"Having being fixed on paper or retained in the memory music exists already, prior to its actual performance differing in that respect from all the other arts. The musical entity thus presents the remarkable singularity of existing successively and distinctly in two forms separated from each other by the hiatus of silence. This peculiar nature of music determines its very life as well as it's repercussions in the social world for it presupposes two kinds of musicians: the creator and the performer." Igor Stravinsky This thesis is an investigation of how architecture becomes the threshold manifesting that hiatus of silence; preparing the spectator; preparing, reinforcing and introducing the spectacle, only to be completed by the final act, that of the performer. It is that in between through which one passes in anticipation and preparation. The form in which the creative phenomenon exists then becomes the prologue of the performance. / Master of Architecture

A arquitetura desempenha papel fundamental na história do cinema, participando ativamente no percurso que torna essa inovação tecnológica no entretenimento mais consumido do século XX no mundo ocidental. Diante disso, este trabalho propõe-se a compor um estudo sobre as transformações da tipologia arquitetônica das edificações destinadas à exibição cinematográfica do Rio Grande do Sul e de Santa Maria, analisando-as dentro do contexto histórico e disciplinar mundial, de modo a vincular e identificar a filiação da história e realidade locais com a história e o movimento globais da cultura e da arquitetura. A revisão se estrutura a partir de uma abordagem do cinema sucessivamente como técnica, espetáculo e indústria, e como arquitetura, definindo uma das tipologias mais representativas do século XX. Como arquitetura, cada tipo é documentado e ilustrado em suas referências, precedentes e exemplares relevantes, com enfoque na análise arquitetônica dos edifícios locais, especialmente de Porto Alegre e da cidade de Santa Maria. Após as análises, é apresentado um conjunto de características identificadas como definidoras do tipo tratado, reunindo material analítico objetivo a respeito de cada período arquitetônico. Como encerramento, uma avaliação da situação atual dos edifícios de cinemas permite esboçar algumas perspectivas sobre o seu futuro. Para encerrar o ciclo das transformações arquitetônicas a que esses edifícios foram submetidos até o momento, foi desenvolvida uma complementação histórica a respeito da ocupação dos edifícios de cinema de Santa Maria após o encerramento de suas atividades, fortalecendo o enfoque de preservação da memória cultural local a que se propôs a dissertação. / Architecture has been a key factor in the history of cinema, playing a major role in this technology becoming the western world’s most consumed form of entertainment in the 20th century. Therefore, this paper will examine the transformation of architectural typology of buildings designed for the exhibition of cinema within Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Maria. Further, it will analyse them in a worldwide historic and disciplinary context, in such a way as to identify the local history, with reference to global history as well as the evolution of culture and architecture. The paperbegins by sequentially defining cinema as a technique, spectacle, industry, and, as architecture, defining one of the most representative typologies of the 20th century. As architecture, each type is documented and shown in its references, precedents and meaningful examples, focusing on the architectural analysis of local buildings, particularity in the cities of Porto Alegre and Santa Maria. Following these analyses, identifiable characteristics for each of the selected types are presented, gathering objective analytical material about each architectonic period. As closure, an appraisal of current movie theater buildings allows for the outliningof possibilities their future situation. To complete the architectonic transformation cycle until now, a historic supplement was developed regarding the use of the Santa Maria movie theater buildings beyond the conclusion of their exhibition activities, focusing on the preservation of historical local culture, for which this dissertation was proposed.

