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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Say Yes Quickly

Maione, Nicholas 01 January 2017 (has links)
Say Yes Quickly is a manuscript of poetry.
2

Cloração de água com 17\'beta\'-estradiol e utilização do teste YES para avaliação de estrogenicidade / Chlorination of water with 17\'beta\'-estradiol and application of the YES test for estrogenicity assessment

Fischer, Natália 02 July 2013 (has links)
Recentemente, a identificação de substâncias consideradas desreguladores endócrinos em meios aquáticos e a associação destas substâncias com alterações nas comunidades aquáticas, como dificuldades de reprodução em populações de peixes, mostra a importância da pesquisa de tratamentos mais eficientes para a remoção destas substância, bem como uma compreensão maior dos mecanismos de sua oxidação. Dentre estas substâncias de interesse, destacam-se alguns fármacos e hormônios naturais e sintéticos, como é o caso do 17\'beta\'-estradiol. A oxidação com cloro é uma alternativa eficiente para a remoção destas substâncias, mas a formação de subprodutos da oxidação gera preocupações quanto ao risco destes compostos continuarem a apresentar atividade estrogênica, e portanto riscos à comunidade aquática. A proposta desta pesquisa é estudar a oxidação com cloro do 17\'beta\'-estradiol em água de abastecimento, com foco na avaliação da remoção da estrogenicidade utilizando o teste YES. A escolha pela cloração foi feita visto que este é o tratamento mais difundido no Brasil, assim as concentrações e tempos de contato estudados também foram definidos de forma a corresponder àqueles utilizados regularmente em Estações de Tratamento de Água. / In the past years, the identification of some substances classified as endocrine disruptors in water environments has been associated with alterations in these environments dynamics, such as reproduction difficulties in fish populations. Such problems show the need for more efficient removal techniques of these substances and a greater understanding of the mechanisms involved in their oxidation. Among these substances are some pharmaceuticals, natural and synthetic hormones, such as 17\'beta\'-estradiol. Chlorination is an eficcient treatment alternative for removing these substances. However the formation of chlorination by-products is a concerning risk of this treatment, since some by-products may still possess estrogenic activity, therefore continuing to offer risks to the water environment. The aim of this research is to study the 17\'beta\'-estradiol chlorination in drinking water, with emphasis on estrogenicity removal using the YES test. Chlorination was chosen since this is the most used oxidation process in Brazil. Likewise the chlorine concentrations and contact times used in this study were chosen to correspond to those usually used in Water Treatment Plants.
3

Cloração de água com 17\'beta\'-estradiol e utilização do teste YES para avaliação de estrogenicidade / Chlorination of water with 17\'beta\'-estradiol and application of the YES test for estrogenicity assessment

Natália Fischer 02 July 2013 (has links)
Recentemente, a identificação de substâncias consideradas desreguladores endócrinos em meios aquáticos e a associação destas substâncias com alterações nas comunidades aquáticas, como dificuldades de reprodução em populações de peixes, mostra a importância da pesquisa de tratamentos mais eficientes para a remoção destas substância, bem como uma compreensão maior dos mecanismos de sua oxidação. Dentre estas substâncias de interesse, destacam-se alguns fármacos e hormônios naturais e sintéticos, como é o caso do 17\'beta\'-estradiol. A oxidação com cloro é uma alternativa eficiente para a remoção destas substâncias, mas a formação de subprodutos da oxidação gera preocupações quanto ao risco destes compostos continuarem a apresentar atividade estrogênica, e portanto riscos à comunidade aquática. A proposta desta pesquisa é estudar a oxidação com cloro do 17\'beta\'-estradiol em água de abastecimento, com foco na avaliação da remoção da estrogenicidade utilizando o teste YES. A escolha pela cloração foi feita visto que este é o tratamento mais difundido no Brasil, assim as concentrações e tempos de contato estudados também foram definidos de forma a corresponder àqueles utilizados regularmente em Estações de Tratamento de Água. / In the past years, the identification of some substances classified as endocrine disruptors in water environments has been associated with alterations in these environments dynamics, such as reproduction difficulties in fish populations. Such problems show the need for more efficient removal techniques of these substances and a greater understanding of the mechanisms involved in their oxidation. Among these substances are some pharmaceuticals, natural and synthetic hormones, such as 17\'beta\'-estradiol. Chlorination is an eficcient treatment alternative for removing these substances. However the formation of chlorination by-products is a concerning risk of this treatment, since some by-products may still possess estrogenic activity, therefore continuing to offer risks to the water environment. The aim of this research is to study the 17\'beta\'-estradiol chlorination in drinking water, with emphasis on estrogenicity removal using the YES test. Chlorination was chosen since this is the most used oxidation process in Brazil. Likewise the chlorine concentrations and contact times used in this study were chosen to correspond to those usually used in Water Treatment Plants.
4

