Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health problem that affects millions every year across the U.S., including families with young children. Children exposed to IPV can suffer consequences such as negative developmental and psychological outcomes and sometimes physical harm. Previous research has found an association between IPV victimization and risk of child maltreatment. In addition to further examining the relation between IPV and child maltreatment risk, this study tested maternal depression and parental stress as mediators and social support as a moderator in the IPV-child maltreatment risk relation. The research was conducted using data from a study of low-income, first-time mothers who were enrolled in a home visitation program. Results show that IPV physical and psychological victimization is significantly associated with child maltreatment risk, and this relation is mediated by maternal depression. These findings provide valuable information for those in the child welfare field, IPV victim advocacy, and home visitation services. A multi-system response should be employed to ensure that services for victims are comprehensive and address all areas of need. This approach is necessary in order to improve outcomes for IPV victims as well as their children.

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The choice of appropriate collaborative partners has consistently been reported as a key issue for contemporary managers. This study reports findings from a study which explored the process and criteria of partner selection - how and why partners are chosen. The results show multiple cycles of deal-making, partnership roles and organizational approval. Partner choice criteria focused on partnership requirements, but was influenced by additional factors. These results suggest that partner selection may be much more complex than previously recognized and could be better described as partner negotiation. <br /><br /> The researcher reviewed recent literature on partnerships, decision-making, and partner selection. Concepts from this previous work were updated with data from three initial interviewees experienced in university-industry partnerships. A conceptual Partner Negotiation Model was developed including three cycles of Deal-Making, Organizational Approval, and Partner Role/Selection. Our hypothesized Partner Choice Criteria centred on requirements, but were influenced by resource availability, social network, reputation, politics, and ambiguity. Two Canada-wide distance education consortia were identified as large-scale case studies for investigation of the research theory. A total of 34 informants were contacted. Written business plans, contracts, documents, partner network diagrams and 231 archival e-mails from 36 correspondents were collected and analysed for the two consortia. <br /><br /> The results showed strong support for partner selection included in negotiation cycles of deal-making and organizational approval. Partner choice criteria supported the need to meet documented requirements, but was also strongly influenced by resource availability, social network, and reputation. Additional issues of interest to the interviewees were motivation, operations, unit of partner, self-sustaining income, and integration to one consortium. As well, the Case Study Narratives offered deep, interesting insight into two specific cases of Canadian consortia. <br /><br /> The findings suggest that the formation of partnerships and the process of partner selection are both very complex. This research has provided new insights linking business negotiation concepts with partner selection. A model has been developed for viewing partner selection as negotiation. Three negotiation cycles of deal-making, organizational approval, and partner role/selection have been proposed. The research has identified four criteria that influence why specific partners are chosen ? requirements, resource availability, social network, and reputation. Finally, based on the complexities and issues from this work, a number of ideas for future research have been summarized.

Although research has begun to examine the factors which facilitate forgiveness in romantic relationships, there is currently limited empirical research examining the partner behaviours which promote or alternatively thwart forgiveness in romantic relationships. I examined the role of perceived partner responsiveness (showing understanding and validation) in mediating the link between offers of amends and forgiveness for real-life hurtful events. Results showed that perceived partner responsiveness emerged as a key predictor of forgiveness and as an important mediator of the relationship between amends and forgiveness. This meditational model was further moderated by event severity and relationship satisfaction, such that at high levels of event severity and low levels of relationship satisfaction, both amends and responsiveness showed unique, positive direct effects on forgiveness. Finally, exploratory analyses indicated that not all forgiveness-seeking behaviours are “created equal”—verbal behaviours that directly address the hurtful event appear to convey sincere amends and responsiveness while those behaviours (verbal and non-verbal) which do not directly address the hurtful event undermine forgiveness.

Feeling that a partner is responsive to one’s needs is crucial to intimacy (Reis, Clark, & Holmes, 2004). Just as the well-known expression, “the squeaky wheel gets the grease,” suggests that people who voice the most complaints elicit the most support from others, existing theory and research suggest that the more one expresses one’s emotions, the more one’s partners should behave responsively—with caring, understanding, and validation (Reis et al., 2004; Reis & Shaver, 1988). However, I suspected that when a person frequently expresses negativity, individual negative disclosures seem less diagnostic of true distress, and thus elicit less responsiveness from partners. Building on Biernat, Manis, and Nelson’s (1991) shifting standards model, I predicted that people use person-specific standards—taking into account the expresser’s typical (baseline) level of negative expressivity—when interpreting a close other’s negative disclosures. Results of six studies employing both correlational and experimental methods supported the hypothesis that people who frequently express negativity may have the severity of their distress underestimated and elicit less concern and responsiveness from their partners when they make negative disclosures. These findings provide insight into why even close relationship partners may fail to behave responsively to each other’s negative disclosures.

Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 is a model organism used to study the circadian rhythm, a process that is driven by an endogenous biological clock that can be modulated by external cues such as light and temperature. Some proteins have been identified that are involved in circadian signal transduction in S. elongatus. Of them, KaiA, KaiB and KaiC comprise the central oscillator components, which are essential for internal timekeeping. SasA is an important protein in the output pathway, which passes the information from central oscillator to downstream components, and thus controls metabolic and behavioral processes. CikA is a major component in the input pathway, which maintains synchrony of the oscillator with the environment. CikA is an unusual phytochrome-like histidine protein kinase. It has a pseudo receiver domain which can not accept a phosphoryl group. CikA is thought to be located at the poles of the cell through interaction between PsR and some protein or protein complex that is also localized at the poles. One of the potential CikA-interacting proteins identified through a yeast two hybrid screen is called hypothetical protein 1. It specifically recognizes a PsR bait in a yeast two hybrid assay. A bioinformatics analysis showed that there are predicted signal peptide and transmembrane domains at the N-terminal and a cytochrome C homolog domain at the C-terminal of Hyp1. Elucidating the features and function of Hyp1 will provide us with useful information to understand the function and working mechanism of CikA, and therefore will help us to clarify the signal transduction in the clock. In this research, I used genetic, cell biological and biochemical approaches to study the features and function of this newly identified clock component Hyp1. To confirm the interaction between PsR and Hyp1 and complement the yeast two hybrid data, I truncated Hyp1 (Thyp1) and purified soluble Thyp1. At the same time, I obtained purified PsR. I tried to copurify the PsR and 6-histidine-tagged Hyp1 on a nickel affinity column. However, PsR non-specifically bound to the column, which eliminated the utility of this approach to study their interaction. In addition to using a biochemical approach to study Hyp1, I constructed three hyp1 overexpression alleles for genetic analysis and two hyp1-yfp overexpression fusion alleles for subcellular localization studies. All of them will help us to understand the features and function of Hyp1.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kent State University, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Nov. 2, 2009). Advisor: Stevan Hobfoll. Keywords: intimate partner violence; PTSD; empowerment; resources. Includes bibliographical references (p. 74-83).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2009. / Adviser: Jana L. Jasinski. Includes bibliographical references (p. 188-204).

Bakgrund: Stroke är västvärldens tredje vanligaste dödsorsak. Varje år får ungefär 30 000 människor stroke i Sverige. När någon insjuknat i stroke berörs även deras partner. Syftet med studien var att belysa hur partnern till den som insjuknat i stroke upplevde sin livssituation utifrån väsentlig litteratur. Metod: I studien användes latent innehållsanalys som analysmetod för de kvalitativa artiklarna som var inspirerad av Graneheim och Lundman (2003). För de kvantitativa artiklarna har Polit och Hunglers (1997) manifesta analysmetod använts. Resultatet visade vad som påverkade partnerns livssituation. Det framkom att partnern tog på sig ett stort ansvar för den vårdande rollen och hemmets alla uppgifter som upplevdes påfrestande. Vid förbättring hos den som insjuknat i stroke upplevde partnern välbefinnande. Partnern kände sig otillräcklig och upplevde social isolering, ensamhet och rädsla för att lämna den som insjuknat i stroke ensam. Existentiell oro och ovisshet upplevdes och kunde leda till fysiska problem. Slutsatser: Vi fann att partnernas upplevelse följde en viss struktur över tiden, att det direkt efter hemkomst var en tung och komplex situation som upplevdes men med tiden accepterade de händelsen och såg det positiva med tillvaron.

The Domestic Violence Act was passed in Ghana in 2007 marking a shift in the legal recourse available to survivors of intimate partner violence. The goal of my research is to identify the social, cultural, and legal changes that have occurred in Accra, Ghana and the surrounding areas since the passage of the DV Act. While in Ghana I spoke with men and women who were involved in the struggle to get the bill passed, as well as NGO employees and government officials who have seen men and women utilize the legal rights that the bill provides. I wanted to learn as much as I could about the cultural complexities of Ghana that continue to make the eradication of intimate partner violence so difficult. In the end, I hope that my research will add to a growing understanding of what is most lacking in the fight to attenuate the deleterious effects of intimate partner violence, so that advocates will be better able to truly implement the DVA’s emancipatory qualities. I also hope that the study will be a catalyst to promote continued education and invigorate activism. Methodologically, I used qualitative research tenets, utilizing in depth interviews and emergent coding. Results show how socio-culturally informed gendered attitudes and norms heavily impact the implementation of and enforcement of legal frameworks within communities. Findings also aid in a better understanding of the factors that surround violence against women in Ghana, and help explain how such factors are interrelated and mutually reinforcing. / text