Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-10-28T09:02:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Paula Pinheiro Varela Guimarães.pdf: 5627475 bytes, checksum: f24ddaa0125aa4f3b4d517f3c1e7fa6a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-28T09:02:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paula Pinheiro Varela Guimarães.pdf: 5627475 bytes, checksum: f24ddaa0125aa4f3b4d517f3c1e7fa6a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The main objective in this research was to create a therapeutic technique based on the Role Playing Games. In order to encompass the main objective, it was relevant to outline the following specific goals as to: understand if the Role Playing Games are therapeutic resources for the psychological intervention in groups; verify which conscious and unconscious psychic contents arise from the proposed technique and verify if it contributed to the perception of the unconscious aspects from those who had experienced it. The Analytical Psychology was used as theoretical reference because it encompasses the main objectives of this present research through its concepts and the possibility of the symbolic analysis in the phenomenon studied. The participants in this research were a group of six R.P.G players, who experienced two campaigns (stories), with seven adventures (games) each. On the first one, the participants role played the characters they would like to interpret and on the second one, they played the characters they would not like to interpret. After two set of games, there were two interviews, structured with each participant. One after the role playing as the character they would like to interpret and the other one after the experience playing the character they would not like to interpret. The interviews were conducted by the researcher, aiming to be fostering instruments for the reflection on the R.P.G.´s game experiences. The analysis on the collected data was performed based on the qualitative methodology, adapting Bardin´s (2011) content analysis technique in Faria (2003). The analysis process took place for each participant, in the R.P.G. adventures taped on video, as well as the structured interviews that were audio recorded. The researcher elaborated an analysis for each participant and then there was a discussion on the experience of the proposed therapeutic technique. The analysis suggested that a therapeutic technique was created, based on Role Playing Games, and they were a therapeutic resource for the psychological intervention in groups. Emerging contents were also perceived, referring to the persona, the ego, the affective complexes, the archetypal manifestation, the shadow, the ideal ego, the elements of the conscious and unconscious dimensions. In addition to that, the proposed technique seemed to get conscience and unconscious closer, as well as foster the acknowledgement of contents that so far have been unconscious to the participants. The procedure of the therapeutic technique, named as spontaneous role play game had as a result the following stages: a group gathering or intervention in an existing group; the creation of character 1, who the participants would like to role play; the experience in four R.P.G. games; intervention interview performed; the creation of character 2, who the participants would not like to role play; the experience in four R.P.G. games; intervention interview performed / Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo principal criar uma técnica terapêutica, baseada em Role Playing Games. A fim de contemplar o objetivo principal, concebeu-se como relevante delinear como objetivos específicos: buscar compreender se os Role Playing Games se constituíam como recurso terapêutico para a intervenção psicológica em grupos; verificar quais conteúdos psíquicos, conscientes e inconscientes, emergiam em decorrência da técnica proposta; e verificar se esta contribuía para a percepção de aspectos inconscientes, por parte daqueles que a vivenciavam. Utilizou-se o referencial teórico da Psicologia Analítica por contemplar os objetivos da presente pesquisa através de seus conceitos e pela possibilidade de análise simbólica do fenômeno estudado. Os participantes de pesquisa constituíram um grupo de seis jogadores de R.P.G. e vivenciaram duas campanhas (estórias), com sete aventuras (jogos) cada. Na primeira, os participantes representaram personagens que gostariam de interpretar e, na segunda, representaram personagens que não gostariam de interpretar. Após as duas séries de jogos, foram realizadas duas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com cada participante, uma após a representação do(a) personagem que gostaria de interpretar e outra após a vivência daquele que não gostaria de interpretar. As entrevistas foram conduzidas pela pesquisadora e propuseram-se a serem instrumentos propiciadores de reflexão acerca das vivências nos jogos de R.P.G.. A análise dos dados coletados foi realizada com base na metodologia qualitativa, por meio de adaptação da técnica de análise de conteúdo, de Bardin (2011), por Faria (2003). Este processo de análise ocorreu para cada participante, tanto em relação às aventuras de R.P.G., gravadas em vídeo, quanto ao concernente às entrevistas semi-estruturadas, gravadas em áudio. A pesquisadora elaborou análise para cada participante em particular e, posteriormente, realizou discussão referente à vivência da técnica terapêutica proposta. A análise sugeriu que foi criada uma técnica terapêutica, baseada em Role Playing Games, bem como que estes se constituíram como um recurso terapêutico para a intervenção psicológica em grupos. Percebeu-se, ainda, a emergência de conteúdos referentes à persona, ao ego, a complexos afetivos, a manifestações arquetípicas, à sombra, ao ego ideal, a elementos das dimensões conscientes e inconscientes. Ademais, a técnica proposta pareceu aproximar a consciência e o inconsciente, bem como promover o reconhecimento de conteúdos, até então, inconscientes pelos participantes. O procedimento da técnica terapêutica, nomeada jogo de interpretação espontânea, resultou como constituído das seguintes etapas: reunião de um grupo ou intervenção em um grupo já existente; criação dos personagens 1, os quais os participantes gostariam de interpretar; vivência de quatro jogos de R.P.G..; realização de entrevista interventiva; criação dos personagens 2, os quais os participantes não gostariam de interpretar; vivência de quatro jogos de R.P.G.; realização de entrevista interventiva

