Neste trabalho é enfocada a análise estrutural de lajes pré-moldadas formadas por vigotas treliçadas. Esta análise foi realizada mediante o modelo de grelha, considerando a não-linearidade do concreto armado utilizando-se a relação momento x curvatura e carregamento incremental. O modelo da não-linearidade do concreto armado foi avaliado com resultados experimentais de vigas bi-apoiadas e painéis de laje contínua. O trabalho inclui uma análise teórico-experimental de uma laje pré-moldada bidirecional isolada e simulações numéricas de casos representativos de arranjos estruturais das lajes treliçadas. As principais conclusões do trabalho foram: a) o modelo de grelha é bastante adequado para a análise de lajes nervuradas pré-moldadas; b) os resultados da análise teórico-experimental da laje pré-moldada indicam que os deslocamentos foram fortemente influenciados pela rigidez à torção e c) a redistribuição de momentos fletores nas lajes contínuas é relativamente pequena. / This work aims the structural analysis in precast slabs made by lattice joist. The scheme was carried out by using the grillage model considering the non-linear of the reinforced concrete through the relationship moment x curvature and incremental loads. The non-linear model of the reinforced concrete was appraised with experimental of simply supported beams and panels of continuos slabs. The work includes a theoretical-experimental analysis of a isolated bidirectional precast slabs and numeric simulations of representative cases of structural arrangements of the slabs witch lattice joist. The main conclusions of the work were: a) the grillage model is quite appropriate for precast ribbed slabs; b) the results of theoretical-experimental analysis of the precast slabs point out the relevance the torsional in the deflections and c) the bending moments redistribution in the continuous slabs are quite small.

L'objectif de cette thèse est d'améliorer les connaissances sur les processus et les facteurs de contrôle des flux d'altération chimiques à l'échelle d'un petit bassin versant tropical (Mule Hole, Inde du Sud). Le rôle de la minéralogie et du climat est étudié grâce à la modélisation. Dans la première partie du travail, les sols (fersialsols, vertisols) et la roche mère (gneiss) sont caractérisés minéralogiquement et chimiquement afin de procéder, dans la seconde partie, à la modélisation des processus. Le modèle géochimique est couplé avec un modèle hydrologique. Premièrement, les processus actuels sont étudiés. Le modèle est calibré grâce à la composition chimique du ruisseau et de la nappe. Les flux d'altération à l'échelle du bassin sont reproduits. Ils mettent en évidence le rôle prépondérant de l'altération des smectites (5% volumique dans les sols) sur le bilan d'altération du bassin. Finalement, des tests de sensibilité à la minéralogie et au climat sont réalisés.

