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Synchronizing the 3M Cushion Mount Plus supply chainVonasek, Scott M. January 2000 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis--PlanB (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references.
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Developing an agile management framework based on the theory of constraints /Ifandoudas, Panayiotis. Unknown Date (has links)
The research is aimed at furthering knowledge in the research fields of management accounting, operations management, performance measurement, and management strategy. The research theme of developing a holistic management philosophy based upon the theory of constraints led the research across the various fields of knowledge. Traditional views within some aspects of the literature were challenged and an exploration into the gaps within existing knowledge was made. The research questions were derived from the literature and tested via an action research methodology, which looked at both academic rigour and practical relevance. The methodology was applied to a SME which had successfully adopted the theory of constraints and was experiencing difficulties in translating short-run optimisation into strategic direction. Through the participation of the research team the research questions were tested with the results providing an incremental step towards a greater understanding of the research fields. / The dissatisfaction with the accounting treatment of manufacturing costs resulted in research activity into alternative costing and decision making models. Ultimately the goal of management accounting is to provide information from which to make tactical and strategic decisions. The initial stage of research is aimed at providing an alternative system from which to make operational decisions. The alternative system presented is heavily set within the theory of constraints, with good evidence exemplifying the superiority of such a system for tactical decision making such as outsourcing, pricing and investing. The superiority of this system is hamstrung when the scope of the decision making extends beyond the short-term horizon. To extend the management philosophy beyond this limitation the introduction of an agile strategy was adopted. / Agility was put forward as a solution to achieving and sustaining a competitive advantage within a new manufacturing paradigm of mass customisation. The characteristics of responsiveness and speed epitomise the market demand for customised products at mass produced lead times and prices. The gap in the operations management literature lies in the lack of research regarding the attainment of agility. While the characteristics and benefits of agility are well documented in the literature, the creation of a set of guidelines to achieve agility has eluded researchers and has been the subject of calls for future research. What is argued is that through the merger of several management theories and techniques, agility can be achieved. More succinctly, the key resources of the business, as identified via the resource-based view of the firm, are maintained through the adoption of the theory of constraints’ five step process. This ensures that key resources are supported by the business and maintained to a level sufficient enough to possess agile characteristics. / The catalyst in creating this holistic management framework is the performance measurement system based on the balanced scorecard. The financial measures were replaced with throughput measures, the strategic focus was driven by agility and the population of the measures was derived via a resource-based view perspective. Through the combination of an agile strategy and a performance measurement system the research theme of developing a holistic management philosophy based upon the theory of constraints was achieved. Although the research limitation of one research site may limit the generalisability of the findings, the merger of various management philosophies, techniques, and tools has not previously been undertaken. Furthermore, such an endeavour to lay down the platform for achieving agility by extending the scope of the theory of constraints has not been explored. This unique approach across several well-researched fields of knowledge presents a contribution to knowledge. / Thesis (PhDBusinessandManagement)--University of South Australia, 2007.
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An empirical exploration of supply chain constraints facing the construction industry in South AfricaPillay, Poobalan 28 May 2016 (has links)
The South African Construction Industry is one of the largest contributors to the gross domestic product of the country as well as to employment. It has, however, been experiencing significant challenges due to multifaceted factors. The main objective of this research was to identify the supply chain management constraints within the South African Construction Industry and how these can be overcome. This study is by nature descriptive and exploratory and contains qualitative elements. The problems were identified through a literature review, focused group discussions and interviews with major construction companies in South Africa.
The findings also indicate that the main supply chain management constraints are to a greater extent internal and typical of supply chain methodologies and approaches. These constraints are among others the lack of coordination, collaboration and commitment between suppliers and clients within the supply chain, poor leadership in key areas of systems, design problems (many changes and inconsistent information), deficient internal and external communication and information transfer, inadequate management within the supply chain, mainly poor planning and control just to mention a few.
A model based on supply chain system management as well as the Theory Of Constraints (TOC) has been developed that can be a useful tool to address the constraints in the construction sector. Originating from the study are applicable recommendations for the South African construction industry supply chains, covering key themes that have been articulated in the study, particularly benchmarking to the theory of constrains. Such recommendations include further research core components of supply chain such as, collaborations, logistics and how each of system components can be linked to performance of the supply chain management system.
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A population-based approach to sequential ordering problems /Anthonissen, Carel Aäron. January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (MScIng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.
