Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T13:10:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rosemeire Rodrigues Garcia.pdf: 3933193 bytes, checksum: e96a9dba8eac752ed32b04f2177c1b7e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-29 / Leprosy, also known as Hansen s disease, is an ancient illness which has always been surrounded by prejudice and uninformation. The physical incapacities and organic after-effects of neural damage, determined by the etiologic agent of Hansen s disease, can be diminished by guidelines on self-care provide by physiotherapists. There are a few moments that the patients come into contact with the multidisciplinary team of health, thus hindering these guidelines, so we produce an educational handbook highlighting the importance of self-care to prevent the incapacities caused by leprosy. Therefore, this study aims to identify the level of physical incapacities in patients with leprosy when they first arrive for treatment at the municipal polyclinic of specialties Dr. Edward Maluf , in Sorocaba (SP, Brazil). Using the documentary research method we have analyzed medical records from 2009-2013 from that institution to verify the patients clinical classification and epidemiological aspects in 200 patients seen in that 5 years period. The handbook contains guidelines for self-care and the prevention of incapacities and must be offered in the first consultation by the health team / A hanseníase (MH) é uma doença conhecida desde a Antiguidade e desde sempre esteve cercada por preconceito e desinformação. O comprometimento neuronal ocasionado pelo agente etiológico da hanseníase determinará as sequelas da doença. As consequências da neuropatia do MH podem ser minimizadas por práticas de autocuidados, a orientação sobre estas práticas é uma das atribuições do fisioterapeuta na equipe multiprofissional de saúde que acompanha estes pacientes. Trabalhando como fisioterapeuta atendo regularmente pacientes acometidos por essa doença e acolho suas dúvidas e ansiedades. Diante disso, o objetivo geral desta pesquisa é identificar o grau de incapacidades dos pacientes com hanseníase no atendimento inicial do Centro de Especialidades da Policlínica Municipal Dr. Edward Maluf , em Sorocaba/São Paulo e produzir material educativo para orientá-los sobre a importância do autocuidado na prevenção das incapacidades decorrentes da hanseníase. A pesquisa foi realizada na forma de análise documental, pelo estudo dos prontuários disponíveis nos arquivos do setor de Controle da Hanseníase da instituição, com o intuito de verificar a classificação dos pacientes atendidos neste Serviço no período de 2009 a 2013. O manual foi confeccionado contendo orientações para o autocuidado e a prevenção de incapacidades

Interventional technologies such as elective percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI)are increasingly used to manage the symptoms of coronary artery disease (CAD); however, this treatment approach is associated with poor risk factor management. The purpose of this study was to understand the factors that influence the health behaviors of elective PCI patients. A qualitative approach, using Interpretive Description, was used to explore the ten participants’ healthcare experiences, their perceptions of CAD, and the rationale for their health choices. This generated a profile of these individuals and their post-PCI health behaviours. Health behaviours were influenced by multiple factors and are reflected in the themes: what a relief – I’m better; uncertainty about their future health; the importance of relations; and barriers to lifestyle change. These findings not only extend our understanding of the elective PCI patients’ health behaviour choices but also provides insight into key areas to target for improving health service delivery.

Interventional technologies such as elective percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI)are increasingly used to manage the symptoms of coronary artery disease (CAD); however, this treatment approach is associated with poor risk factor management. The purpose of this study was to understand the factors that influence the health behaviors of elective PCI patients. A qualitative approach, using Interpretive Description, was used to explore the ten participants’ healthcare experiences, their perceptions of CAD, and the rationale for their health choices. This generated a profile of these individuals and their post-PCI health behaviours. Health behaviours were influenced by multiple factors and are reflected in the themes: what a relief – I’m better; uncertainty about their future health; the importance of relations; and barriers to lifestyle change. These findings not only extend our understanding of the elective PCI patients’ health behaviour choices but also provides insight into key areas to target for improving health service delivery.

The thesis deals with the prevention of dependencies for pupils with hearing disabilities. The work describes the specifics of primary, secondary and tertiary prevention and focuses on the State of awareness and of preventive measures on the individual schools for the hearing impaired in Prague. The work is divided into two parts. The theoretical part, which is processed primarily on the basis of the study of literature, contains a general treatise on the auditory disability, a description of the different kinds of dependencies with their consequences and an overview of the possible types of prevention. The practical part is devoted to research through interviews and a questionnaire, which is focused on finding, comparing and quantitative evaluation of the awareness of pupils of various dependencies and their prevention in schools for the hearing impaired in Prague. In the final part of the thesis are given recommendations applicable in practice. KEYWORDS Hearing disability, addiction, primary prevention, secondary prevention, tertiary prevention