Lack of knowledge about the lived experience of leisure is a result of the distanced, objective way in which it has primarily been studied (Hemingway, 1999), and there is an increased interest in conceptualizing leisure as a dynamic force for social and political change (Shaw, 1994; 2001; Mair, 2002/03; Sharpe, 2008). Constructs such as resistance (Shaw, 2001), critically reflexive leisure (Mair, Sumner & Rotteau, 2008) and pleasure-politics (Sharpe, 2008) illuminate the role and potential of individual and collective leisure in social change. Within a critical constructionist, qualitative research design, this study of witchcamps and magical activism was informed by feminist, queer, and leisure theories. Data were collected through participant-observation at 2 witchcamps, 21 semi-structured intensive interviews, 11 focused interviews, and 19 elicited electronic text submissions. This research reflects the emerging trend within leisure studies of using qualitative approaches and reflexivity to look at our own leisure (Axelsen, 2009; Collinson, 2007; Havitz, 2007; Lashua & Fox 2006; MacKellar, 2009; McCarville, 2007; Parry & Johnson, 2007; Rowe, 2006; Samdahl, 2008). As a member of the witchcamp community under study, the research was carried out in the researcher’s own community ‘backyard’ (Glesne & Peshkin, 1992), and as insider research, it provides a detailed description of alternative culture from the viewpoint of a professional researcher and personal insider. Data analysis followed a constant-comparative method, and employed memo writing, thematic, and focused coding. The study provides insight into the intersection of leisure, ecospirituality, community, and social change. Setting, activities, beliefs, and community intersect to function as a container for personal and social transformation, and provide an ‘antidote’ to alienation and isolation experienced by individuals in the dominant culture. The study provides empirical evidence of the centrality of leisure to community responsibility for broader social, political and environmental concerns, as theorized by Arai and Pedlar (2003). This research furthers the perspective that community is multidimensional, and has the potential to unify marginalized groups (Arai & Pedlar, 2003). The findings of this study also reflect Mair’s (2006) conceptualization of community as one that provides a space for celebration of diversity.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal / Pour respecter les droits d'auteur, la version électronique de cette thèse ou ce mémoire a été dépouillée, le cas échéant, de ses documents visuels et audio-visuels. La version intégrale de la thèse ou du mémoire a été déposée au Service de la gestion des documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Syftet med detta examensarbete har varit tudelat, med både kvalitativ och kvantitativ innehållsanalys. Den första har syftat till att undersöka vilken ställning historieämnet har haft i läro- och kursplaner, från år 1962 till 2012. Analys skulle också ske över vilken historia elever möter genom läromedel i historieundervisningen, vilket har skett utifrån Staffan Selanders definition av pedagogisk text-traduktion. Den kvantitativa innehållsanalysen har berört vilka och antalet begrepp eleverna möter i epokskildringen av häxprocesserna. Resultatet har visat att historieämnet som en del av styrdokumenten ständigt har haft en hög status, trots att det i den samhälleliga kontexten har gått att utläsa motsatt scenario. Kopplingen mellan nutid, dåtid och framtid har genom de tre granskade läroplanerna visats bli allt tydligare, likaså elevens egen påverkan av historien i morgon. Faktamässigt har historieskildringarna visats vara korrekta till text, dock skiljs läromedlen åt mellan hur stort utrymme epoken får och därmed hur utförliga texterna är. Detta har sett ut på liknande sätt över de 50 åren som de åtta utvalda läromedlen har blivit granskade, från först utgivna läromedel och det sist utgivna i undersökningen. Bilden som kunskapsbärare är en svaghet i faktatexterna om häxprocesserna då majoriteten av läromaterialen påvisar en inkorrekt faktabild, vilket motsäger texternas innehåll. Av de granskade begreppen kring häxprocesserna har ingen större förändring skett av vilka begrepp eleverna har mött över tid, däremot har utrymmet i textmassan av begreppen förändrats. Dock från ett läromedel till ett annat, ju kortare texter kring epoken desto större procentuellt utrymme tillges begreppen och vice versa. / The purpose of this essay has been twofold, with both qualitative and quantitative content analysis. The first aimed to investigate whether the status of the subject of history has changed in the curriculum, from 1962 until 2012. Analysis would also be done of the history students meet through study material in history teaching, the analysis was based on Staffan Selander's definition of pedagogical text transformation. The quantitative content analysis has touched whom and the frequency of concepts students meet in the era depiction of the witch trials. The result has shown that the subject of history as a part of the governing documents has had high status, even though the social context has been to deduce the opposite scenario. The link between present, past and future, has through the three examined curricula shown to become increasingly evident, and so has the student's own impact of the history tomorrow. Fact wise, historical depiction has shown to be accurate to the text. However, teaching materials differ between the amount of space the era gets and how detailed the texts are. This has shown to be the manner through the eight selected textbooks that have been examined in this study, from the first, of the year 1962, published study material to the last issued, in the year 2012. The image is a weakness in fact depiction of witch trials when the majority of materials use an incorrect factual picture, which contradicts textual contents. Among the examined concepts of witch trials, no major change of what concepts the students face has occurred over time. However, the space in the body of text of the terms has changed, from one material to another. The shorter the texts about the era is, the greater the percentage of space of concepts and vice versa.

This thesis is an intensive, multi-layered analysis of an unpublished, English language, handwritten, mid-20th century manuscript. Originally undated, untitled and unsigned, it has now been positively identified as “Text A”, a Wiccan proto-Book of Shadows compiled by Gerald Brosseau Gardner (1884-1964) in the last half of the 1940’s. Different methodologies were applied to the document: transcription using Leiden conventions, handwriting analysis to identify the author, archival research to uncover photographs of the manuscript in use, historical and bibliographical research to situate the manuscript and its author, and finally, an in-depth and exhaustive source analysis to uncover literary and documentary influences on the text. Subsequently, the manuscript was identified as handwritten by Gerald Gardner, from 1940 to 1949, and contains almost no original material other than a handful of pages for a speech or oral presentation. The rest of the document is comprised of extracts from published sources available to Gardner. These include books on Free Masonry, Templars, British Folklore, Kabbalah, Magic – ancient and ceremonial, and books by Aleister Crowley. The document also includes ritual passages and ceremonies, most of which also appear in Gardner’s published novel, High Magic’s Aid. Two theme-lines, “Magic – ancient and ceremonial” and “the writings of Aleiser Crowley”, comprising almost 40% of the total page count, were chosen for thorough analysis. Based on the information revealed by the various methodologies applied to this document, one can assert that Gardner’s claims to have been initiated into an ancient indigenous tradition, Wicca, and to be making available its long secret rituals are not supported by this document.