This research project explores and describes how names and embedded meanings might be utilized as a therapeutic technique in order to mediate social adjustment and interpersonal efficiency. The subjective feeling of success that a person experiences in different areas of life is closely related to the quality of interpersonal relationships that underlie satisfactory interaction with other people. It is the researcher’s opinion that a person’s name almost equals a personal life prophecy and that any name could be a means to mould the client’s life script onto more favourable pathways, because the embedded meaning of a name might contribute to the client’s level of self-knowledge which is necessary for healthy, meaningful relations with others. With the rationale of this research study in mind, the research problem was formulated as follows: How can names and embedded meanings be utilized as a therapeutic technique to mediate social adjustment and interpersonal efficiency? Critical questions that emerged were: What are the underlying psychological constructs that guide the use of names and embedded meanings as a therapeutic technique? How can embedded meanings of names contribute to the different components inherent to sound social adjustment and interpersonal efficiency? Can names and embedded meanings be successfully utilized as a therapeutic technique to enhance social adjustment and interpersonal efficiency? A mixed method approach of qualitative as well as quantitative research was used for the purpose of this study, and interpretivism was the preferred epistemology. A non-experimental mode of inquiry was implemented at the hand of a single case study. Multiple data gathering methods were employed, which included: a well observed intake interview, a pre- and post-test at hand of the Interpersonal Relations Questionnaire, research participant-reflection during a structured interview with a number of stimulus-questions and informal observations and conversations. As enhanced social adjustment, interpersonal efficiency and growth in certain areas were obtained by means of using names and their embedded meanings as a therapeutic technique, the hypothesis of this study could be accepted and supported. / Dissertation (MEd (Educational Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Educational Psychology / MEd / unrestricted

The purpose of this study was to explore the use of Animal-Assisted Therapy in Educational Psychology. An empirical study of limited extent was undertaken, which was qualitative by nature and conducted from an interpretivist paradigm. I made use of a therapeutic case, which served as an in-depth case study. Visual data, creative expression, interviews, narrative expression and field notes were employed as data-gathering methods. Data were analysed by means of document analysis. A young boy of 14 years, with whom I have previously worked as a therapist, was the participant in the study. The findings of the study were, firstly that the use of AAT could enable the attainment of goals in therapy. Implementing AAT as a therapeutic tool provided motivation for participation in therapy from the participant. Secondly the use of an animal (dog) in the therapeutic process promoted the formation of a personal, caring, and emotional relationship with the primary participant. Thirdly, psychological benefits in the use of AAT were revealed by this study, namely the opportunity to promote socialisation, self-esteem, communication, interaction and participation in therapy. Fourthly AAT had a value in working with a socio-economically vulnerable child, addressing several of the needs identified in order to enhance the well-being of the child. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Educational Psychology / unrestricted

