The purpose of this thesis work was to carry out initial studies on Scania’s possibility to have plastic rearview mirror glasses as that for example may reduce costs and problems for Scania’s customers and enable another design of the mirror assembly. It was performed by studying the legislative and Scania demands regarding rearview mirrors to write a test program, find and order plastic mirrors, and then perform the tests and evaluate the mirrors to see if they seem good enough for Scania’s trucks. A Scania technical regulation for rearview mirror glass was also written.   The tested mirrors were a Scania glass mirror as reference, a PC mirror from Sabic, a PC and a PMMA mirror from Specchidea, a mirror from SMR automotive, an ABS mirror from Ficocipa/Renault, an ABS mirror from Ford and a PC plastic from Bayer and they were tested for scratch resistance, temperature variations, impact resistance, corrosion and chemical resistance in that order. If a sample did not pass a certain test, it was not subjected to the next one.   Of all samples it was only the SMR mirror and the reference glass mirror that passed the first test (scratch resistance). The others became too scratched and were not tested further. The SMR and the glass mirror also withstood all the following tests very good, the SMR mirror was the best one of the tested mirrors. Probably the SMR mirror was the best one because many of the other mirrors did not seem to have been made for outdoor conditions and because it seemed to be the most modern mirror with a good abrasion resistant coating.   It was concluded that there is a future for plastic mirror glasses, that it would be interesting to do more tests on the mirrors, for example a UV test and a distortion test, and to test more mirrors as a new generation of plastic mirror glass seem to be underway. It would also be interesting to know how much cheaper and lighter the whole mirror assembly can become by changing to plastic mirror glass, which weighs 68% less than a glass mirror.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Tana French’s work has been the subject of a number of recent scholars. Scholarship on French ranges from theories of liminality, to meditations on how French’s work explores the “Celtic Tiger” phenomenon in Ireland, to looking at her stories as new takes on old fairy tales. French’s work straddles the line between popular detective fiction and literary fiction, upending popular tropes and creating something wholly new. One issue that has not been explored is how French’s work fits into a Lacanian framework. The six novels in her Dublin Murder Squad detective stories are rife with issues of psychological mirroring, or doubling. As such, they take the typical mystery trope of pairing a detective with a case that alters and reflects back their own psychological traumas, and takes them to a new level. This work will address issues of French’s characters and how they fit into the theories of Lacan’s Mirror Stage, as well as the “Real,” “Symbolic,” and “Imaginary” realms that we human beings unconsciously construct for ourselves. This writing examines the first two novels of the series, In the Woods, and The Likeness, and analyzes them in light of these theories, showing how mirroring exists in nearly every aspect of each text.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(情報学) / 甲第21206号 / 情博第659号 / 新制||情||114(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院情報学研究科知能情報学専攻 / (主査)講師 延原 章平, 教授 美濃 導彦, 教授 松田 哲也 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Informatics / Kyoto University / DFAM

Landau-Ginzburg Mirror Symmetry provides for the construction of two algebraic objects, called the A- and B-models. Special cases of these models–constructed using invertible polynomials and abelian symmetry groups–are well understood. In this thesis, we consider generalizations of the B-model, and specifically address the associativity of the multiplication in these models. We also prove an explicit B-model isomorphism for a class of polynomials in three variables.

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The Thermal Radiation Group at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University has been developing analytical and numerical heat transfer models for NASA's Langley Research Center for more than 25 years. Recent versions of these models are being used in the design of the next-generation thermal radiation detectors intended for Earth radiation budget campaigns. The current investigation presents three models for the absorption of electromagnetic radiation in thin films. The first assumes a surface heating boundary condition. The second model, derived from electromagnetic theory, is an analytical volumetric heat generation model. This model can be applied to a semi-infinite medium or to a thin-film absorber layers behaving as a second-surface mirror; that is, a semi-transparent coating deposited on top of a reflective surface. The third model is a statistical volumetric heat generation model that is derived using the Monte Carlo ray-trace (MCRT) method. These models are compared by using them to predict the transient temperature response of a generic thermal radiation detector. Results are presented for absorber layers in which the index of refraction is equal to the extinction coefficient. It was found that both of the volumetric heat generation models produce identical results. It was also found that the response of the detector due to shorter wavelengths deviates less from the surface absorption model than at longer wavelengths. A second-surface mirror reflection model for the absorber layer of the thermal radiation detector is also presented in this thesis. / Master of Science

Yes / Phantom Limb pain (PLP) affects up to 85% of all patients following an amputation, causing debilitating effects on their quality of life. Mirror Therapy (MT) has been reported to have potential success for the alleviation of PLP. Current understanding of PLP and the efficacy of MT for its alleviation are still unclear, therefore guidelines for treatment protocols are lacking. This literature review assesses the current best evidence for using MT to alleviate PLP of patients with amputation. Method: The authors systematically searched the academic databases Medline, Amed, CINAHL and Google Scholar, using key search terms with inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify relevant articles on the use of MT in populations of patients suffering PLP after unilateral limb amputation. Findings: Seven primary papers were identified and appraised. All the articles reported significant PLP alleviation after using MT with a trend for achieving phantom limb movement (PLM) prior to pain relief. Conclusions: Mirror Therapy is a promising intervention for PLP. Regular MT sessions are required to maintain treatment effect. Causes of PLP and pathways to its alleviation may be multifactorial; therefore further well-conducted RCTs are required to identify best practice.