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Constraints management in a continuous-batch processMacmillan, Stanley. January 2004 (has links)
Thesis (M. Eng.)(Technology management)--University of Pretoria, 2004. / Includes summary. Includes bibliographical references (Includes bibliographical references (leaves 12-1-12-7).
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Validating the core problem of project portfolio management in a multi-project environmentDe Klerk, Schalk Willem. January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (M.Sc.)(Project Management)--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Includes bibliography. Includes bibliographical references. Available on the Internet via the World Wide Web.
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Scheduling program based on the theory of constraintsMalherbe, Johannes Louw 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The goal of this thesis is to provide a stepping-stone for the design and development of a software
package that implements the Goal System Algorithm, based on the Theory of Constraints (TOC).
This includes the complete description and explanation of the Goal System Algorithm (GS), as
well as the partial implementation of this algorithm using Microsoft Access as a Database
Management System (DBMS) and Microsoft Visual C++ as programming language. The main
development effort was put into the development of a scheduling algorithm and the
implementation of a data structure that lies at the core of this algorithm.
The reason for the development of such a package is that it will aid a production manager,
working in a small to medium size job-shop, in generating a schedule for production that
will increase throughput, while simultaneously reducing both inventory and operating
expense thereby generating profits and cash flow.
With regard to this thesis and the overall project goal the following have been achieved.
1. The complete project has been researched, scoped and each step has been explained.
2. The complete program structure has been defined and broken into two separate modules;
the Data Mining and Conversion Module and the TOC Scheduling Algorithm.
3. The database containing all the MRP data necessary for scheduling has been designed
and implemented using a MS Access database with an ODBC connection. An ODBC
connection to the database was used so that a smooth transmission to other database
management systems can be made.
4. The TOC Scheduling Algorithm has been developed and the following have been
implemented:
• A basic user interface has been created for the insertion of all the user input and to
display the constraint schedule.
• A data structure called a linked list has been developed and used to store the
scheduling data in memory.
• The complete GS algorithm had been researched and explained.
• The GS algorithm has been and implemented and tested up to the point where it
schedules the constraint.
• The pseudo code for the part of the GS algorithm that was not implemented has been
documented and included in this report.
More development needs to be done and a proper Graphical User Interface must also be created
to complete this project, but after completion a Toe software package will exist that is
completely unique in South Africa and the market potential for this package will be considerable. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie tesis is om die grondslag te skep vir die ontwerp en ontwikkeling van 'n
sagteware pakket wat Goldratt se Doel Sisteem Algoritme, gebasseer op die 'Theory of
Constraints', implementeer. Dit sluit die gedetaileerde beskrywing van die Doel Sisteem
Algoritme in en 'n gedeeltelike implementasie van die algortime, deur gebruik te maak van 'n
Microsoft Access databasis as databasis bestuur sisteem en Microsoft Visual C++ as 'n
programerings taal. Die hoof klem is gelê op die ontwikkeling van die skedulerings algortime en
die implementasie van die strukture wat deel van die kern uitmaak van die algoritme.
Die hoof rede vir die ontwikkeling van so 'n pakket is sodat dit 'n produksie bestuurder van
'n klein to medium grootte vervaardigings besigheid sal help om 'n skedule vir produksie
the genereer wat die vloer se deurset sal verhoog, terwyl dit voorraad en operasionele kostes
sal verlaag. Met ander woorde dit sal die besigheid help om meer geld te maak huidiglik en
in die toekoms.
Met betrekking tot die tesis en die algehele projek doel is die volgende bereik:
1. Die hele projek is nagevors, uit een gesit en verduidelik.
2. Die hele program struktuur is gedefinieer en opgebreek in twee aparte modules; nl. die
'Data Mining and Conversion Module' en die 'TOC Scheduling Algorithm'.
3. Die databasis wat al die nodige MRP inligting bevat wat benodig word vir skedulering is
ontwerp en geimplementeer deur gebruil te maak van 'n MS Access databasis met 'n
ODBC konneksie. Daar is van 'n ODBC konneksie gebruik gemaak sodat as die nodig
is, daar sonder enige moeite na ander databasis bestuurs sisteme oorgeskakel kan word.
4. Die 'TOC Scheduling Algorithm' is onwikkel en die volgende is geimplementeer.
• A basisse gebruikers vlak is ontwikkel sodat al die nodig invoer data in die program
ingevoer kan word.
