Master of Science / Department of Agronomy / S.V. Krishna Jagadish / Low temperature is one of the most limiting stresses to crops that are adapted to tropical and subtropical regions, such as maize (Zea mays L.) and sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], when introduced into temperate regions. However, no studies have compared the chilling tolerance of maize and sorghum grown together. Therefore, the objective of this research was to screen maize hybrids and sorghum genotypes for chilling tolerance at the germination and seedling stages. With the hypothesis that grain composition of maize and sorghum could lead to varying chilling tolerance, the seeds were analyzed for concentrations of protein, starch, and amylose. Five commercial hybrids of maize and 18 genotypes of sorghum were maintained in growth chambers for 31 days at two temperatures: a control temperature (25/20 °C, day/night) and at chilling temperatures (11/8 °C for 14 days; 12.5/9.5 °C for 14 days, and 14/11 °C for 3 days). Emergence and seedling height were measured during the experiment. At the end of the experiment, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, and leaf area were determined. Emergence of sorghum under the chilling temperature regime was low (18%). Average height of the emerged sorghum seedlings in the cold temperatures at the end of the experiment was 1.4 cm compared to 55.5 cm in the control treatment. All maize hybrids emerged, but emergence and growth were slowed by the cold temperatures, and average height at the end of the experiment was 4.6 cm compared to 96.1 cm in the control treatment. Shoot dry weight, root dry weight, and leaf area of the sorghum under the chilling temperatures were too small to measure, and, for maize, they were greatly reduced. The results showed that, for sorghum, temperatures should be above 14 °C for emergence, while maize could emerge at lower temperatures. The analyses of the sorghum seeds showed that Redbine 60 and RTx430 had the highest protein concentrations (15.71% and 15.35%, respectively), and Segaolane had the lowest protein concentration (9.83%). Segaolane had the highest starch concentration (72.71%), and RTx430 had the lowest starch concentration (65.31%). There was an inverse relationship between protein and starch concentrations in the sorghum seeds (R2 = 0.69). Amylose concentrations did not vary significantly among the sorghum seeds. The analyses of the maize seeds showed that Dekalb 51-20 and Pioneer 1151 had the highest protein concentrations (10.98% and 10.95%, respectively), and Pioneer 1105 had the lowest protein concentration (9.26%). Starch and amylose concentrations did not vary significantly among the maize seeds.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-02-05Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:57:33Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 razera_apr_me_botfm.pdf: 848184 bytes, checksum: 13d0d4a85353b2bc99b09cde1bd57242 (MD5) / Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de São Paulo / Este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer as orientações pós-operatórias fornecidas pela equipe de enfermagem a pacientes e/ou familiares de uma instituição privada e apreender a percepção destes indivíduos acerca das orientações recebidas. Foi um estudo transversal, com abordagem qualitativa, que utilizou o referencial teórico da Comunicação Interpessoal e o referencial metodológico da Análise de Conteúdo. Foram entrevistados 16 pacientes submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos eletivos, de urgência e/ou emergência que permaneceram, no mínimo, 3 dias internados. Os resultados evidenciaram que a equipe de enfermagem se preocupa com as técnicas instrumentais da profissão em si desconsiderando o indivíduo de forma holística, ou seja, além das necessidades físicas, as emocionais e espirituais. Também foi possível perceber que, quando o profissional enfermeiro permanece afastado do paciente e/ou não presta informações adequadas gera sentimentos de ansiedade, medo, insegurança e sensação de falta de cuidado. Por outro lado, quando a equipe de enfermagem se fez presente com cuidado e informações coerentes, os clientes relataram a sensação de ser bem cuidado. As conclusões deste estudo nos permitem considerar que a competência em comunicação é uma condição para o exercício da Enfermagem com qualidade e cidadania, que a capacitação em comunicação prepara a equipe de enfermagem para serem os profissionais exigidos pelos clientes do sistema de saúde e, finalmente, que a comunicação é um alicerce importante para que a relação de cuidado se estabeleça de forma efetiva e eficaz, proporcionando a compreensão do cliente em sua complexidade, com resultados qualitativos de atenção, dignidade e respeito ao ser cuidado. / This study aims to identify the guidelines provided by the nursing team of a private institution to patients and family as well as learn with their perception of the aid received. It consists of a cross-sectional study with qualitative approach based on a theoretical reference of Interpersonal Communication and methodological reference of Content Analysis. 16 patients underwent elective surgical procedures of emergency and remained in the hospital for at least 3 days. Results showed that the nursing team is concerned about the instrumental techniques of the job disregarding the patient as a holistic individual, that is, besides their physical, emotional and spiritual needs. When the nurses stayed away from patients and did not provide appropriate guidelines which caused anxiety, fear and feeling of neglect. On the other hand, when nurses were present providing coherent care and assistance, patients reported to feel well cared. This study concluded that communicative competence is an essential condition for nurses to offer qualified assistance. Good communicative skills enable the nursing team to be the professionals required by the patients of the health system and are fundamental to provide effective care, resulting in the patients’ comprehension that are assisted with attention, dignity and respect.

