A orientação deste estudo se dá na perspectiva de investigar, definir e especificar dentro do \"sistema\" de K. Stanislávski o método de análise ativa e o das ações físicas juntamente com os seus elementos constitutivos a partir das suas fontes primárias, teóricas e práticas, e do seu desenvolvimento por renomados diretores russos, que escreveram e aplicaram o método em suas criações. Obedecendo à coerência dos princípios metodológicos do \"sistema\", esse trabalho contém uma parte teórica e outra prática. Na teórica, procuramos esclarecer em que consiste o método; especificar o processo de conhecimento da vida da obra, a criação do romance da vida das personagens por parte do diretor; os elementos necessários para a leitura da obra através da ação; o método de análise ativa e seus elementos estruturais; os elementos do \"sistema\" para o ator criativo, acompanhado da tradução de estenogramas das aulas-ensaios de K. Stanislávski sobre seus últimos experimentos relativos ao método das ações físicas. A aplicação do método se deu sobre a obra \"A Dócil\", de Dostoiévski. Nela, primeiramente, foi realizada uma análise na busca de conhecê-la. Em seguida foi feita a transposição do texto literário para o texto teatral, o que resultou na adaptação e análise da ação da mesma, que se constitui no sistema do espetáculo, o qual interliga o projeto artístico do autor com o do diretor e se concretiza pela ação cênica do ator. / The present study intends to investigate, define and specify the following methods, which are part of K. Stanislavski\' System: the Active Analysis and the Physical Actions with its elements. It is taken from the practical and theoretical primaries sources and also from its development through renowned Russian directors that have written and applied the method in their creations. Obeying the coherence of the methodological principles of the \"system\", this work has a theoretical and a practical part. In the theoretical one, we look for clarifying in what the method consists; specifying the process of knowing the text\'s life through the director\'s hands. We also search for the necessary elements to read the text through the action; the method of active analysis and its structural elements; the elements of the \"system\" to the creative actor, followed by the translation of the notes from the rehearsal-classes of K. Stanislavski, about his last experiments related to the method of Physical Actions. The method was applied in the text: \"A Dócil\", of Dostoiévski. First of all, this text was analyzed with the purpose of being deeper understood. After that, a transposition from the literary to theatrical text was done and we had as a result the adaptation of the text and its action\'s analysis. This adaptation constitutes itself the own system and is responsible for connecting the artistic project of the author with one of the director and that is materialized through the scenic action of the actor.

A orientação deste estudo se dá na perspectiva de investigar, definir e especificar dentro do \"sistema\" de K. Stanislávski o método de análise ativa e o das ações físicas juntamente com os seus elementos constitutivos a partir das suas fontes primárias, teóricas e práticas, e do seu desenvolvimento por renomados diretores russos, que escreveram e aplicaram o método em suas criações. Obedecendo à coerência dos princípios metodológicos do \"sistema\", esse trabalho contém uma parte teórica e outra prática. Na teórica, procuramos esclarecer em que consiste o método; especificar o processo de conhecimento da vida da obra, a criação do romance da vida das personagens por parte do diretor; os elementos necessários para a leitura da obra através da ação; o método de análise ativa e seus elementos estruturais; os elementos do \"sistema\" para o ator criativo, acompanhado da tradução de estenogramas das aulas-ensaios de K. Stanislávski sobre seus últimos experimentos relativos ao método das ações físicas. A aplicação do método se deu sobre a obra \"A Dócil\", de Dostoiévski. Nela, primeiramente, foi realizada uma análise na busca de conhecê-la. Em seguida foi feita a transposição do texto literário para o texto teatral, o que resultou na adaptação e análise da ação da mesma, que se constitui no sistema do espetáculo, o qual interliga o projeto artístico do autor com o do diretor e se concretiza pela ação cênica do ator. / The present study intends to investigate, define and specify the following methods, which are part of K. Stanislavski\' System: the Active Analysis and the Physical Actions with its elements. It is taken from the practical and theoretical primaries sources and also from its development through renowned Russian directors that have written and applied the method in their creations. Obeying the coherence of the methodological principles of the \"system\", this work has a theoretical and a practical part. In the theoretical one, we look for clarifying in what the method consists; specifying the process of knowing the text\'s life through the director\'s hands. We also search for the necessary elements to read the text through the action; the method of active analysis and its structural elements; the elements of the \"system\" to the creative actor, followed by the translation of the notes from the rehearsal-classes of K. Stanislavski, about his last experiments related to the method of Physical Actions. The method was applied in the text: \"A Dócil\", of Dostoiévski. First of all, this text was analyzed with the purpose of being deeper understood. After that, a transposition from the literary to theatrical text was done and we had as a result the adaptation of the text and its action\'s analysis. This adaptation constitutes itself the own system and is responsible for connecting the artistic project of the author with one of the director and that is materialized through the scenic action of the actor.