• 'n Geskakelde lys is ontwikkel en gebruik as die data struktuur om al die
skedulerings informasie in geheue te stoor.
• Die Doel Sisteem algorimte is in sy geheel verduidelik en gedokumenteer.
Die Doel Sisteem algoritme is geïmplementeer tot op die punt waar dit die primêre
bottelnek skeduleer.
• Die pseudo kode vir die deel van die GS algoritme wat nie geimplementeer is nie is
uitgelê in ingesluit as deel van die verslag.
Verdere ontwikkeling word nog benodig en 'n beter gebruikers vlak moet nog geskep word om
die projek te finaal afte handel, maar na dit gedoen is sal daar 'n TOe skedulering pakket bestaan
wat heeltemal uniek is tot Suid-Afrika en 'n groot mark potensiaal sal hê.
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Lokalisering av förbättringsområde : Enkla lokaliseringsmetoder för produktionsprocesser / Localization of improvement area : Simple location methods for production processesNilsson, Jacob, Stomberg, Pontus January 2016 (has links)
Detta examenarbete redogör och belyser hur en lokalisering av förbättringsområde inom en producerande process kan ske. Rapporten har sin grund i ett sökande efter var en effektivisering kan genomföras. Hur uppnås målet och finns det metoder som kan appliceras på en diversifierad mängd områden. Många företag och verksamheter har idag ett stort behov av förbättring. Detta för att kunna överleva det allt tuffare klimatet på marknaden. En konkurrenskraftig produkt både är pris- och kvalitetsmässigt i framkant krävs för att nå marknadsandelar. Undersökningen grundar sig i en nulägesanalys på ett verkligt företag för att göra undersökningen så rättvisande som möjligt. Rapporten redogör även för en undersökning av olika metoder från tidigare forskning inom lean och theory of constraints. Genom att använda sig av verktyg som 5S, JIT och koncept i sin helhet som lean och TOC kan en lokalisering av förbättringsområden ske. Genom att studera koncept som lean och TOC lokaliseras förbättringsområden med hjälp av deras grundläggande filosofi. De delar som finns i produktionen som bör tas i beaktning är omställningar, slöserier och begränsningar. Dessa tre faktorer påverkar en process negativt om de inte lokaliseras och effektiviseras eller elimineras. Den metod som bör användas varierar från fall till fall och det är av yttersta vikt att hitta en metod som fungerar bra för den egna processen. Det första som bör göras är att bli väl påläst och vara tydlig med vad metoden ska bidra med. De metoder som denna studie har granskat och visat sig fungera i en producerande process är: 5S, JIT, SMED samt TOC:s läran om flaskhalsar och leans läran om slöserier. Metoderna bidrar med olika sätt för lokalisering av förbättringsområden. / This report describes and illustrates how to locate an area for improvement in a producing process. The report is based on a search for where the streamlining can be performed. How can we achieve the goal, and are there methods that can be applied to a diverse range of areas. Many companies and businesses today have a great need for improvement, this in order to survive the increasingly tougher climate on the market. Where you now must be able to deliver a competitive product that is both price and quality at the forefront. The study is based on a situation analysis on a real business company, with a producing process, to do the survey as accurate as possible. The report also describes a study of the different methods from previous research in lean and TOC. By using tools such as 5S, JIT and concepts in its entirety as lean and TOC can you locate each one's areas of improvement. By studying the concept of lean and TOC makes you localize areas of improvement with the help of their basic philosophy. The parts that are in production that should be taken into consideration are transitions, waste and limitations. These three factors affect the process negatively even if they are not localized and streamlined or eliminated. The method you should use will vary from case to case and it is important that you find a method that works well for one's own process. The first thing you should always do is to be well prepared and be clear about what you want the method to contribute with. The methods of this study has been reviewed and concluded that: 5S, JIT, SMED and TOC's doctrine of bottlenecks and leans doctrine of wastes will work. All these practices help with ways for locating areas of improvement.
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Project management with Critical Chain : high-level study based on Theory of Constraints (TOC) & Critical ChainTenzer, Marcus 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001. / Some digitised pages may appear illegible due to the condition of the original hard copy. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In a world of increased global competition and the need of customer specific product customisation,
the management of projects gets more and more important in order to achieve competitive
advantages. By shortening the duration of projects and making project controlling tools more accurate
(according to reality), the process of management-decision making is supported and companies can
achieve higher profit margins as they are able to concentrate on value-adding parts and to plan future
steps efficiently.