A arquitetura desempenha papel fundamental na história do cinema, participando ativamente no percurso que torna essa inovação tecnológica no entretenimento mais consumido do século XX no mundo ocidental. Diante disso, este trabalho propõe-se a compor um estudo sobre as transformações da tipologia arquitetônica das edificações destinadas à exibição cinematográfica do Rio Grande do Sul e de Santa Maria, analisando-as dentro do contexto histórico e disciplinar mundial, de modo a vincular e identificar a filiação da história e realidade locais com a história e o movimento globais da cultura e da arquitetura. A revisão se estrutura a partir de uma abordagem do cinema sucessivamente como técnica, espetáculo e indústria, e como arquitetura, definindo uma das tipologias mais representativas do século XX. Como arquitetura, cada tipo é documentado e ilustrado em suas referências, precedentes e exemplares relevantes, com enfoque na análise arquitetônica dos edifícios locais, especialmente de Porto Alegre e da cidade de Santa Maria. Após as análises, é apresentado um conjunto de características identificadas como definidoras do tipo tratado, reunindo material analítico objetivo a respeito de cada período arquitetônico. Como encerramento, uma avaliação da situação atual dos edifícios de cinemas permite esboçar algumas perspectivas sobre o seu futuro. Para encerrar o ciclo das transformações arquitetônicas a que esses edifícios foram submetidos até o momento, foi desenvolvida uma complementação histórica a respeito da ocupação dos edifícios de cinema de Santa Maria após o encerramento de suas atividades, fortalecendo o enfoque de preservação da memória cultural local a que se propôs a dissertação. / Architecture has been a key factor in the history of cinema, playing a major role in this technology becoming the western world’s most consumed form of entertainment in the 20th century. Therefore, this paper will examine the transformation of architectural typology of buildings designed for the exhibition of cinema within Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Maria. Further, it will analyse them in a worldwide historic and disciplinary context, in such a way as to identify the local history, with reference to global history as well as the evolution of culture and architecture. The paperbegins by sequentially defining cinema as a technique, spectacle, industry, and, as architecture, defining one of the most representative typologies of the 20th century. As architecture, each type is documented and shown in its references, precedents and meaningful examples, focusing on the architectural analysis of local buildings, particularity in the cities of Porto Alegre and Santa Maria. Following these analyses, identifiable characteristics for each of the selected types are presented, gathering objective analytical material about each architectonic period. As closure, an appraisal of current movie theater buildings allows for the outliningof possibilities their future situation. To complete the architectonic transformation cycle until now, a historic supplement was developed regarding the use of the Santa Maria movie theater buildings beyond the conclusion of their exhibition activities, focusing on the preservation of historical local culture, for which this dissertation was proposed.

A arquitetura desempenha papel fundamental na história do cinema, participando ativamente no percurso que torna essa inovação tecnológica no entretenimento mais consumido do século XX no mundo ocidental. Diante disso, este trabalho propõe-se a compor um estudo sobre as transformações da tipologia arquitetônica das edificações destinadas à exibição cinematográfica do Rio Grande do Sul e de Santa Maria, analisando-as dentro do contexto histórico e disciplinar mundial, de modo a vincular e identificar a filiação da história e realidade locais com a história e o movimento globais da cultura e da arquitetura. A revisão se estrutura a partir de uma abordagem do cinema sucessivamente como técnica, espetáculo e indústria, e como arquitetura, definindo uma das tipologias mais representativas do século XX. Como arquitetura, cada tipo é documentado e ilustrado em suas referências, precedentes e exemplares relevantes, com enfoque na análise arquitetônica dos edifícios locais, especialmente de Porto Alegre e da cidade de Santa Maria. Após as análises, é apresentado um conjunto de características identificadas como definidoras do tipo tratado, reunindo material analítico objetivo a respeito de cada período arquitetônico. Como encerramento, uma avaliação da situação atual dos edifícios de cinemas permite esboçar algumas perspectivas sobre o seu futuro. Para encerrar o ciclo das transformações arquitetônicas a que esses edifícios foram submetidos até o momento, foi desenvolvida uma complementação histórica a respeito da ocupação dos edifícios de cinema de Santa Maria após o encerramento de suas atividades, fortalecendo o enfoque de preservação da memória cultural local a que se propôs a dissertação. / Architecture has been a key factor in the history of cinema, playing a major role in this technology becoming the western world’s most consumed form of entertainment in the 20th century. Therefore, this paper will examine the transformation of architectural typology of buildings designed for the exhibition of cinema within Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Maria. Further, it will analyse them in a worldwide historic and disciplinary context, in such a way as to identify the local history, with reference to global history as well as the evolution of culture and architecture. The paperbegins by sequentially defining cinema as a technique, spectacle, industry, and, as architecture, defining one of the most representative typologies of the 20th century. As architecture, each type is documented and shown in its references, precedents and meaningful examples, focusing on the architectural analysis of local buildings, particularity in the cities of Porto Alegre and Santa Maria. Following these analyses, identifiable characteristics for each of the selected types are presented, gathering objective analytical material about each architectonic period. As closure, an appraisal of current movie theater buildings allows for the outliningof possibilities their future situation. To complete the architectonic transformation cycle until now, a historic supplement was developed regarding the use of the Santa Maria movie theater buildings beyond the conclusion of their exhibition activities, focusing on the preservation of historical local culture, for which this dissertation was proposed.