La progression de l’espérance de vie au Québec reflète l’amélioration de la santé de la population. Toutefois, des décès continuent à survenir prématurément avant l’âge de 75 ans. Une part de cette mortalité prématurée est potentiellement évitable. L'objectif de ce mémoire est d’estimer la mortalité évitable au Québec de 1981-1985 à 2005-2009. Pour cela, la méthode de Tobias et Jackson (2001) a été appliquée sur des données de décès, fournies par l’Institut national de santé publique du Québec, pour estimer les taux de mortalité évitable totale et pour chacun des sexes. Cette approche nous a, par ailleurs, permis d’estimer des taux de mortalité évitable selon trois paliers de prévention : primaire, secondaire et tertiaire. Nos résultats démontrent une tendance à la baisse de la mortalité évitable à travers le temps. Cette baisse a été enregistrée chez les deux sexes, mais des disparités de mortalité évitable existent entre les hommes et les femmes. En effet, la mortalité évitable des hommes est plus élevée que celle des femmes et cet écart de mortalité est principalement dû à la mortalité évitable associée à la prévention primaire. L’analyse de la mortalité évitable par cause de décès fait ressortir que le cancer du poumon est la principale cause de décès évitable tant chez les hommes que chez les femmes en 2005-2009. Durant cette même période, le cancer du sein et les cardiopathies ischémiques étaient la deuxième cause de décès évitable respectivement chez les femmes et chez les hommes. / The upward trend observed in Quebec’s life expectancy in past years suggests that population health has continued to improve. However, a number of deaths continue to occur prematurely before the age of 75 years. A part of this premature mortality is potentially avoidable. The objective of this paper is to estimate avoidable mortality rates in Quebec from 1981-1985 to 2005-2009. Avoidable mortality rates were obtained by applying the method of Tobias and Jackson (2001) to mortality data made available to us by the Institut national de santé publique du Québec. Furthermore, this approach allowed us to evaluate avoidable mortality rates by three levels of prevention: primary, secondary and tertiary. Our results show a downward trend in avoidable mortality from 1981-1985 to 2005-2009. This decline was observed for the whole population and also for both sexes. Differences in male’s and female’s avoidable mortality trends are however noticed. Indeed, avoidable mortality is higher for men than women and a large part of this difference is associated to primary prevention. The analysis by cause of death revealed that lung cancer was the leading cause of avoidable death in both men and women in 2005-2009. During this same period, the second leading cause of avoidable mortality is breast cancer and ischemic heart diseases in females and males respectively.

The Czech Republic is numer one in the mortality and morbidity due to cardio-vascular diseases. It is evidence that the incidence of cardio-vascular dieseases can be influenced positively by primary prevention as to the lifestyle of the population and that the secondary prevention can improve the lifequality of patiens, diminish thein mortality and morbidity and reduce the numer of recurrences and complications. The degree work on the subjekt {\clqq}Change in the lifestyle of men after an acute myocardial infarct`` is in its general part concentrated on risk factors connected with cardio-vascular diseases, on a self-contained system of rehabilitation, on prevention (primary, secondary, tertiary) and on the welfare system in the Czech Republic. The risk factors connected with cardio-vascular diseases can be dividend into influenceable ones (nutrition, smoking, lack of physical exercise, alkohol consumption, hypertension, dyslipoproteineme, diabetes mellitus, obesity), into uncontrollable ones, (age, sex, genetic factors) and into behavioural ones, among which count psychosocial and economic factors. The mail aim of the work was to establish the extent as to the occurrence of risk factors in relation to men, who underwent an acute myocardial infarct and to determine the posibility of involving them in an active change in the lifestyle. The research proceeded in the form of questionnaires distributed at cardiological out-patients` departments in the region of Příbram.The data collection was under way from November 2009 to February 2010. The research was quantitative, the questionnaire was anonymous, in printed form, contained 29 questions and the respondents answered in writing. One thousand questionnaire were distributed, where of 231 fully completed questionnaires came back. The return rate of questionnaires were destined only for men, who underwent an acute myocardial infarct (two fundamentals identifications marks). I arrived to two hypotheses. The first was that the education of population played an important role in occurrence of cardio-vascular diseases and in awareness of influence of the lifestyle on reducing the risks connected with the development of these diseases. The second hypothesis was that the secondary prevention of risk factors connected with cardio-vascular diseases was not effetively and regorously applied to men, who underwent myocardial infarct. Both hypothese of mine proved to be right. The doctors and the learned public are doubtless well informed of the prevention and therapy as to the cardio-vascular diseases. The question is how effectively the professional information and recommendations find their way into the subconsciousness of our population. The research results show that an imaginary gap arises between recommended advices relating to the change in the lifestyle and in the positive influencing of influenceable and behaviour risk factors, the doctors give in thein routine practice. It is neccessary to create programmes of intervention in the lifestyle within the scope of a self-contained rehabilitation system. This system is applied on the occasion of spa care in the Czech Republic. The effect of the spa care is shortterm, lasts half a year to one year and there is no direkt further contact of the patient with dietary centres and with specialized physiotherapists. The recommendations concerning the change in the lifestyle should be popularized in the society as a whole in order to find their way into the wide subconsciousness of our population.

