Thesis (Ph. D. in food science)--Washington State University, December 2007. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1996. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 209-219). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1996. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 209-219). Also available on the Internet.

Orientador: Benedito Carlos Benedetti / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agricola / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T12:24:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eduardo_MarisadePaula_M.pdf: 932445 bytes, checksum: c54a412323f66b902628af1a376b11fe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / Resumo: O objetivo deste projeto foi avaliar a ação do cálcio na manutenção da textura de abacaxi minimamente processado em fatias. O trabalho foi dividido em dois experimentos distintos, porém complementares. Frutos do cultivar 'Smooth Cayenne¿ foram submetidos a: seleção, lavagem, sanitização, resfriamento, descasque, fatiamento, imersão em solução de sais de cálcio, embalagem e armazenagem refrigerada a 5oC. No Experimento I, o objetivo foi avaliar a textura de fatias de abacaxi minimamente processados quando tratadas com diferentes sais de cálcio (cloreto, sulfato e lactato) em duas concentrações (1% e 3%), analisando parâmetros químicos como pH e sólidos solúveis totais (SST). Para análise da textura, duas ponteiras de penetração (esmagamento e cisalhamento) foram utilizadas, visando escolher o melhor método de avaliação. Os resultados mostraram que os tratamentos com sulfato de cálcio aumentaram o índice da textura do abacaxi em até 28% em relação à testemunha. A ponteira de penetração por esmagamento foi selecionada com base na menor variabilidade dos resultados. O Experimento II foi elaborado com o objetivo de avaliar somente o efeito do sulfato de cálcio nos parâmetros pH, SST, acidez total titulável, textura e composição gasosa do abacaxi minimamente processado ao longo do armazenamento. Análises microbiológicas mostraram que não houve contaminação por coliformes fecais durante o período testado. Na análise sensorial realizada os consumidores potenciais não perceberam a presença do cálcio nas amostras testadas. Concluiu-se que a aplicação de cálcio interferiu positivamente na manutenção das propriedades de textura do produto e não influiu nas propriedades organolépticas / Abstract: The objective of the dissertation was to evaluate the effect of calcium on the texture maintenance of minimally processed pineapple slice. The research was divided into two distinct but complementary experiments. 'Smooth Cayenne¿ fruits were submitted to: selection, pre-washing, cooling, peeling, slicing, immersion in the solution of calcium salt, packing and storing at 5oC. In Experiment I the objective was evaluated the texture of minimally processed pineapple slice when treated with different calcium sources in two concentrations (1% and 3%) analysing chemical parameters such as pH and total dissolve solids (TDS). Two penetration tips (crushing and shearing) were used to measure the texture aiming to choose the best tip. The results showed that the treatments with calcium sulphate increased the maintenance of pineapples slices up to 28% in comparison to the control. The crushing penetration tip was selected based on the lower variability of obtained results. Experiment II was conducted to determine the calcium sulphate effect on several physical and chemical parameters such as pH, TDS, total titulavel acidity, texture and gaseous composition of the minimally processed pineapple slices along storage period. Microbiological analyses showed that no contamination by faecal coli forms occurred during the test period. Sensorial analyse performed with potential consumers did not indicate the perception of calcium. It was concluded that the calcium application acted positively on the texture maintenance of the product and did not interfere in organoleptic properties / Mestrado / Tecnologia Pós-Colheita / Mestre em Engenharia Agrícola

Résumé : La dénutrition subséquente à la dysphagie chez les résidents en centre d’hébergement et de soins de longue durée (CHSLD) est un problème majeur en raison de ses conséquences délétères, de sa prévalence élevée et de ses multiples facteurs de risque. La principale intervention nutritionnelle chez cette clientèle est de faciliter l’alimentation avec un régime de textures adaptées (ex. : purée, hachée). Cependant, des taux élevés de dénutrition sont constatés, malgré les interventions. La production d’aliments à textures adaptées, souvent réalisée en institution, comporte de nombreux défis (qualités organoleptiques, valeur nutritive, textures) alors que les produits commerciaux peuvent présenter plusieurs avantages. Les aliments Épikura© se distinguent avec des valeurs nutritives standardisées, des textures mesurées et un aspect visuel amélioré, en plus d’une efficacité clinique montrée lors d’une étude pilote. Le manque de données probantes dans le domaine a inspiré l’idée d’évaluer l’effet des aliments Épikura© sur les apports nutritionnels et le poids de résidents dysphagiques en CHSLD. Pour ce faire, nous avons réalisé un essai clinique randomisé. Les participants ont reçu, de façon aléatoire, les aliments Épikura© (groupe expérimental) ou les aliments à textures adaptées institutionnels (groupe témoin) pendant 20 semaines. Dû à des contraintes organisationnelles et à la fragilité de la clientèle, la taille d’échantillon optimale (n calculé = 48) n’a pu être atteinte (n réel = 17). Une augmentation significative des apports énergétiques, glucidiques et lipidiques (p < 0,05) a tout de même été observée dans le groupe expérimental (n = 7), en comparaison avec le groupe témoin (n = 10). Les participants des deux groupes ont conservé un poids stable, toutefois une tendance à la baisse a été observée dans le groupe témoin. Nos résultats montrent que les aliments Épikura© ont le potentiel d’améliorer les apports énergétiques et nutritionnels chez les résidents dysphagiques en CHSLD. De plus, l’étude souligne les défis méthodologiques reliés à la recherche en milieu clinique et d’hébergement et met en évidence les perspectives de la recherche dans le domaine des aliments à textures adaptées. / Abstract : Malnutrition resulting from dysphagia among older adults living in a residential longterm care (LTC) facility is a major concern as regards its high prevalence, multiple risk factors and severe consequences. The main intervention among this clientele is to provide a texture-modified diet in order to facilitate feeding. However, despite interventions, high prevalence of malnutrition is observed. In-house production of texture-modified foods is common and challenging (organoleptic qualities, nutritional value, texture) whereas commercial products can provide several advantages. Epikura© foods distinguished itself by its standardized nutritional values, rheological measures and improved visual aspect, in addition to a clinical efficacy shown in a previous pilot study. The goal of this study is to assess the effect of Epikura© foods on nutritional intakes and weight of dysphagic residents of LTC facility. A randomized clinical trial was conducted where participants were randomly allocated to receive either Epikura© foods (experimental group) or in-house texture-modified foods (control group) during 20 weeks. Due to organizational constraints and the frailty of this clientele, optimal sample size (calculated n = 48) could not be reached (actual n = 17). Significant increase in energy, carbohydrates and lipids intakes (p < 0.05) has nevertheless been oberved in the experimental group (n = 7), in comparison with the control group (n = 10). Participants of both groups maintain a stable weight, although the control group experienced a downward trend. Our results showed that Epikura© foods have the potential to improve nutritional intakes among dysphagic residents of LTC facility. Moreover, this study highlights methodological challenges of conducting research in a clinical setting and emphasizes new research opportunities in the area of texture-modified foods.