislativa é diferente nos diferentes níveis do Poder Legislativo, estadual, capital e interior. Para responder às indagações lançadas e sustentar as hipóteses construídas, a pesquisa contou com três entradas. A primeira foi o mapeamento das TVs legislativas brasileiras e a segunda entrada consistiu em uma radiografia das TVs legislativas das Assembléias Legislativas, da TV da Câmara de São Paulo e das TVs das Câmaras municipais do estado de São Paulo. A terceira entrada contou com entrevistas realizadas com parlamentares das Casas legislativas e com os profissionais responsáveis pelas TVs da Assembléia Legislativa de São Paulo, da Câmara de São Paulo e de treze Câmaras municipais. / Abstract: The aim of this thesis is to explain the impact of parliament TV on the parliamentarian behavior. The hypothesis is that the parliament TV has the potential to stimulate accountability mechanisms, first because its model has characteristics that make it accountable, meaning to contribute to the information (and formation) of the citizen and, second, because it stimulates the responsible behavior of its representatives during their mandate. Another hypothesis is that the impact of the parliament TV is different in the different levels of the Legislative Power, state, capital and countryside. To answer the questions and sustain the built hypothesis, the research counted on three approaches. The first one was the mapping of the Brazilian parliament TVs and the second one was the radiography of the parliament TVs from the Legislative Assembly, City Council TV of São Paulo and Town Hall TVs from the State of São Paulo. The third approach counted on interviews made with parliament representatives from the Legislative Houses and with responsible professionals by the Legislative Assembly TV of São Paulo, from the City Council of São Paulo and thirteen Town Halls. / Doutorado / Ciencias Sociais / Doutor em Ciências Sociais

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This study investigates how television coverage of the 1968 Democratic National Convention largely determined the negative public impression of the convention and its candidate. The coverage had a definite effect on the workings of the convention through the images and information it conveyed to the delegates. The coverage also shaped the broadcast picture of the event by linking the convention to the violence in the streets.