There is ever-increasing pressure on school officials to provide a safe school environment that is conducive to learning. There is also a growing concern from teachers and administrators that many students are unrecognized for their continual appropriate behavior(s), in part, because of the attention consumed by both challenging students and students with exceptional talents and abilities. In response, a School-Wide Positive Behavior Support (SWPBS) approach is growing in popularity to address both of these issues. SWPBS is implemented across an entire school population and involves all individuals whether they are challenging, exceptional, or typical. The initial research shows encouraging results and supports the effectiveness of a School-Wide Positive Behavior Support program. This study focused on the development, implementation, and results of a SWPBS program at a rural high school. Data collected included office daily referrals, suspensions, expulsions, attendance, and the number of reinforcers (Mo-Bucks) distributed by staff. Outcome data indicated that compared to the year prior to the SWPBS program's implementation, there was a reduction in office daily referrals, a reduction in expulsions, and an increase in attendance. The results of this 3-year study supported the effectiveness of SWPBS as an intervention for reducing disruptive behaviors at the high school level for typical students as well as for students with special needs.

La littérature apporte de plus en plus de preuves du bénéfice de la pratique d’une activité physique dans le cadre des préventions secondaire et tertiaire du cancer du sein, cancer le plus fréquent chez la femme. Ces travaux de thèse sont nés de la collaboration entre une équipe experte de la prise en charge clinique et de la nutrition de patients atteints de cancer (Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer Léon Bérard de Lyon) et une équipe experte de l’activité physique (Centre de Recherche et d’Innovation sur le Sport EA647). Cette approche « recherche-action » a permis d’implanter des programmes novateurs d’activité physique adaptée (APA) auprès des patientes atteintes de cancer du sein et ce, de manière concomitante aux traitements adjuvants. Les programmes d’APA complétés d’une prise en charge diététique apparaissent comme un moyen faisable et peu coûteux de lutter contre les facteurs reconnus de mauvais pronostic que sont la prise de poids, les risques métaboliques, mais aussi la problématique de l’inactivité physique et de la sédentarité qui s’installent dès le diagnostic de la maladie. Les résultats originaux de ce travail de thèse fournissent des avancées importantes pour promouvoir l’intégration de l’APA en tant que soin de support des patients atteints de cancer, tout au long des traitements et dans la phase de réhabilitation. Ces travaux permettent de fixer les modalités de prise en charge de ce public spécifique, mettant à disposition des professionnels du secteur un panel de connaissances scientifiques et pratiques. Ils démontrent ainsi la compatibilité et l’applicabilité directe de la recherche en milieu professionnel. / There is growing evidence for physical activity benefiting primary and secondary prevention of breast cancer, the most common cancer in women. This PhD is a collaborative work between experts in clinical care and nutrition in cancer patients (Léon Bérardcomprehensive cancer centre of Lyon) and experts in physical activity (centre for research and innovation on sport EA647). This “research-action” implemented pilot programs of adapted physical activity (APA) for breast cancer patients, concomitantly to adjuvant treatments. APA programs supplemented by dietetic counseling appear as a feasible and inexpensive way to fight against the known factors of poor prognosis, such as weight gain, metabolic risks, and also the problem of physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyles which tend to increase from the diagnosis of the disease. The results of this original research provide proofs of relevance of integrating APA programs as supportive care of cancer patients, throughout treatment and rehabilitation phase. This work shows the modalities for programming APA for this specific public, by providing professionals a range of scientific andpractical knowledge. It thus demonstrates the compatibility and direct applicability of research in the workplace.