Interrogative Features

Ginsburg, Jason Robert January 2009 (has links)
There has been a great deal of work examining the structures of yes/no and wh-constructions that has led to many important developments in linguistic theory. In this dissertation, I extend this work by developing a theory that explains how the behavior of Qu-morphemes (question morphemes) and wh-phrases in interrogative constructions in several different languages is influenced by `interrogative features.' The interrogative features are 1) a Qu-feature, which is responsible for typing a clause as an interrogative, 2) a wh-feature, which is responsible for giving a wh-phrase scope, and 3) a Focus-feature, which is responsible for focusing certain relevant phrases. The main focus of this work is on explaining the influence of these interrogative features on the positions of question morphemes and wh-phrases. In the first part of this work, I examine the behavior of Qu-morphemes. I account for why a Qu-morpheme must appear in the clause periphery in certain languages, such as Japanese, whereas it can appear in a non-clause-peripheral position in other languages, such as Sinhala. I explain how a Qu-feature associated with a Qu-morpheme types a clause and why there is variation in the positions of Qu-morphemes. The second part of this work focuses on the behavior of wh-phrases. I account for why wh-constructions can be formed with an in-situ wh-phrase (for example, in Japanese), with movement of a wh-phrase to a scope position (for example, in English), or with movement of a wh-phrase to a non-scopal position (for example, in some dialects of German). I also examine other phenomena involving wh-phrases. I show how wh-feature movement can influence well-formedness of a wh-construction. I explain why, in certain cases, what would normally be an ill-formed construction can be repaired via the addition of a wh-phrase. I examine why some languages, but not others, allow multiple wh-constructions. Lastly, I investigate the odd behavior of the wh-phrase 'why,' which behaves differently from other wh-phrases. This work is novel in that it provides a unified analysis of cross-linguistic and language internal variation in the structures of yes/no and wh-constructions.
5

Varumärken alla köper, men ingen pratar om : En kvalitativ studie om hur hög lojalitet och lågt engagemang hör ihop

Håkansson, Hannes, Nilsson, Andrea January 2011 (has links)
Ett besök på Ica fick oss som kommande uppsatsförfattare att begrunda hur vi resonerar i våra val av varumärken i dagligvaruhandeln. Efter en snabb visit kunde vi konstatera att dessa val sedan lång tid tillbaka är bestämda och djupt rotade i vårt undermedvetna. Tankarna fördes vidare och blev sedan inledningsfasen till de två grundpelare som genomsyrar denna uppsats – lojalitet och lågengagemang. Med dessa grundpelare som stöd kom vi sedan att ifrågasätta oss varför hög lojalitet inte nödvändigtvis bygger på ett djupt engagemang. Detta med utgångspunkt i att vi båda var fast beslutna om vilka varumärken vi valde. Varumärken som vi sedan barnsben exponerats för och som vi så länge vi kan minnas varit trogna, utan att egentligen kunna motivera varför. Ofta pratar man bara om det stora, ledande och omtalande varumärkena som exempelvis Apple. Varför pratar ingen om varumärken inom produktkategorierna som diskmedel och tandkräm? Varumärken som vi ofta utsätts för och på så vis förhåller oss i en relation till. Vårt fokus kom sedan att hamna på just dessa två produktkategorier.   Vi genomförde en kvalitativ studie på sex personer. Frågorna var sammanfattande i en intervjuguide utformade efter fem olika teorier: branding, konsumentfunktioner, konsumentperspektiv, konsumentbeteende och lågengagemang. Teorier som vi ansåg kunna koppla ihop med våra grundpelare hög lojalitet och lågengagemang.   Resultatet visade på att informanterna väljer sina varumärken utifrån hur pass exponerade de blivit inför dessa. Detta medför i sin tur att informanterna väljer att blunda för andra varumärken inom produktkategorierna diskmedel och tandkräm. Ingen av informanterna kunde motivera sina val utan talade om en ”känsla” som det helt enkelt inte kunde sätta fingret på. En känsla som gör informanterna tillfredsställda, utan att egentligen veta vad som ligger bakom denna tillfredsställelse. En slutsats vi kunde urskilja var att skillnaden mellan hög- och lågengagemang är huruvida man kan sätta fingret på denna ”känsla” eller inte.
6

