Primary school choice - an important mechanism influencing equity in education Jaroslava Simonová Abstract This dissertation describes the process of school choice in primary education and the factors influencing it. Using a qualitative grounded theory design, the work builds on data from 41 interviews with parents from diverse socio-economic backgrounds. Parents' decision-making about school choice is shaped primarily by the organizational needs of parents and their inner need to be a "good parent". When being interviewed, parents report a number of criteria, which, according to them, are important in school choice. However, for many of them they fail to obtain relevant and reliable information. Therefore, they may eventually make a decision based on criteria other than those referred to as important, although they are rarely aware of this shift and the change in criteria. There are three unavoidable criteria in decision-making: availability, reputation and the emotions that parents experienced at school during their visit. The child's needs are the important intervening conditions. They play an important role, especially if the parents feel that their child has some particular needs. The parents' experience with the education system and their personality characteristics are also important. The significant...

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-08-17T16:06:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Angela Maria Haberkamp_.pdf: 3622419 bytes, checksum: 8685cab27c26c2999033feb48418cc9a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T16:06:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Angela Maria Haberkamp_.pdf: 3622419 bytes, checksum: 8685cab27c26c2999033feb48418cc9a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-07 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta pesquisa analisou quais são as variáveis individuais e ambientais que influenciam o julgamento e a tomada de decisão (JDM) de contadores em empresas que adotam as International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) e como o fazem, no que se refere ao controle do imobilizado. Este estudo defende que elementos individuais e pressões ambientais influenciam o JDM dos contadores, demandado em maior grau desde a adoção das IFRS no Brasil, em 2010. A perspectiva individual foi estudada à luz da Teoria da Racionalidade Limitada (limitações cognitivas, situacionais e informacionais impedem a decisão ótima); já a ambiental utiliza os pressupostos da Teoria Institucional (as organizações tendem à similaridade, em função de pressões coercitivas, normativas e miméticas). Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizado um questionário semiestruturado, aplicado a 28 contadores que atuam em organizações que adotam as IFRS. Os resultados mostram que tanto as variáveis individuais, quanto as pressões institucionais influenciam o JDM dos contadores estudados. Os elementos individuais referem-se a limitações cognitivas (uso de facilitadores de decisão e excesso de variáveis); informacionais (informação indisponível e custo-benefício de obtê-la); e situacionais (tempo); sendo a limitação cognitiva a mais frequente. As pressões ambientais identificadas são as coercitivas (legislação, auditoria, detentores de capital, gestores e entidades regulamentadoras), as normativas (graduação, outros contadores, formação complementar, professores e auditoria) e as miméticas (consultoria). Destas, a pressão coercitiva é a mais presente no JDM dos contadores. A análise em relação a como elementos individuais e ambientais influenciam o JDM mostra que: a) as limitações cognitivas influenciam com maior intensidade o JDM dos contadores nas decisões operacionais, enquanto as pressões coercitivas influenciam mais o JDM nas decisões relacionadas à gestão do imobilizado (adotar a IFRS de forma integral ou parcial e como atender - ou não - a tudo que a norma demanda); b) há eventos em que Racionalidade Limitada e as Pressões Institucionais influenciam o JDM dos contadores de forma conjunta (como no cálculo da depreciação, teste de impairment e controles complementares), quando isso ocorre, as pressões coercitivas são determinates da decisão. / This research analyzed the individual and environmental variables that influence the judgment and decision making (JDM) of accountants in companies that adopt International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), and how they do it, in terms of asset control. This study argues that individual elements and environmental pressures influence the accountants JDM, demanded to a greater degree since the adoption of IFRS in Brazil in 2010. The individual perspective was studied in light of the Bounded Rationality Theory (cognitive, situational and informational limitations prevent the optimal decision); and the environmental uses the presuppositions of the Institutional Theory (the organizations tend to the similarity, due to coercive, normative and mimetic pressures). For the data collection, was used a semi-structured questionnaire, applied to 28 accountants who work in organizations that adopt the IFRS. The results show that individual variables and institutional pressures influence the JDM of the studied accountants. The individual elements are related to cognitive limitations (use of decision facilitators and excess variables), informational limitations (information unavailable and cost-effective to obtain it) and situational limitations (time); where the cognitive limitation is the most frequent. The environmental pressures identified are coercive (legislation, audit, capital holders, managers and regulators), normative (graduation, other accountants, supplementary training, teachers and auditing) and mimetics (consulting). Of these, the coercive pressure is the most present in the JDM of the accountants. The analysis of how individual and environmental elements influence the JDM shows that: a) Cognitive limitations influence the accountant’s JDM more strongly in operational decisions, while coercive pressures influence the JDM more in decisions about the management of fixed assets (adopt IFRS in whole or in part and how to meet - or not - all that the standard demands). b) There are events in which Limited Rationality and Institutional Pressures influence the accountant’s JDM jointly (as in the calculation of depreciation, impairment test and complementary controls), when this occurs, coercive pressures are determinate to the decision.