Ce travail étudie les liens qui relient la critique dramatique à une forme d’engagement politique dont certaines revues généralistes ont été porteuses du milieu des années 1960 au début des années 1980, à partir d’un corpus d’articles parus dans Les Temps modernes, Esprit et La Quinzaine Littéraire, dont la plupart sont respectivement signés par Renée Saurel, Alfred Simon et Gilles Sandier. La politisation de cette critique se manifeste dans laconception qu’elle professe du rôle du théâtre dans la société, dans les critères qu’elle applique à l’analyse des spectacles, dans sa participation aux débats des milieux artistiques et intellectuels, mais aussi dans l’acte même de l’écriture. La critique théâtrale pratiquée dans ces revues tend à se distinguer à la fois de la chronique journalistique et ducommentaire savant. Si sa périodicité lui permet de suivre l’actualité de la scène française (et surtout celle du théâtre public parisien), elle entend rompre avec le modèle traditionnel du compte-Rendu journalistique effectué sur un mode impressioniste. Elle tente d’expliciter ses critères de jugement en les rapportant aux problèmes théoriques soulevés par le marxisme, le brechtisme ou encore le structuralisme. Pour ce faire, elle s’ouvre à de nouveaux domaines de controverse comme celui des politiques culturelles. Bien qu’elle reconnaisse un certain degré d’autonomie aux questions esthétiques, elle considère l’écriture et la mise en scène au prisme de l’efficacité politique, en vue de promouvoir un théâtre véritablement populaire. Support matériel et instance symbolique, la revue constitue un lieu propice pour une critique alliant la revendication politique à l’exigence de savoir. / This research project aims to analyse the links between drama critique and political commitment, manifest in a number of reviews from the mid-1960s to the early 1980s. This investigation focuses on a corpus of articles published in Les Temps Modernes, Esprit and La Quinzaine Littéraire, most often signed by, respectively, Renée Saurel, AlfredSimon, and Gilles Sandier. This critique’s politicisation is most evident in four main areas, namely: its conception of the social function of theatre; in the selected criteria used to analyse performances; in its active involvment in the artistic and intellectual debates of the time; as well as in the very act of critical writing. The particular form of theatre critique emerging from these reviews tends to differ both from the journalistic column and from the scholarly commentary. These reviews’ publishing frequency allows this form of critique toremain topical in regards to contemporary french (and particularly public parisian) theatre; however, these texts also seek to break away from the traditional model of the theatre review and its impressionist mode. This critical movement attempts to explicate its criteria of appraisal by basing itself on the theoretical issues raised by Marxism, brechtism and/or structuralism. In so doing, it opens up its focus to include new controversial areas, such as debates on cultural policies. Despite aknowledging some form of autonomy to aesthetic issues, this critique analyses writing and mise-En-Scène through the lens of political efficiency, as a means to develop a genuine popular theatre. These reviews, considered here both as materialised spaces for intellectual debate and as objects of symbolic authority, become fertile loci in which to foster a new form of critique aiming to combine the development of theoretical frameworks with political commitment.