Investigation of endocrine disrupting compounds in membrane bioreactor and UV processes

Yang, Wenbo 12 January 2010 (has links)
Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in the environment have recently emerged as a major issue in Canada and around the globe. The primary objective of this thesis was to investigate the fate of EDCs in two wastewater treatment processes, membrane bioreactors (MBRs) and ultraviolet (UV) disinfection. Two submerged MBR systems using hollow fiber membranes from two membrane manufacturers were tested. The results from a bench-scale and a pilot scale MBR for the treatment of swine wastewater with high concentration of EDCs showed that over 94% of the estrogenic activity (EA) in the influent was reduced through the MBR process. Biological degradation was the dominant removal mechanism for the removal of EDCs in MBRs. Over 85% of the influent EA was reduced by biodegradation through the MBR process. The other MBR system was built to study the removal mechanisms of two estrogens in a hybrid MBR with the addition of powdered activated carbon (PAC). The effects of PAC dosing on MBR overall performance was studied as well. It was found that PAC dosing could increase the removal rates of 17β-estradiol (E2) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) by 3.4% and 15.8%, respectively and result in a slower rate of trans-membrane pressure (TMP) increase during MBR operation, which could significantly reduce the operating cost for membrane cleaning and/or replacement. The operating cost for PAC dosing could be offset by the benefit achieved from reducing the cost for membrane maintenance. The slower rate of TMP increase in the PAC-MBR was associated with the lower concentrations of soluble extracellular polymeric substances and colloidal organic compounds in the PAC-MBR sludge. The degradation kinetics of three estrogens, estrone (E1), E2, and EE2 in de-ionized water by UV irradiation was studied. The experimental results showed both the apparent concentrations and overall EA of all three investigated estrogens in water decreased with direct UV irradiation. To further study the impact of UV on the overall EA of wastewater, the EA of pre-UV and post-UV samples from five wastewater treatment plants were measured in both liquid and solid phase by Yeast Estrogen Screen assay. It was found that the EA of wastewater decreased after UV disinfection in three of the investigated plants whereas it increased in the other two plants. This observation needs to be further studied because it might have significant impacts on the application of UV systems for wastewater disinfection.
7

Investigation of endocrine disrupting compounds in membrane bioreactor and UV processes

Yang, Wenbo 12 January 2010 (has links)
Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in the environment have recently emerged as a major issue in Canada and around the globe. The primary objective of this thesis was to investigate the fate of EDCs in two wastewater treatment processes, membrane bioreactors (MBRs) and ultraviolet (UV) disinfection. Two submerged MBR systems using hollow fiber membranes from two membrane manufacturers were tested. The results from a bench-scale and a pilot scale MBR for the treatment of swine wastewater with high concentration of EDCs showed that over 94% of the estrogenic activity (EA) in the influent was reduced through the MBR process. Biological degradation was the dominant removal mechanism for the removal of EDCs in MBRs. Over 85% of the influent EA was reduced by biodegradation through the MBR process. The other MBR system was built to study the removal mechanisms of two estrogens in a hybrid MBR with the addition of powdered activated carbon (PAC). The effects of PAC dosing on MBR overall performance was studied as well. It was found that PAC dosing could increase the removal rates of 17β-estradiol (E2) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) by 3.4% and 15.8%, respectively and result in a slower rate of trans-membrane pressure (TMP) increase during MBR operation, which could significantly reduce the operating cost for membrane cleaning and/or replacement. The operating cost for PAC dosing could be offset by the benefit achieved from reducing the cost for membrane maintenance. The slower rate of TMP increase in the PAC-MBR was associated with the lower concentrations of soluble extracellular polymeric substances and colloidal organic compounds in the PAC-MBR sludge. The degradation kinetics of three estrogens, estrone (E1), E2, and EE2 in de-ionized water by UV irradiation was studied. The experimental results showed both the apparent concentrations and overall EA of all three investigated estrogens in water decreased with direct UV irradiation. To further study the impact of UV on the overall EA of wastewater, the EA of pre-UV and post-UV samples from five wastewater treatment plants were measured in both liquid and solid phase by Yeast Estrogen Screen assay. It was found that the EA of wastewater decreased after UV disinfection in three of the investigated plants whereas it increased in the other two plants. This observation needs to be further studied because it might have significant impacts on the application of UV systems for wastewater disinfection.
8

SHAKING DIGITAL FISTS: THE SHAPE OF TACTICS OF INTERNET-MEDIATED SOCIAL MOVEMENT GROUPS

WARNER, BRIAN AUSTIN 10 August 2007 (has links)
No description available.
9

The Role of Biomechanical Cues in Mechanotransduction and Breast Cancer Metastasis