Orientador: Maria Aparecida de Arruda Henry / Coorientador: Arthur Oscar Schelp / Coorientador: Roberta Gonçalves da Silva / Banca: Giedre Berretin Felix / Banca: Roberto Dantas / Resumo: A dificuldade de deglutição é um déficit comum em pacientes após Acidente Vascular Encefálico (AVE). Estudos com esta população evidenciam atraso no início da resposta faríngea e um aumento do tempo de trânsito oral, quando comparada com indivíduos normais. Verificou-se que a redução destes tempos poderia reduzir o risco de penetração e/ou aspiração laringotraqueal e, consequentemente, diminuir o risco de complicações broncopulmonares. Portanto este estudo tem por objetivo verificar o efeito do sabor azedo e da temperatura fria no tempo de trânsito oral da deglutição, no tempo de resposta faríngea e no escape oral posterior. Participaram deste estudo 52 indivíduos após Acidente Vascular Encefálico isquêmico hemisférico, tanto com lesão à direita (D) como à esquerda (E), e disfagia orofaríngea de grau leve a moderado, sendo 28 do gênero masculino e 24 do gênero feminino, de 50 a 80 anos (66 anos). Para a análise dos tempos de deglutição foi realizada a videofluoroscopia da deglutição. Cada indivíduo foi avaliado durante a deglutição de bolo na consistência pastosa, oferecido em colher, com 5 ml cada, sendo ao todo 4 estímulos diferentes (natural, gelado, azedo e azedo-gelado). Os indivíduos foram divididos em dois grupos conforme a seqüência dessa oferta: Grupo 1- estímulos oferecidos aleatoriamente (24 indivíduos), grupo 2 - estímulos oferecidos na seguinte ordem: natural, gelado, azedo e azedogelado (28 indivíduos). Após o exame, através de software específico, foram realizadas as medidas de deslocamento do bolo alimentar. Foram mensurados o tempo de trânsito oral (TTO), o tempo de trânsito oral total (TTOT), o tempo de início da resposta faríngea (IRF) e o escape posterior. Os resultados mostraram que a associação entre os estímulos azedo e gelado provocou mudanças significantes no TTOT e no TTO, no grupo de indivíduos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Dysphagia is a common deficit in patients after stroke. Comparing with normal subjects, studies in this population show both a delay in swallowing initiation and an increase in oral transit time. It is postulated that the remediation of, or reduction of these times could reduce the bronchopulmonary complications risk. Therefore, the goal of this study is to verify the effect of sour taste and cold temperature in the oral phase of swallow, swallow response time, and measure the position of the head of the bolus at the swallowing initiation (posterior oral spillage). Participated in these study 52 patients with hemisphere stroke, as with right lesion as with left lesion, with mild to moderate oropharyngeal dysphagia, being 28 males and 24 females, 50 to 80 years (median 66 years). The stroke ictus ranged from 1 to 30 days (median 6 days). All subjects were assessed by objective examination of swallowing. To measure the swallow times a videofluoroscopic exam was used. During the videofluoroscopic, 4 spoons were offered, with 5 milliliters each of thickened substance (natural, cold, sour and sour-cold). The subjects were divided in two specific groups according to the offering sequence: group 1 - random offer (24 subjects), group 2 - sequential offer: natural, cold, sour and sour-cold (28 subjects). The videofluoroscopic images were digitalized and the measurement of the time of displacement of the bolus in oral phase of swallowing was done by specific software. It was measured the oral transit time (OTT), the total oral transit time (TOTT), the swallow response time (SRT), and the posterior oral spillage. The results showed that, in subjects from group 2, the OTT as well as the TOTT of swallowing were significantly lower during swallowing of the bolus with sour-cold stimulus, than when other stimulus offered separately. Spite of the tendency of reduction in both initial swallow response... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-10-23Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:20:56Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 farinha_jtv_dr_botfca.pdf: 1265147 bytes, checksum: c22178a23947feb01985e4fb831eb20a (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Com o objetivo de quantificar os depósitos da calda de pulverização através de diferentes pontas e volumes de pulverização nos estádios V3 (3 folhas verdadeiras) e R1 (inicio da floração) de soja, foram conduzidos dois experimentos na área didática do Departamento de Produção Vegetal, pertencente à Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas UNESP- Botucatu/SP. Cada experimento constitui-se nas cultivares CD 208 e CD 216 (crescimento determinado e indeterminado respectivamente) Os tratamentos avaliados foram: pontas de jato plano (AI 110015 a 150 L ha-1, AI 11002 a 200 e 250 L ha-1); pontas de jato plano duplo (TJ 60 11002 a 150, 200 e 