This thesis in creative writing comprises two sections. The first is an essay on the theatre of the absurd. The introduction sets the genre in its historical context and briefly describes its aesthetic qualities. Four plays by reputed "absurd" playwrights are studied in the body of the essay: La cantatrice chauve (The Bald Soprano) by Eugene Ionesco, Fin de partie (Endgame) by Samuel Beckett, Le balcon (The Balcony) by Jean Genet, and Les voisins (not translated) by Claude Meunier and Louis Saia. The conclusion examines the difference between dramatic and comic plays found within the theatre of the absurd. It also touches on the legacy of the theatre of the absurd. / The second section of the thesis is a play in one act entitled Resolutions. It respects the principal characteristics of the theatre of the absurd which are described and analysed in the first section.

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Thesis (M.F.A.)--West Virginia University, 2005. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 99 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 96-99).

Thesis (M.A.)--State University of New York at New Paltz, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 129-135). Online version available via the SUNY New Paltz Sojourner Truth Library : http://hdl.handle.net/1951/37396.

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Thesis--Lund. / "Traduit par Richard Korn et J.C. Birau." Includes bibliographical references (p. 185-193) and index.

In 1961 Martin Esslin created the term 'Theatre of the Absurd' as a working hypothesis, a device with which to make fundamental traits present in the plays of a number of France-based dramatists accessible to discussion by tracing the features they had in common. Despite the popularity of Esslin's study, there has been no comparable discussion of England-based absurdism. An explanation for this lack of critical attention may be found in the dogged insistence amongst scholars that there are only two absurd playwrights in the English theatre before 1967. My first aim in this thesis is to redress the imbalance in critical literature, to demonstrate that there existed in England, in the late 1950s and early 1960s, an indigenous expression of absurdism far broader and significantly more complex than that which has been recognised by theatrical reviewers during the past thirty years. Having identified an indigenous absurdism, I go on to challenge the generalisations and over-simplifications surrounding the English 'absurd', which are a product of its critical marginalisation and neglect. I discuss the complexities of the evolution of the English 'absurd', and the ramifications of its development, paying due regard to the theatrical, historical and social factors which shaped its early growth. The playwrights who represent the genre are examined in tum, and attention is devoted to the details of the development of an absurd dynamic within their works. The study falls into three parts. Part I attempts to explain why the English 'absurd' had such a limited impact within its own country up until the late 1960s. It is revealed that many of the writers of the English 'absurd' were incapable of divorcing their plays from the social-orientated drama which dominated English theatre in the late 1950s. The cross-fertilization of an overtly social theatre and absurdism resulted in an expression of the genre which was modified and, to an extent, compromised by its adherence to external, political realities. The focus shifts, in the second part, to accommodate those neglected writers of the English 'absurd' who managed to avoid such compromises and who created a more abstract theatre, the aesthetic and epistemological intentions of which resemble those of the French absurd. Part III explains why, despite the relative obscurity of the English 'absurd', a fragmented absurdism managed to be absorbed into the permanent vocabulary of dramatic expression in England in the 1960s. This final section examines the works of a number of non-absurd writers who took on isolated absurd devices as part of an experiment with the parameters of drama, thereby bringing those techniques into mainstream theatre.

Les années cinquante ont vu l'apparition d'un «théâtre d'avant-garde» en France, sous la plume d'auteurs tels que Samuel Beckett, Eugene Ionesco, Jean Genet et Arthur Adamov. Au Québec, le même phénomène s'est produit, mais l'étiquette officielle de «théâtre de l'absurde québécois» n'a pas encore été prêtée à un corpus défini de pièces de théâtre. Cette étude, dans un premier temps, effectue un repérage des caractéristiques intrinsèques aux oeuvres du théâtre de l'absurde français, plus précisément celles des quatre auteurs mentionnes ci-dessus, a l'aide d'ouvrages théoriques reconnus (notamment The Theatre of the Absurd de Martin Esslin, Histoire du «nouveau théâtre» de Geneviève Serreau, Le Théâtre du nouveau langage de Gilbert Tarrab et Le théâtre de dérision d'Emmanuel Jacquart). Les chapitres subséquents sont consacrés a 1'analyse des oeuvres dramatiques québécoises Les Insolites de Jacques Languirand et La répétition de Dominic Champagne, afin de vérifier l'occurence des mêmes traits, particuliers au théâtre de dérision, et de montrer l'existence réelle de ce type de théâtre au Québec.