Raha, Arjun January 2022 (has links)
Breast cancer metastasis to the brain is one of the most lethal forms of metastases. Metastasis is regarded as a non-random process governed by several biomechanical factors including tissue stiffness. As brain tissue is ultrasoft and extremely heterogeneous compared to breast cancer primary sites; how are breast cancer cells able to colonize the vastly different microenvironment of the brain? As a key protein of the Hippo pathway, YAP is regarded as a mechanotransducer that is sensitive to changes in substrate stiffness. Its biochemical activity is intertwined with Piezo1, a mechanosensitive ion channel activated through plasma membrane deformation. To impact cellular function, YAP enters the nucleus and binds to the TEAD transcription domain triggering downstream expression of proteins involved in cell motility, wound healing, and metastasis. In this work, triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) were shown to experience greater migration rates on stiff surfaces compared to soft PDMS substrates. Concurrently, cells showed YAP nuclear localization in a stiffness dependent manner. Then, mechanical characterization of human brain tissue was performed to characterize the stiffness heterogeneity in the brain associated with region specific metastasis. Five to six regions of the brain from two different patients showed similar patterns of stiffness heterogeneity with the anterior regions being generally stiffer than posterior regions. As Piezo1 is directly linked with detecting changes in biomechanical stimuli, it was used as a readout of surface stiffness to examine if cells in the brain could detect different regional stiffnesses. Comparisons of grey and white matter showed no significant difference in Piezo1 expression. As a drug screening framework, molecular dynamic simulations were performed to evaluate drug efficacy on well-characterized inflammatory mediators that are implicated in metastasis. These findings contribute to understanding the gap in knowledge surrounding the interplay between tissue stiffness and YAP mechanotransduction in the context of breast-to-brain metastasis. / Thesis / Master of Applied Science (MASc) / Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer related deaths in women particularly when it spreads to the brain. The brain is composed of many different sub-locations comprised of different proteins that can change the tissue’s stiffness. Breast cancer can detect these changes and become more aggressive in its growth using a combination of proteins such as yes associated protein (YAP) and Piezo1. How these proteins interact in the context of breast to brain cancer metastasis however is poorly understood. This project examined the effects of surface stiffness, on YAP, and Piezo1 activity to understand how breast cancer and brain cells react to changes in surface stiffness. Results showed that on stiff surfaces YAP activity affects cancer cell migration. Also, human brain tissue was found to vary in stiffness depending on the region examined. Future investigations may shed light on therapies that could take advantage of learnings in this area to better target the spread of breast cancer.
10

DUAL FUNCTIONS OF YES-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN (YAP) IN RETINA AND RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM (RPE) IN EYE DEVELOPMENT

Kim, jin young January 2015 (has links)
Yes-associated protein (Yap) transcriptional co-activator, a major downstream effector of Hippo signaling pathway, controls organ size by modulating cell proliferation and apoptosis. The Hippo signaling cascade phosphorylates Yap, and this phosphorylation inhibits the nuclear retention of Yap, which is essential for cell proliferation. Thus, the loss of Hippo pathway components leads to enlarged organs through increased Yap activity in the nucleus. Our initial study showed that Yap was expressed in the developing retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), suggesting Yap's tissue-specific roles during the eye development. Intriguingly, Yap proteins were localized at the apical junctions in addition to the nucleus and cytosol of the retinal progenitor cells, adding another level of regulation. To uncover the tissue- and localization-specific functions of Yap, we generated a Yap conditional knockout mouse with Rx-Cre for the ablation of the Yap gene in the developing retina and RPE. Upon deletion of Yap, the retina showed severe lamination defects with numerous folding, which is reminiscent of the polarity and adhesion loss. The RPE, a single pigmented cell layer overlying the retina, lost pigmentation and changed into a multi-layered epithelium. The marker analysis revealed that 1) in the retina, the localization of the polarity complex proteins such as Pals1, Crb1 and atypical PKC were disrupted, suggesting Yap's indispensable role in junctional stability, and 2) the level of Otx2 in RPE decreased while those of Chx10 and beta-tubulin increased, suggesting transdifferentiation of RPE into the retina. In addition, the deletion of Yap induced a decrease in proliferation and an increase in apoptosis, ultimately resulting in microphthalmia. In conclusion, our results are consistent with the model that Yap functions in the stabilization of apical proteins for maintenance of the laminar organization, determination of RPE territory, and regulation of proliferation and apoptosis during the eye development. / Cell Biology

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