Lack of knowledge about the lived experience of leisure is a result of the distanced, objective way in which it has primarily been studied (Hemingway, 1999), and there is an increased interest in conceptualizing leisure as a dynamic force for social and political change (Shaw, 1994; 2001; Mair, 2002/03; Sharpe, 2008). Constructs such as resistance (Shaw, 2001), critically reflexive leisure (Mair, Sumner & Rotteau, 2008) and pleasure-politics (Sharpe, 2008) illuminate the role and potential of individual and collective leisure in social change. Within a critical constructionist, qualitative research design, this study of witchcamps and magical activism was informed by feminist, queer, and leisure theories. Data were collected through participant-observation at 2 witchcamps, 21 semi-structured intensive interviews, 11 focused interviews, and 19 elicited electronic text submissions. This research reflects the emerging trend within leisure studies of using qualitative approaches and reflexivity to look at our own leisure (Axelsen, 2009; Collinson, 2007; Havitz, 2007; Lashua & Fox 2006; MacKellar, 2009; McCarville, 2007; Parry & Johnson, 2007; Rowe, 2006; Samdahl, 2008). As a member of the witchcamp community under study, the research was carried out in the researcher’s own community ‘backyard’ (Glesne & Peshkin, 1992), and as insider research, it provides a detailed description of alternative culture from the viewpoint of a professional researcher and personal insider. Data analysis followed a constant-comparative method, and employed memo writing, thematic, and focused coding. The study provides insight into the intersection of leisure, ecospirituality, community, and social change. Setting, activities, beliefs, and community intersect to function as a container for personal and social transformation, and provide an ‘antidote’ to alienation and isolation experienced by individuals in the dominant culture. The study provides empirical evidence of the centrality of leisure to community responsibility for broader social, political and environmental concerns, as theorized by Arai and Pedlar (2003). This research furthers the perspective that community is multidimensional, and has the potential to unify marginalized groups (Arai & Pedlar, 2003). The findings of this study also reflect Mair’s (2006) conceptualization of community as one that provides a space for celebration of diversity.

Orientador: Álvaro Luiz Hattnher / Banca: Karin Volobuef / Banca: Orlando Nunes de Amorim / Resumo: Este trabalho propõe-se a rediscutir o conceito corrente de conto de fadas, tal como proposto por autores como Jolles (1976) e Propp (1983), a partir de um contraponto dessas teorias com as formulações de J. R. R. Tolkien em seu ensaio "Sobre histórias de fadas" (2006). Partindo dessa revisão, pretende-se demonstrar como As crônicas de Nárnia, de C. S. Lewis, pode ser lida como o que Tolkien denomina "história de fadas", pois a presença da oposição entre o "mundo real", com tempo e espaço histórico bem definidos, e o mundo maravilhoso ou "outro mundo" parece ser um fator decisivo para diferenciar um conto de fadas de uma história de fadas / Abstract: This research proposes to revisit the current concept of fairy tale as proposed by authors such as Jolles (1976) and Propp (1983), counterpointing those theories with the formulations of J.R.R. Tolkien in his essay "On Fairy-Stories" (2006). The aim is to demonstrate how The Chronicles of Narnia, by C. S. Lewis, can be read as a "fairy story" according to Tolkien, since the presence of an opposition between the "real world", with well defined time and historical space, and the wonderful world or "other world" seems to be a decisive factor to differentiate a fairy tale from a fairy story / Mestre