Submitted by Glauber Assunção Moreira (glauber.a.moreira@gmail.com) on 2018-08-27T20:01:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertação em PDF.pdf: 5429702 bytes, checksum: efcf64e84167396b79eb8ea327b05653 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marly Santos (marly@ufba.br) on 2018-08-27T21:48:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertação em PDF.pdf: 5429702 bytes, checksum: efcf64e84167396b79eb8ea327b05653 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T21:48:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertação em PDF.pdf: 5429702 bytes, checksum: efcf64e84167396b79eb8ea327b05653 (MD5) / Esta dissertação tem a intenção de investigar, analisar e registrar o processo de encenação dos espetáculos de Clown, GODÔ, TRATTORIA e JOGUETE, criados a partir de textos dramatúrgicos do teatro do absurdo, a fim de suscitar uma reflexão sobre os procedimentos adotados na montagem dos mesmos. O processo de encenação é construído através das interrelações e da união entre as teorias e as técnicas de Dario Fo, Lecoq e Burnier; através dos métodos de Stanislavski e de Viola Spolin, de textos do teatro do absurdo, contendo, ainda, a influência do cinema mudo, desenho animado e circo. Através do aprendizado com os mestres Nair D’Agostini, Inês Marocco, Thomas Leabhart, Kai Berthold e Ana Elvira Wuo, os processos de encenação ganharam “corpo” na intertextualidade formadora da escritura cênica das montagens de GODÔ; TRATTORIA e JOGUETE, espetáculos criados a partir de uma dramaturgia escrita (“Esperando Godot” de Samuel Beckett, “O Montacarga” de Harold Pinter e “Fim de Jogo” de Samuel Beckett – na ordem respectiva), utilizada como impulso para um vôo criativo tanto do encenador, quanto do ator. / Cette dissertation se veut étudier, analyser et enregistrer le processus de mise en scène des spectacles de clown - GODÔ, TRATTORIA et JOGUETE - qui furent créés à partir de textes dramaturgiques du théâtre de l´absurde, l’objectif étant de susciter une réflexion sur les formes adoptées lors du montage de ces derniers. La mise en scène est construite selon des relations qui peuvent faire parler les théories et les techniques de Dario Fo, Lecoq e Burnier ainsi que les méthodes de Stanislavski et de Viola Spolin. On se souviendra que le théâtre de l’absurde fait référence au cinéma muet, aux dessins animés et au cirque. D’enseignements de maîtres comme Nair D’Agostini, Inês Marocco, Thomas Leabhart, Kai Berthold e Ana Elvira Wuo, la mise en scène gagne « corps » lors de l`écriture scénique des montages de GODÔ; TRATTORIA e JOGUETE, spectacles créés à partir de dramaturgies tels que : « En Attendant Godot » et “Fin de Partie” de Samuel Beckett, et “Le Monte Plats” de Harold Pinter. Ceux-ci donnant l’élan d’un vol créatif pour le metteur en scène que pour l’acteur.

Orientador: Alcides Cardoso dos Santos / Banca: Iná Camargo Costa / Banca: Maria Clara Bonetti Paro / Resumo: A obra de arte dramática, diferentemente de outras formas artístico-literárias, é a que de forma mais prática e imediata estabelece uma relação entre seu realizador e o público ao qual ela é destinada. Contudo, o drama moderno, produzido a partir do final do século XIX, passou por uma série de crises e adaptações quanto à forma e ao conteúdo, decorrentes de várias mudanças ocorridas nos mais diversos setores da sociedade. Edward Albee é um dos maiores dramaturgos norte-americanos da segunda metade do séc. XX. Seguindo uma tradição que produziria grandes talentos como Eugene O'Neill, Tennessee Williams e Arthur Miller, o novo autor surge em 1958 com seu texto, The Zoo Story, associado ao Teatro do Absurdo. A peça de forma minimalista põe em cena dois bancos de praça e duas personagens: Peter que é a própria personificação do self made man, já que está enjaulado aos ideais e aos valores burgueses de vida, e Jerry o outsider ou o transeunte permanente que não se insere nos padrões, no código moral e de valores socialmente estabelecidos. Entretanto, ou por isso mesmo, possui uma capacidade reflexiva extremamente aguçada. O objetivo é tratar de um aspecto da peça - a questão da absurvidade e da liberdade, como formas de transcender a angústia existencial e a vida sem significado em um contexto destituído de símbolos metafísicos. Analisar-se-ão os elementos relacionados a estes tópicos bem como o modo que servem de instrumento para o esvaziamento da ideologia burguesa, que culmina na crítica ácida que Edward Albee desfere ao American way of life. / Abstract: Dramatic art, differently from other literacy-artistic forms, is the one that most practically and immediately establishes a relationship between its producer and the audience it is created for. However, modern drama, produced since the end of nineteenth century, has gone through many crises and adaptations in its form and content, originated from many changes occured in the various instances of society. Edward Albee is one of the major American playwrights of the second half of the twentieth century. Following a tradition which produced gifted authors such as Eugene O'Neill, Tennessee Williams and Arthur Miller, the new author appears with his play The Zoo Story in 1958, associated to the Theater of the Absurd. The play, in a minimalist way, stages two park benches and two characters: Peter, the personification of the self made man, encaged in the bourgeois ideals and values of life; and Jerry, the outsider or the permanent transient who does not fill in the patterns, in the moral code or the established social values. However, or because of this, he has a sharpened reflexive ability. The aim of our search is to treat one aspect of the play - absurdity and freedom - a means of transceding existential anguish and life without meaning in a context deprived of metaphysical symbols. We intend to analyze elements related to these topics, as well as the way they function as instruments for the emptying bourgeois ideology which, ends up the sour criticism Albee aims at the American way of life. / Mestre