250 L ha -1); pontas de jato cônico (TX-6 a 150, TX-8 a 200 e TX-10 a 250 L ha-1) e pontas de jato plano duplo e baixa deriva (DGTJ 110015 a 150 e DGTJ 11002 a 200 L ha-1), estas últimas avaliadas somente no estádio de R1. O delineamento utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. As aplicações foram realizadas com um pulverizador costal pressurizado a CO2, munido de barra com quatro pontas distanciadas de 0,5 m entre si, no momento em que cada cultivar alcançou os estádios V3 e R1. Para a avaliação da deposição foi utilizado na pulverização como traçador o corante Azul Brilhante 2 FD&C-1 (500 mg.L-1). De cada repetição foram coletadas 25 plantas, às quais foram adicionadas 100 ou 200 mL de água destilada para a extração do traçador , nos estádios V3 e R1, respectivamente. A determinação dos depósitos foi realizada por espectrofotometria e a leitura de absorbância no comprimento de onda de 630 nm. Os dados foram transformados em valores de depósitos por grama de massa seca e ajustados às curvas de regressão pelo modelo de Gompertz. O cálculo da moda foi realizado para determinar os valores de depósitos de máxima freqüência. Os resultados indicaram que a deposição... / This study aimed to quantify spraying deposits in two soybean cultivars (208 CD and CD 216) at V3 stage (3 true leaves) and R1 stage (beginning of the budding) through different nozzles and volumes of spraying. For this purpose, two experiments, one with each cultivar, were conducted in the didactic area of the Agricultural Department, Agricultural College UNESP- Botucatu/SP consisting in eleven treatments: flatfan ( AI 110015 at 100 L ha-1, AI 11002 at 150 and 200 L ha-1); twin flat-fan nozzle (TJ 60 11002 at 150, 200 and 250 L ha -1); conical nozzle (TX-6 at 150, TX-8 at 200 and TX-10 at 250 L ha-1) and twin flat-fan and low drift nozzle (DGTJ 110015 at 150 and DGTJ 11002 at 200 L ha-1), these last ones only in the growth stadium of R1. The experimental design was randomized block, with four replicates. A CO2 - pressurized sprayer with a 0,5 m distance between nozzles was used. Deposition was evaluated by using 500 mg.L-1 of Brilliant Blue dye FD&C-1 in the spraying . At V3 and R1 grown stages, 25 plants were collected in each replication respectively, and by adding 100 and 200 mL of distilled water then courante was extracted. Deposited content was determined by spectrophotometry reading the absorbance at 4 630 nm wave length and data transformed into deposits per gram of dry matter. Gompertz model was used to adjust regression curves and ANOVA to determine deposits values of maximum frequency. Results indicated that deposition was superior at V3 stage for both cultivars being 2 and 3,5 superior than deposition at R1 for CD 208 and CD 216, respectively. In cultivar CD 208 at V3 stage, deposition was superior in treatments with the highest volume of 250 L.ha-1 independently the nozzle used and with the TX 8 nozzle using 200 L.ha-1 The higher variation between the unitary deposits was observed for the TJ nozzles with 150 and 200 L.ha-1 . At R1, all treatments except... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

abstract: Drosophila melanogaster, as an important model organism, is used to explore the mechanism which governs cell differentiation and embryonic development. Understanding the mechanism will help to reveal the effects of genes on other species or even human beings. Currently, digital camera techniques make high quality Drosophila gene expression imaging possible. On the other hand, due to the advances in biology, gene expression images which can reveal spatiotemporal patterns are generated in a high-throughput pace. Thus, an automated and efficient system that can analyze gene expression will become a necessary tool for investigating the gene functions, interactions and developmental processes. One investigation method is to compare the expression patterns of different developmental stages. Recently, however, the expression patterns are manually annotated with rough stage ranges. The work of annotation requires professional knowledge from experienced biologists. Hence, how to transfer the domain knowledge in biology into an automated system which can automatically annotate the patterns provides a challenging problem for computer scientists. In this thesis, the problem of stage annotation for Drosophila embryo is modeled in the machine learning framework. Three sparse learning algorithms and one ensemble algorithm are used to attack the problem. The sparse algorithms are Lasso, group Lasso and sparse group Lasso. The ensemble algorithm is based on a voting method. Besides that the proposed algorithms can annotate the patterns to stages instead of stage ranges with high accuracy; the decimal stage annotation algorithm presents a novel way to annotate the patterns to decimal stages. In addition, some analysis on the algorithm performance are made and corresponding explanations are given. Finally, with the proposed system, all the lateral view BDGP and FlyFish images are annotated and several interesting applications of decimal stage value are revealed. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Computer Science 2012