nÃo hà / O LeÃo, a Feiticeira e o Guarda-Roupa (1950), de C. S. Lewis, à uma tÃpica narrativa de fantasia. Assim, apresenta caracterÃsticas de forma e conteÃdo que tÃm sido tradicionalmente empregadas pelo gÃnero, entre elas o apelo a uma atmosfera medieval. A histÃria foi adaptada para o cinema de Hollywood em 2005 por Andrew Adamson, com tÃtulo homÃnimo. O objetivo principal desta dissertaÃÃo à discutir as estratÃgias utilizadas pelo diretor para produzir um blockbuster de aÃÃo no formato da clÃssica narrativa hollywoodiana, explorando os elementos fantÃsticos e medievais da obra. Parte-se da ideia de que a adaptaÃÃo, embora oriunda de um texto que ocupa um espaÃo perifÃrico no sistema literÃrio britÃnico, consegue se destacar no sistema cinematogrÃfico de Hollywood. A pesquisa tem carÃter descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, que consiste na leitura da obra literÃria e do filme para analisar como a fantasia e o medievalismo sÃo configurados nessas narrativas. A anÃlise levou-nos a concluir que a adaptaÃÃo foi capaz de ressignificar os elementos da obra literÃria responsÃveis por sua marginalizaÃÃo. Como base teÃrica, apoia-se nos princÃpios dos estudos descritivos de traduÃÃo, sobretudo no conceito de reescritura, de Lefevere (2007), e nos pressupostos da teoria dos polissistemas, de Even-Zohar (1990). Os referenciais teÃricos ainda incluem Todorov (2010, 2006) e Propp (2006), para caracterizar a obra como uma narrativa de fantasia; Cecire (2009) e Hobsbawm (1997), para abordar a questÃo do medievalismo; Compagnon (1999) e Wellek e Warren (2003), para discutir o cÃnone literÃrio; e Bordwell (1985), para delimitar as propriedades do padrÃo narrativo clÃssico de Hollywood. / The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe (1950), by C. S. Lewis, is a typical fantasy narrative. Thus, its form and contents are shaped by characteristics which have traditionally marked the genre, such as the appeal to a medieval atmosphere. The story was adapted to the Hollywood cinema by Andrew Adamson in 2005 keeping the same title. The main goal of this dissertation is to discuss the strategies employed by the director to produce an action blockbuster in the format of the classical Hollywood narrative through the exploration of the fantastic and medieval elements of the novel. It starts from the idea that the film adaptation, although it comes from a text which occupies a peripheral position in the British literary system, manages to stand out in the Hollywood cinematographic system. This research is descriptive and has a qualitative approach, which consists of the reading of both the novel and the film to analyse how fantasy and medievalism are configured in these narratives. The analysis led us to conclude that the adaptation was able to resignify the elements of the novel which are responsible for its marginalization. The theoretical bases for this work are the principles of the descriptive translation studies, especially the concept of rewriting, by Lefevere (2007), and the premises of the polysystem theory, by Even-Zohar (1990). Theoretical references still include Todorov (2010, 2006) and Propp (2006), to characterize the novel as a fantasy narrative; Cecire (2009) and Hobsbawm (1997), to approach the matter of medievalism; Compagnon (1999) and Wellek and Warren (2003), to discuss the literary canon; and Bordwell (1985), to delimitate the properties of the classical Hollywood narration pattern.

Neste trabalho é enfocada a análise estrutural de lajes pré-moldadas formadas por vigotas treliçadas. Esta análise foi realizada mediante o modelo de grelha, considerando a não-linearidade do concreto armado utilizando-se a relação momento x curvatura e carregamento incremental. O modelo da não-linearidade do concreto armado foi avaliado com resultados experimentais de vigas bi-apoiadas e painéis de laje contínua. O trabalho inclui uma análise teórico-experimental de uma laje pré-moldada bidirecional isolada e simulações numéricas de casos representativos de arranjos estruturais das lajes treliçadas. As principais conclusões do trabalho foram: a) o modelo de grelha é bastante adequado para a análise de lajes nervuradas pré-moldadas; b) os resultados da análise teórico-experimental da laje pré-moldada indicam que os deslocamentos foram fortemente influenciados pela rigidez à torção e c) a redistribuição de momentos fletores nas lajes contínuas é relativamente pequena. / This work aims the structural analysis in precast slabs made by lattice joist. The scheme was carried out by using the grillage model considering the non-linear of the reinforced concrete through the relationship moment x curvature and incremental loads. The non-linear model of the reinforced concrete was appraised with experimental of simply supported beams and panels of continuos slabs. The work includes a theoretical-experimental analysis of a isolated bidirectional precast slabs and numeric simulations of representative cases of structural arrangements of the slabs witch lattice joist. The main conclusions of the work were: a) the grillage model is quite appropriate for precast ribbed slabs; b) the results of theoretical-experimental analysis of the precast slabs point out the relevance the torsional in the deflections and c) the bending moments redistribution in the continuous slabs are quite small.