Several next generation astronomical telescopes or large optical systems utilize aspheric/freeform optics for creating a segmented optical system. Multiple mirrors can be combined to form a larger optical surface or used as a single surface to avoid obscurations. In this paper, we demonstrate a specific case of the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST). This optic is a 4.2 m in diameter off-axis primary mirror using ZERODUR thin substrate, and has been successfully completed in the Optical Engineering and Fabrication Facility (OEFF) at the University of Arizona, in 2016. As the telescope looks at the brightest object in the sky, our own Sun, the primary mirror surface quality meets extreme specifications covering a wide range of spatial frequency errors. In manufacturing the DKIST mirror, metrology systems have been studied, developed and applied to measure low-to-mid-to-high spatial frequency surface shape information in the 4.2 m super-polished optical surface. In this paper, measurements from these systems are converted to Power Spectral Density (PSD) plots and combined in the spatial frequency domain. Results cover 5 orders of magnitude in spatial frequencies and meet or exceed specifications for this large aspheric mirror. Precision manufacturing of the super-polished DKIST mirror enables a new level of solar science.

As of July 2012, 777 exoplanets have been discovered utilizing mainly indirect detection techniques. The direct imaging of exoplanets is the next goal for astronomers, because it will reveal the diversity of planets and planetary systems, and will give access to the exoplanet's chemical composition via spectroscopy. With this spectroscopic knowledge, astronomers will be able to know, if a planet is terrestrial and, possibly, even find evidence of life. With so much potential, this branch of astronomy has also captivated the general public attention. The direct imaging of exoplanets remains a challenging task, due to (i) the extremely high contrast between the parent star and the orbiting exoplanet and (ii) their small angular separation. For ground-based observatories, this task is made even more difficult, due to the presence of atmospheric turbulence. High Contrast Imaging (HCI) instruments have been designed to meet this challenge. HCI instruments are usually composed of a coronagraph coupled with the full on-axis corrective capability of an Extreme Adaptive Optics (ExAO) system. An efficient coronagraph separates the faint planet's light from the much brighter starlight, but the dynamic boiling speckles, created by the stellar image, make exoplanet detection impossible without the help of a wavefront correction device. The Subaru Coronagraphic Extreme Adaptive Optics (SCExAO) system is a high performance HCI instrument developed at Subaru Telescope. The wavefront control system of SCExAO consists of three wavefront sensors (WFS) coupled with a 1024-actuator Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System (MEMS) deformable mirror (DM). MEMS DMs offer a large actuator density, allowing high count DMs to be deployed in small size beams. Therefore, MEMS DMs are an attractive technology for Adaptive Optics (AO) systems and are particularly well suited for HCI instruments employing ExAO technologies. SCExAO uses coherent light modulation in the focal plane introduced by the DM, for both wavefront sensing and correction. In this scheme, the DM is used to introduce known aberrations (speckles in the focal plane), which interfere with existing speckles. By monitoring the interference between the pre-existing speckles and the speckles added deliberately by the DM, it is possible to reconstruct the complex amplitude (amplitude and phase) of the focal plane speckles. Thus, the DM is used for wavefront sensing, in a scheme akin to phase diversity. For SCExAO and other HCI systems using phase diversity, the wavefront compensation is a mix of closed-loop and open-loop control of the DM. The successful implementation of MEMS DMs open-loop control relies on a thorough modelling of the DM response to the control system commands. The work presented in this thesis, motivated by the need to provide accurate DM control for the wavefront control system of SCExAO, was centred around the development of MEMS DM models. This dissertation reports the characterization of MEMS DMs and the development of two efficient modelling approaches. The open-loop performance of both approaches has been investigated. The model providing the best result has been implemented within the SCExAO wavefront control software. Within SCExAO, the model was used to command the DM to create focal plane speckles. The work is now focused on using the model within a full speckle nulling process and on increasing the execution speed to make the model suitable for on-sky operation. / Graduate

This literature review explores human mirror neurons from several angles. First it retells mirror neuron history, from the initial discovery in the macaque monkey research through to the experiments determining if there is a human brain homologue. Then the merits of two opposing evolutionary views – mirror neurons as an adaptation or an association, here referring to an adaptation’s byproduct – are discussed. Lastly the autistic mirror neuron dysfunction hypothesis – stating that a faulty mirror neuron system is at the basis of autistic behavioral patterns – is examined for its validity but ultimately found lacking and in need of further development.