Critical Chain is a new methodology, which applies Eli Goldratt's Theory of Constraints to project
management in order to complete projects faster and with higher predictability while simultaneously
making more efficient use of related resources. The Critical Chain methodology uses different
concepts to reach these goals:
• Average task durations
• Aggregating buffer at the end of projects
• Counteract against unplanned iterations and other delays
• De-conflict resources, both within and across projects.
The new project management methodology "Critical Chain" is subject of this research paper. The
document is a high-level methodology study, which gives indications, whether, where - and if, how -
the concept can be implemented in business environments. The argumentation is based on literature
reviews and practical experiences of two pilot implementations in a German heavy industry company,
which is internationally operating. In addition, the mini thesis explains basic principles of the Critical
Chain approach. Furthermore, main strengths, weaknesses and ideas to improve the methodology are
part of the study. Finally, experiences of companies using this methodology as well as an introduction
to a Microsoft Project™ add-on, named ProChain©, benchmark the usability of Critical Chain.
Critical Chain appears to minimize schedule risk while at the same time minimizing project durations,
and has the potential to improve both communication and employee moral. Especially cultural
.challenges will be explained, because the human-typical 'resistance to change' is a major hurdle in
implementing Critical Chain in a company's project management system.
Due to these cultural challenges, Critical Chain is not easy to implement in all parts of a heavy industry
company. As the concept is based on mathematical formulas, it is highly recommended that in the
beginning only smaller projects with highly qualified employees with a mathematical background (e.g.
engineers or other studies in the field of natural sciences) use this concept. As the success of the
methodology is dependent on the input of the project members, the whole project team has to
understand the principles in front. As such, it is very important that a training course for all people
involved is part of the implementation process. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Geen
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Protective capacity and time buffer design in theory of constraints controlled discrete flow production systemsLouw, Louis 04 1900 (has links)
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2005. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: To maximise the throughput of a production system the capacity constrained resource needs to be
protected from variation and uncertainty. In the Theory of Constraints philosophy such protection is
provided by means of time buffers and protective capacity. Time buffers are protective time that is
allowed in the production schedule to buffer against disruptions, whereas protective capacity is
defined as a given amount of extra capacity at non-constraints above the system constraint's capacity.
In this research an analytical procedure was developed to more accurately determine the required time
buffer lengths. This procedure uses an open queuing network modelling approach where workstations
are modelled as GIIG/m queues. A simulation experiment was performed to evaluate the time buffer
estimation procedure on the operations of an actual fifteen station flow shop. The results from the
study suggest that the analytical procedure is sufficiently accurate to provide an initial quick estimate
of the needed time buffer lengths at the design stage of the line.
This dissertation also investigated the effect of protective capacity levels at a secondary constraint
resource as well as at the other non-constraint resources on the mean flow time, the bottleneck
probability of the primary constraint resource, as well as the output of flow production systems using
simulation models and ANOV A. Two different types of flow production systems were investigated:
(1) a flow shop with a fixed number of stations and unlimited queue or buffer space between stations,
and (2) an assembly line where a total work content is distributed among stations in a certain fashion
and the number of stations are not fixed.
The experimental studies show that flow shop performance in the form of flow time and line output is
not that much influenced by low protective capacity levels at the secondary constraint resource. Low
protective capacity levels at a single station however can significantly reduce the bottleneck
probability for the primary constraint resource when it is located before and relatively close or near to
the primary constraint in the process flow, or after but relatively far from the primary constraint. An
after-far secondary constraint location also causes slightly longer job flow times, and should therefore
be avoided if possible. The research further shows that quite high protective capacity levels at the nonconstraint
resources are needed to ensure a more stable and therefore manageable primary constraint.