This is a qualitative study that was intended to analyse the role of South African Police Services (SAPS) railway policing in crime prevention in South Africa (SA). Commuters are exposed to various criminal activities in the railway environment. The Metro Rail trains are the most affordable trains and for that reason, the majority of commuters use these trains to travel to and from their workplaces. This study focused on the large stations in the Gauteng province, South Africa, as there is a high influx of people coming from various provinces for job opportunities. Alexander (2019:np) states that Gauteng is the smallest province, but has the largest population and economy. The non-random sampling procedure was used to select participants. Data was collected by means of perusing the existing literature, SAPS information notes, official documents and articles. Interviews were conducted with South African Police Service Rapid Rail Unit (SAPSRRPU) members. Each unit was represented by a maximum of eight members. The information obtained from the participants was analysed by using the Atlas-ti software. This is a computer program used to analyse data in qualitative research. / Iyi ndi ngudo ya ndeme i itelwaho u saukanya mushumo wa yunithi ya vhupholisa ha raliwei ya Tshumelo ya Tshipholisa ya Afrika Tshipembe (SAPS) kha u thivhela vhugevhenga Afrika Tshipembe (SA). Vhaṋameli vha livhanwa na nyito dzo fhambanaho dza vhugevhenga kha vhupo ha raliwei. Zwidimela zwa Metrorail ndi zwone zwidimela zwi sa ḓuresi, nahone nga ṅwambo wa izwo vhunzhi ha vhaṋameli vha shumisa zwidimela izwi u enda u ya na u bva mishumoni yavho. Ngudo iyi yo sedza kha zwiṱitshi zwihulwane zwa vundu ḽa Gauteng, Afrika Tshipembe, saizwi hu na vhathu vhanzhi vha bvaho kha mavundu o fhambanaho vhane vha khou ṱoḓana na zwikhala zwa mushumo. Alexander (2019:np) u bula uri Gauteng ndi vundu ḽiṱukusa, fhedzi ḽi na tshitshavha tshinzhisa na ikonomi. Tsumbonanguludzwa dzi songo tou khethwa dzo shumiswa u nanga vhadzheneleli. Data yo kuvhanganywa nga kha u fhenḓa maṅwalwa a re hone. Notsi dza mafhungo dza SAPS, maṅwalo a tshiofisi na athikili. Inthaviwu dzo itwa na miraḓo ya Yunithi ya Tshipholisa tsha Raḽiwei tshi Ṱavhanyaho tsha Tshumelo ya Tshipholisa tsha Afrika Tshipembe (SAPSRRPU). Yunithi iṅwe na iṅwe yo vha yo imelelwa nga gumofulu ḽa miraḓo ya malo. Mafhungo o wanalaho u bva kha vhadzheneleli o senguluswa nga u shumisa sofuthiwee ya Atlas-ti. Phurogireme ya khomphiyutha iyi I shumiswa u saukanya data kha ṱhoḓisiso dza ndeme. / Ndzavisiso lowu wa qualitative wu na xikongomelo xo xopaxopa ndzima ya yuniti ya vutirheli bya maphorisa ya Afrika Dzonga ku nga South African Police Services (SAPS) eka ku sivela vugevenga eAfrika Dzonga. Vakhandziyi va xungetiwa hi vugevenga bya mixaka yo hambanana eka tirhalaweyi ta switimela. Switimela swa Metrorail swi chipile swinene, hikokwalaho, vanhu vanyingi va vakhandziyi va tirhisa switimela ku ya na ku vuya emitirhweni. Ndzavisiso lowu wu languta ngopfu switici leswikkulu swa switimela eka xifundzhankulu (provhinsi) ya Gauteng eAfrika Dzonga hikuva ku na vanhu vanyingi lava va sukaka eka swifundzhankulu swin'wana ku ta ejoni ku ta lava mitirho. Alexander (2019:np) u vula leswo Gauteng i xifundzhankulu xitsongo swinene eka swin'wana, kambe xi na vanhu vanyingi swinene na ikhonomi leyikulu swinene. Ku tirhisiwe fambiselo leri vuriwaka non-random sampling ku hlawula vanhu vo va na xiavo eka ndzavisiso. Data yi hlengeletiwe hi ku hlaya matsalwa lama nga kona, tinoti ta vutivi ta SAPS, na tidokumente ta ximfumo na tiatikili. Ku endliwe ti-inthavhyu na swirho swa maphorisa ya rhalaweyi ku nga South African Police Service Rapid Rail Police Unit (SAPSRRPU). Yuniti yin'wana na yin'wana a yi yimeriwe hi swirho swa nhungu. Vutivi lebyi byi nga kumeka eka lava a va ri na xiavo byi ve byi xopaxopiwa hi ku tirhisa Atlas-ti software. Leyi i program ya khompyuta leyi tirhisiwaka ku xopaxopa data eka rhiseche leyi endliwaka hi ndlela ya qualitative eka mindzavisiso. / Criminology and Security Science / Ph. D. (Criminal Justice)

The main topic of my thesis is the prevention of socially pathological phenomena and their implementation in low-threshold facilities for children and youth (NZDM). The work has two parts: theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part describes the socio-pathological phenomena, prevention, prevention programs and social services - NZDM general. In the empirical part is to find out the answer to the question, what is the impact of the implementation of prevention programs for service users in a particular device - in NZDM V.I.P.in Czech Budejovice, what should prevention programs in 2012 targeting and why, how often were made and what was the clients' interest in the topics of preventive measures.