Orientador: Stelamaris Rolla Bertoli / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T06:13:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maiorino_AlexandreVirginelli_M.pdf: 20810001 bytes, checksum: 874af06d3cad4ebebbbda0ac07b75cd5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: A construção de Teatros para Múltiplo uso tem se tornado cada vez mais comum devido à necessidade de abrigar diversos tipos de espetáculos em um único espaço. Para adequar à acústica destes espaços para a música orquestral é necessário o uso de elementos que possibilitem a variação acústica do espaço como é o caso de conchas de orquestra. O principal objetivo das conchas de orquestra é melhorar a acústica no palco para os músicos e para o maestro, melhorando a sensação de conjunto e fazendo com que os músicos ouçam melhor seus instrumentos e o grupo em geral. Entretanto, a concha de orquestra pode também melhorar o desempenho acústico da área da platéia. A hipótese deste trabalho foi o de analisar a diferença do desempenho acústico percebido na área da platéia devido à inclusão de uma concha de orquestra no palco de um teatro de múltiplo uso. Medições acústicas foram realizadas em cinco diferentes tipos de montagem da concha de orquestra no palco. As medições foram feitas de acordo com a norma ISO 3382-1 (2009). Os parâmetros acústicos medidos foram o Tempo de Reverberação, Tempo Inicial de Decaimento e Índice de Clareza. Os resultados mostraram que a concha de orquestra pode de fato mudar o desempenho acústico na área da platéia, modificando a percepção acústica subjetiva do ambiente / Abstract: The construction of multiple use theatres is becoming more common due to the need to accommodate different kinds of performances at the same space. In order to acoustically adequate this space to concert music, the inclusion of an orchestra shell becomes necessary. The main objective of an orchestra shell is to improve the acoustic quality on stage, both for musicians and for the conductor. The goal is to improve balance of the group allowing musicians to hear themselves and the orchestra better. However, the orchestra shell can also improve the acoustic quality for the audience. The objective of this study was to analyze the difference of the acoustic performance perceived at the audience area with the inclusion of a lightweight orchestra shell with diffuse surface in a proscenium theatre. Acoustic measurements were done in five different assembles of the orchestra shell. Measurements were done using the impulse response technique according to ISO3382-1 (2009). Measured parameters were Reverberation Time, Early Decay Time and Clarity index. Results showed that the orchestra shell can in fact modify the acoustic performance at audience area, changing the subjective acoustic perception of the space / Mestrado / Arquitetura e Construção / Mestre em Engenharia Civil

The master thesis deals with life and work of Ivo Klimeš (*1932), significant Czech architect from Ostrava. The aim of the thesis is to introduce creative work of Ivo Klimeš in the field of theater architecture since the first projects to its mature formation in the sixties and the seventies of the twentieth century, including unrealized designs, while taking to account the circumstances of his era. Ivo Klimeš was the one of the few architects who escaped the routine work within the Planning Institute and so he was able to design extraordinary buildings. As the most significant project is considered the Municipal Theater in Most, which in architectural expression applies brutalism and structuralism tendencies and is to be belonged to the most important cultural buildings of the second half of the twentieth century in the Czech Republic. Correspondingly, it is also a unique building of Jiří Myron Theatre in Ostrava, which was strongly influenced by Scandinavian architecture of Alvar Aalto. Ivo Klimes through his projects responded to the needs of the contemporary scenographic practice and from the beginning stressed the importance of innovation in creating theater spaces. Key concepts to him became the variability and the work with a stage space.

This project is a school for dance located in the Northwest of Washington, D.C. It functions mainly as a professional educational center for dance, but also offers classes to the community at night and on weekends. The school will accommodate up to 250 professional students and as many from the community. The community classes help support the school as well as provide students with the opportunity to obtain teaching experience. Opera, previously the main draw for musical performances, has, in recent years, become increasingly expensive to produce. As a result it has become unavailable to many. This has resulted in a rise in the popularity of dance. The decision to design a school for dance was inspired partially by my love for dance and partially by the increased need for such a school. A pinwheel circulation was chosen as an indication of perpetual movement and the school evolved around this idea. Honest, but modest materials were used as is befitting a public school with limited financial resources. The tactile qualities of the materials are important. Materials are rough and informal, as are the students in the initial execution of their art; moving towards refinement and, subsequently, moving on. The accumulation of many small individual units all working together to make a whole is similar to the relationship of the students to the school. Brick is too formal for this school and for this site, so block was chosen. The building takes advantage of every opportunity to interact with the site by providing natural gardens and outdoor places to dance. The paths formed by each leg of the pinwheel are interwoven with the site so that each path is part site, part building. It is important to provide students with informal meeting places in order to increase the possibility of contact with others. This is an important aspect of any school, therefore every opportunity was taken to provide them where possible. The intent was to provide a well composed, well choreographed space that was rich in its sensory offerings and amenable to the study of dance. / Master of Architecture