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Boston University. University Professors Program Senior theses. / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / 2999-01-01

This thesis examines the first post-Soviet interplay between the US and Russia—the Clinton Administration's policy toward Russia from 1993 to 1997 (the “Clinton Policy”). The thesis uses Rational Action Theory and a unique combination of widely-proven and accepted perspectives on US presidential administration bureaucratic processes, presidential decision-making, political elite perceptions, the effects of bureaucratic organisation on policy decisions, and temporal effects to examine this critical point in US foreign policy. The thesis validates the point of view that the Clinton Policy was formulated and implemented with a myopic view of both Yeltsin and Russia as a result of personal histories and bias, bureaucratic inertia, and temporal dynamics. It further highlights that the Clinton Administration continued to resource and reinforce this unsuccessful policy despite objective indicators that its trajectory was not as desired or predicted. In a broader context, the thesis suggests that future US presidential administrations seeking to influence another country at so deep a level as to effect a major socio-political and structural change such as the implementation of democracy must have a significant resolve and commitment for an extended period, an initial and continuing assessment of the affected nation that is as complete and impartial as possible, and the mechanisms and will to discontinue an unsuccessful policy.

published_or_final_version / History / Master / Master of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Community Medicine / Master / Master of Public Health

This study seeks to estimate and compare tax burdens for hypothetical families assumed to reside in each of the eleven contiguous Western states--Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. The estimates are made for a wide range of incomes--from $3,500 to $50,000--in each state. The taxes are allocated employing various shifting assumptions based on economic and tax incidence analysis. The tax exporting issue is acknowledged, and the estimates of burden adjusted to account for this phenomena. As a result, the rankings of states by level of tax burden shown in this study differ from those yielded by the more usual taxes per capita and taxes per $1,000 of personal income measures. The procedure used in this study allows for interstate comparisons of tax burden at each of the ten income levels considered. As a by-product, it gives an estimate of the distribution of the tax burden within each of the eleven states. / Graduation date: 1973

The objective of this study was to identify and investigate the underlying basis for the increasing volume of U.S. imports of fishery products from 1958-1969. It was recognized that many institutional constraints contributed to the high marginal cost of domestic harvesting which placed the United States at a comparative disadvantage in fish production. However, the fact that both shrimp and tuna were in great demand by American consumers at the same time that these fishery resources were near their maximum sustainable yield contributed to an increased volume of shrimp and tuna imports. It was hypothesized that increasing domestic demand, together with an inelastic domestic supply schedule, contributed to increased prices and encouraged U.S. importation of fishery products. It was also hypothesized that these phenomena resulted in U.S. direct investment abroad for the exploitation of foreign fishery resources. The Heckscher-Ohlin theory of trade was utilized to examine the relationship of this hypothesis to other empirical studies of trade. A monthly time series regression analysis of the domestic Gulf and South Atlantic shrimp industry from 1958 through 1969 established that both the domestic supply schedule and the domestic demand schedule for these shrimp were price inelastic. Domestic demand was income elastic. An attempt to specify and estimate an import demand function was unsuccessful due to the lack of data necessary to estimate the simultaneous effects of import supply. However, after hypothesizing several supply relationships in a simultaneous model, it became apparent that increasing world and U.S. per capita incomes would put strong upward pressure on U.S. wholesale prices, ceteris paribus. These findings are not totally applicable to the U.S. groundfish industry; however, they are appropriate with reference to the tuna industry. Policy implications of these results were examined from a consumer, fisherman, national, and world perspective. Many policies which would benefit one group would not necessarily benefit all groups. Because free trade results in income redistribution between nations and individuals, the answer to the question of whether or not increasing imports are a cause for concern is contingent upon the identification of policy objectives. / Graduation date: 1974

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