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La obtención de información a partir de un conjunto de datos o minería de datos es una tarea compleja que involucra varias etapas, tal como sucede en la minería de texto. Esta puede ser considerada como un caso particular de minería de datos donde los datos contemplan la incorporación de texto. Ambos procesos de minería se vuelven aun más complejos cuando nos encontramos ante grandes cúmulos de datos o texto. Es común encontrar conjuntos de datos grandes, complejos y ricos en información en áreas como medicina, comercio, ingeniería y ciencias de la computación. Simultáneamente, los avances tecnológicos han dado lugar a la acumulación de sustanciosas cantidades de documentos, artículos y texto; el ejemplo más contundente de esta clase de material es la Web, la cual se estima que alcanza más de 8.05 billones de páginas. La propuesta de esta tesis es el uso de herramientas evolutivas mono- y multi-objetivo como un soporte para algunas de las etapas de este proceso. En particular, las etapas que implican optimización y búsqueda dentro de estos grandes espacios en los cuales otros métodos serían inviables. A lo largo de la investigación se desarrollaron, evaluaron y compararon algoritmos evolutivos mono y multi-objetivo tanto para la rama de minería de datos como para la rama de minería de texto. Como caso particular dentro de minería de datos, se contempló el problema de encontrar las relaciones más relevantes entre variables dentro de distintos conjuntos de datos. Dichas relaciones, no son visibles para un experto cuando se encuentra frente a la base de datos original cruda, la cual puede contemplar miles de variables y miles de instan-cias. Para resolver este problema se propuso una metodología de dos fases. Los algoritmos desarrollados en este contexto se integraron a la primera fase de la arquitectura y fueron exitosamente utilizados como mecanismo de búsqueda masiva. Por otra parte, en el caso de minería de texto se abordó el problema de recuperar información relacionada y novedosa con respecto a un tópico de interés. Para este problema se propuso, implementó y evaluó una arquitectura que, partiendo de una descripción para el tópico de interés, evoluciona varios conjuntos de términos hacia conjuntos que logren obtener mejores documentos con respecto a dicho tema de interés y con respecto a los objetivos propuestos (por ejemplo: simi-litud, precisión, cobertura). Dentro de las técnicas evolutivas multi-objetivo propuestas, se diseñaron adaptaciones de los algoritmos basados en Pareto más prometedores reportados por la literatura y se propusieron versiones multi-objetivo agregativas. Ambos enfoques, los basados en Pareto y los agregativos, demostraron ser claramente competentes tanto para minería de datos como para minería de texto. / Data mining comprises the capture of information from data, which is a complex task that involves many stages. The same applies to text mining that can be considered as a special case of data mining where the data include text. As data and text sets increase, both mining processes become even more complicated. Large, complex and rich information data sets arise in many common research elds like medicine, commerce, engineering and computer science. Simultaneously, techno-logical advances have led to theaccumulation of substantial amounts of documents, articles and text; the clearest example of this kind of material is the Web, which is estimated to have reached more than 8.05 billion pages. This thesis proposes the use of mono- and multi-objective evolutionary tools as support in some of the stages of the data and text mining processes. In particular, those stages which imply optimiza-tion and search in wide search spaces where other methods could be unfeasible. In this research work, several mono- and multi-objective evolutionary algorithms were developed, evaluated and compared for both, data and text mining research areas. As a particular case in data mining, the problem of finding the most relevant relationship among variables from the data was considered. These relations, are not obvious for experts when they are faced with the original raw database, which can include thousands of variables and thousand of samples. In order to solve this problem, a two-phase methodology was proposed. In this context, the developed algorithms were integrated into the first phase and were succesfully used as massive search mechanisms. On the other hand, as a particular case of the text mining research area, the problem of retrieving novel material that is related to a search context was considered. In order to overcome this problem, an architecture was proposed, implemented and evaluated. Starting from a description for the topic of interest, this architecture evolves several sets of terms towards sets which can obtain better documents with respect to both, the topic of interest and the proposed objectives (e.g., similarity, precision, recall). Among the proposed multi-objetive evolutionary techniques, adap-tations of the more promising reported Pareto-based evolutionary algorithms were designed and new multi-objective aggregative schemes were proposed. Both approaches- i.e., the Pareto-based strategy and the aggregative techniques- proved to be clearly competent for both research areas: data and text mining.

No / The growing incidents of counterfeiting and associated economic and health consequences necessitate the development of active surveillance systems capable of producing timely and reliable information for all stake holders in the anti-counterfeiting fight. User generated content from social media platforms can provide early clues about product allergies, adverse events and product counterfeiting. This paper reports a work in progress with contributions including: the development of a framework for gathering and analyzing the views and experiences of users of drug and cosmetic products using machine learning, text mining and sentiment analysis; the application of the proposed framework on Facebook comments and data from Twitter for brand analysis, and the description of how to develop a product safety lexicon and training data for modeling a machine learning classifier for drug and cosmetic product sentiment prediction. The initial brand and product comparison results signify the usefulness of text mining and sentiment analysis on social media data while the use of machine learning classifier for predicting the sentiment orientation provides a useful tool for users, product manufacturers, regulatory and enforcement agencies to monitor brand or product sentiment trends in order to act in the event of sudden or significant rise in negative sentiment.

This research evaluates data-driven demand models using natural language processing techniques and analytical approaches. The first essay offers a comprehensive review of data-driven newsvendor literature and applies natural language processing techniques, including latent semantic analysis, latent Dirichlet allocation and cluster analysis to analyze the text data. This study highlights emerging trends and future research directions in the field of data-driven newsvendor research. The second essay contributes to the data-driven newsvendor inventory management literature by proposing nonparametric approaches that include Tobit and quantile regression incorporating leverage values under conditions of homogeneity and heterogeneity. Lastly, the third essay addresses the optimization of healthcare facility location and resource allocation in post-earthquake scenarios, presenting a linear programming model with telemedicine integration for effective disaster response. This study applies the model to the 2005 Kashmir earthquake in Pakistan. These essays collectively highlight the potential of data-driven methodologies in enhancing decision-making processes across diverse domains, while also pointing towards future research directions to address inherent complexities and uncertainties of the models.