No sudeste e sul do Brasil, os peixes da família Sciaenidae estão entre os peixes mais pescados sobre a plataforma continental interna. O conhecimento da ocorrência tanto espacial quanto temporal dos indivíduos na fase de transformação, que se estabelecem no local onde se desenvolverão, torna-se informação fundamental para o entendimento do ciclo de vida das espécies e, por extensão, para ações de preservação e de manejo de recurso. Porém, descrições das espécies de Sciaenidae na fase de transformação são escassas, impedindo a identificação desses peixes. Neste trabalho são estudadas 22 espécies das 28 de Sciaenidae do sudeste e sul do Brasil no estágio de desenvolvimento de transformação com base em material acumulado nas instituições que mantém coleções de peixe. Séries de crescimento de 16 dessas espécies foram morfologicamente descritas e ilustradas, bem como elaborada uma chave de identificação das espécies que ocorrem na área. A ocorrência espacial e temporal das amostras foram mapeadas, sendo estimada a época de nascimento e confrontada com a literatura sobre crescimento e reprodução. Foi observado que a maioria das espécies se restringe a estuários e baías, em águas rasas, havendo indícios de predomínio da época de nascimento (e portanto, de desova) no verão. / In the southeast and south of Brazil, the Sciaenidae are among the most caught fishes on the shallow waters of the continental shelf. Spacial and temporal occurrence knowledge of individuals at the transformation stage is a fundamental information for understanding the life cycle of the species and, by extension, for preservation and management action. Morphological descriptions of Sciaenidae fishes at that developmental stage are scarce, preventing their taxonomic identification. In this work 22 species from the 28 of Sciaenidae in the southeast and south of Brazil are studied on the transformation stage based on material from the institutions that maintain collections of fish. Series of growth of 16 of these species were morphologically described and illustrated, as well as draft a key to identify the species that occur in the area. The spacial and temporal distribution of the samples were mapped, being estimated the time of birth and faced with the literature on growth and reproduction. It was observed that most species are strict to shallow waters of estuaries and bays, with evidence of the predominance of the time of birth (and therefore spawning) in the summer.

Background: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a chronic medical condition where 90% or more of the kidneys are nonfunctional (Doig & Huether, 2014). The current treatment for ESRD is Hemodialysis [HD] (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease [NIDDK], 2013). Individuals who have ESRD who undergo HD suffer from tremendous symptom and treatment burden that affects various facets of life (Axelsson, Klang, Hagelin, Jacobson, & Gleissman, 2014; Axelsson et al., 2012; Tamura & Cohen, 2010). Unfortunately, the symptom and treatment burden associated with ESRD are underrecognized and undertreated (Feely et al., 2016; Gelfman & Meyer, 2012; Murtagh, Addington-Hall, & Higginson, 2007; Russon & Mooney, 2010; Tamura & Meier, 2013). Purpose: The purpose of this quality improvement project is to explore if ESRD patients in Davita Desert Dialysis are knowledgeable about palliative care and if providing education might change their behavior. The primary aim is to create awareness in patients about PC services in an effort to improve their quality of care through education. Design: A quantitative pre- and post survey approach using qualtrics software was utilized to assess the baseline and post-education knowledge of patients who met the inclusion criteria. Setting: DaVita Desert Dialysis, Sun City, AZ. Intervention: The educational intervention is the viewing of a three-minute voice over presentation about palliative care. Limitations: The sample size was small and exposes this study to marked bias and non-generalizability due to the limited number of recruited individuals. Results: One hundred percent of the individuals in the posttest had better awareness about and knowledge about PC. Conclusion: PC can improve the quality of life of patients that suffer from the undertreated and underrecognized symptom and treatment burden (Tamura & Meier, 2013). Further data and studies will be needed to establish PC in the field of nephrology as it relates to the ESRD population undergoing HD. However, the quality improvement focus of increasing PC awareness among ESRD patients undergoing HD has shown great promise as all participants had increased awareness, knowledge availability, and readiness for PC services.