However low average levels of protective capacity at non-constraint resources are sufficient to ensure
that the maximum designed output level as determined by the utilisation of the primary constraint
resource is obtained. The results for the assembly line experiment showed that an unbalanced line configuration where less
work is assigned to the non-constraint stations than to the primary constraint station (but nonconstraint
stations have an equal work content) can lead to significant reductions in the mean flow
time while maintaining the same line output, without resulting in too many additional stations. Low
protective capacity levels in the range of 2% to 5% are sufficient to cause substantial improvements in
flow time without resulting in too many additional stations in the line. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Om die finale uitset van 'n produksiestelsel te maksimeer is dit noodsaaklik dat die bottelnek beskerm
word teen fluktuasies en onderbrekings. In die "Theory of Constraints" filosofie word van twee soorte
beskermingsmeganismes gebruik gemaak: tydbuffers en beskermende kapasiteit. Tydbuffers is
beskermende tyd wat in die produksieskedule gevoeg word om sodoende die bottelnek teen
onderbrekings te beskerm, terwyl beskermende kapasiteit ekstra produksiekapasiteit relatief tot die
bottelnek se kapasiteit is wat by nie-bottelnekke gevoeg word.
In hierdie navorsing IS 'n analitiese prosedure ontwikkel om meer akkurate berekenings van
tydbuffergroottes te verkry in produksiestelsels wat volgens 'n "Theory of Constraints" filosofie
bestuur word. Die prosedure maak gebruik van oop toustaan netwerk modellering waar werkstasies
gemodelleer word as GIIG/m toue. Die analitiese prosedure is ge-evalueer met 'n simulasie
eksperiment op 'n werklike vyftien stasie vloeiwinkel. Die resultate dui aan dat die analitiese
prosedure akkuraat genoeg is om vinnig aanvanklike beramings vir die benodigde tydbuffergroottes
tydens die ontwerpsfase van die produksiestelsel te verskaf.
Verder is ook ondersoek ingestel na die effek van beskermende kapasiteitsvlakke by die sekondêre
bottelnek asook die ander nie-bottelnekke op die gemiddelde deurvloeityd, die totale uitset, asook die
bottelnek waarskynlikheid vir die primêre bottelnek in vloei produksiestelsels deur gebruik te maak
van simulasie modelle en ANOVA. Twee verskillende tipes vloei produksiestelsels is ondersoek: (1) 'n
vloeiwinkel met 'n vaste aantal stasies en 'n onbeperkte buffer spasie tussen stasies, en (2) 'n
monteerlyn waar 'n totale werksinhoud op 'n bepaalde wyse onder stasies verdeel moet word en die
aantal stasies nie vas is nie.
Die eksperimentele studies dui aan dat die deurvloeitye en totale uitset van 'n vloeiwinkel me
noemenswaardig beïnvloed word deur lae beskermende kapasiteitsvlakke by die sekondêre bottelnek
nie. Hierdie maatstawwe word meer beïnvloed word deur die gemiddelde beskermende
kapasiteitsvlakke by al die nie-bottelnekke. Lae beskermende kapasiteit by 'n enkele werkstasie kan
egter die bottelnek waarskynlikheid vir die primêre bottelnek aansienlik verlaag indien dit voor en
relatief na aan die primêre bottelnek in die prosesvloei geleë is, of na, maar relatief ver, vanaf die
primêre bottelnek. 'n Sekondêre bottelnek ligging na maar relatief ver vanaf die primêre bottelnek in
die prosesvloei veroorsaak ook langer deurvloeitye, en moet dus vermy word. Verder dui die
navorsing aan dat redelike hoë gemiddelde beskermende kapasiteit by nie-bottelnekke benodig word
om 'n meer stabiele primêre bottelnek te verseker. In vloeiwinkels met lae vlakke van variasie en
onderbrekings is egter lae gemiddelde vlakke van beskermende kapasiteit by nie-bottelnekke voldoende om te verseker dat die maksimum ontwerpte uitset soos bepaal deur die benutting van die
primêre bottelnek behaal word.
Die resultate vir die monteerlyn eksperiment dui aan dat 'n ongebalanseerde lynkonfigurasie waar
minder werk aan die nie-bottelnek stasies as aan die primêre bottelnek stasie toegeken word (maar niebottelnek
stasies het 'n gelyke werksinhoud), aansienlike verlagings in deurvloeityd teweeg kan bring
terwyl dieselfde lyn uitset behou word. Dit is moontlik sonder te veel addisionele stasies in die lyn.
Die eksperimentele resultate dui aan dat lae beskermende kapasiteitsvlakke van tussen 2% tot 5%
voldoende is om beduidende verlagings in deurvloeityd teweeg te bring sonder te veel addisionele
stasies.
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