No description available.

[pt] Este trabalho apresenta um método numérico para solução de escoamentos bidimensionais de fluidos incompressíveis e imiscíveis com presença de interfaces. As equações de conservação são discretizadas através do método de volumes finitos. A modelagem de interface se baseia no método VOF, em que a quantidade relativa de um dos fluidos em cada volume de volume de controle é descrita por uma variável, aqui denominada saturação. Conhecida a distribuição desta variável, é possível a reconstrução da interface quando necessário. A principal particularidade do presente trabalho é que a reconstrução da interface leva em conta seu ângulo de inclinação dentro de cada volume de controle. Isto permite que a advecção da interface se realize com maior precisão do que normalmente se encontra nos trabalhos desenvolvidos a partir do método VOF. Este ângulo de inclinação é obtido partir das saturações da célula analisada e das duas células vizinhas também cortadas pela interface. A determinação da curvatura da interface, importante para o cálculo da pressão capilar, também é facilitada a partir do presente esquema. Domínios axisimétricos, onde os volumes de controle apresentam geometrias mais complexas, também são bem resolvidos, utilizando-se um tratamento especial para os volumes de controle junto ao eixo. Prevê-se ainda a especificação do ângulo de contato da interface com uma parede sólida. Foram testados com sucesso vários problemas, apresentando bons resultados e garantindo a validação do método. / [en] The present work presents a numerical method for the solution of two-dimensional flows of incompressible and immicible fluids in the presence of na interface. The conservation equations are discretized by the finite volume method. The interface modeling is based on the VOF method, in which the relative amount of the fluids in each control volume is described by a variable, denominated here as saturation. Once the distribution of this quantity is known, it is possible to construct the interface, when needed. The main contribution of this work is related to the reconstruction of the interface. For that purpose, it is taken into account the interface angle of inclination inside the control volume. This allows a more precise interface advection that it is usually found with the algorithms based on the VOF method. The interface angle inside a cell is obtained based on its saturation ando n the saturationof two adjacentcells crossed by the interface. By the presents scheme, the interface curvature needed to calculate the capillary pressure can then be easily obtained. Axi-symmetric domains were also considered. For these cases, an special treatment near the axis was necessary. Finally, the algorithm allows the specification of the interface contact angle with a solid surface. Several test problems were examined, presenting good results, validating the method.

Climate change is a global problem that is at least partially caused by human induced greenhouse gas emissions. Various initiatives were developed in the 1990’s to incentivise greenhouse gas emission reductions below legal limits. One of these systems is the Kyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). In these incentive schemes parties can sell (the Seller) their greenhouse gas emission reductions to other parties (the Buyer) who need to offset their emissions. Emission reduction incentivised projects have technical aspects, financial aspects and regulatory requirements. The complexity of emission reduction schemes are further increased due to the levels of scrutiny and diverse sources of scrutiny that a project undergoes. As a developing country South Africa (SA) has a lot to gain by the successful implementation of CDM projects. Unfortunately very few successful CDM projects exist in South Africa. It was then the aim of this research to explore why there are so few projects and what are the current CDM project management approaches followed for CDM projects in SA? During the investigation aspects of the project management landscape of SA CDM projects were structured by means of a stage/phase and gate approach. This was done to aid in addressing the specific requirements of CDM projects and to combine this with the limited real world experience of successful CDM projects in SA. A stage/phase-gate model was developed because of the model’s ability to manage risk per stage/phase and overall risks, as well as the ability of these models to assist in portfolio management. Various research methods were used to develop the final proposed stage/phase and gate project management model (Model β). These methods included over and above literature reviews: <ul><li> Two rounds of questionnaires to develop the model; </li><li> Interviews with individual experts through identified cases to validate the first version of the model; and </li><li> Interaction with the South African Clean Development Industry Association to validate the second version of the model. </li></ul> Model β should not be seen as a stationary model. The model should rather be adapted by each emission reduction project developer to suit the developer’s company specific requirements. Furthermore the evolving regulatory environment of emission reduction systems will lead to the continued adapting and updating of Model β. The model could then be useful for: <ul><li> Project developers to plan and execute their projects; and </li><li> Buyers or Investors in projects as to quickly ascertain current project status and progression. </li></ul> It is envisaged that applying Model β, or a derivative, will: <ul><li> Manage risk due to increased project management through a stage/phase and gate approach; </li><li> Decrease project development time and ensure all required outputs are achieved quicker; and </li><li> Due to decreasing development time, costs could be managed better. </li></ul> / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Graduate School of Technology Management (GSTM) / unrestricted