Lancée par une communication du célèbre professeur Brown-Séquard en 1889 sur les effets de l’auto injection d’un suc testiculaire, l’opothérapie – technique de soin par le suc de glandes – s’inscrit dans la ligne d’une longue tradition de médication animale. Les publications de médecins et de pharmaciens nous ont permis d’établir comment cette nouvelle thérapeutique s’inscrit dans le paysage d’une médecine qui se scientifise au tournant du XIXe-XXe siècles. L’opothérapie, dont le développement est tributaire de l’évolution des connaissances sur les glandes endocrines, se développera grâce aux succès thérapeutiques enregistrés dans les affections thyroïdiennes et gynécologiques et grâce à la mise à la disposition du public de spécialités issues d’une pharmacie qui s’industrialise et qui fournit une médication sous une forme qui permet de s’affranchir d’un geste médical. L’opothérapie, qui se démarque de l’hormonothérapie par l’usage d’objets thérapeutiques naturels mal identifiés qui ont suscité de nombreux débats sur leur composition et leur mode d’action, connaitra son plus grand développement aux alentours de la Première guerre mondiale et persistera, malgré le développement de l’hormonothérapie s’appuyant sur des molécules de synthèse, jusque dans les années 1990. / Launched by a communication from the famous Professor Brown-Sequard in 1889 on the effects of self-injection of testicular juice, organotherapy – a technique of care using the juice of glands – falls within a long tradition of animal medication. Publications of doctors and pharmacists have allowed us to establish how the new treatment is part of the landscape of medicine that became more scientific at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Opotherapy/Organotherapy, whose development depends on the development of knowledge on the endocrine glands, develops through therapeutic successes in thyroid and gynecological diseases and by making pharmaceuticals produced by industrializing pharmacists which provided medication in a form that eliminates a medical procedure, available to the public. Organotherapy, which stands out from hormone therapy by the use of natural misidentified drugs that have generated a great number of debates on their composition and mode of action, will know its greatest development around the First World War and will persist despite the development of hormone therapy based on synthetic molecules until the 1990s.

Lancée par une communication du célèbre professeur Brown-Séquard en 1889 sur les effets de l’auto injection d’un suc testiculaire, l’opothérapie – technique de soin par le suc de glandes – s’inscrit dans la ligne d’une longue tradition de médication animale. Les publications de médecins et de pharmaciens nous ont permis d’établir comment cette nouvelle thérapeutique s’inscrit dans le paysage d’une médecine qui se scientifise au tournant du XIXe-XXe siècles. L’opothérapie, dont le développement est tributaire de l’évolution des connaissances sur les glandes endocrines, se développera grâce aux succès thérapeutiques enregistrés dans les affections thyroïdiennes et gynécologiques et grâce à la mise à la disposition du public de spécialités issues d’une pharmacie qui s’industrialise et qui fournit une médication sous une forme qui permet de s’affranchir d’un geste médical. L’opothérapie, qui se démarque de l’hormonothérapie par l’usage d’objets thérapeutiques naturels mal identifiés qui ont suscité de nombreux débats sur leur composition et leur mode d’action, connaitra son plus grand développement aux alentours de la Première guerre mondiale et persistera, malgré le développement de l’hormonothérapie s’appuyant sur des molécules de synthèse, jusque dans les années 1990. / Launched by a communication from the famous Professor Brown-Sequard in 1889 on the effects of self-injection of testicular juice, organotherapy – a technique of care using the juice of glands – falls within a long tradition of animal medication. Publications of doctors and pharmacists have allowed us to establish how the new treatment is part of the landscape of medicine that became more scientific at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Opotherapy/Organotherapy, whose development depends on the development of knowledge on the endocrine glands, develops through therapeutic successes in thyroid and gynecological diseases and by making pharmaceuticals produced by industrializing pharmacists which provided medication in a form that eliminates a medical procedure, available to the public. Organotherapy, which stands out from hormone therapy by the use of natural misidentified drugs that have generated a great number of debates on their composition and mode of action, will know its greatest development around the First World War and will persist despite the development of hormone therapy based on synthetic molecules until the 1990s.

Este trabalho trata de estudo acerca da relação contemporânea entre humanos e animais no contexto das Terapias Assistidas por Animais – TAA, prática terapêutica crescente na promoção da saúde humana. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada através da observação participante de diferentes projetos de TAA, desenvolvidos em hospitais públicos e casas geriátricas, nas cidades de Porto Alegre, São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Metodologicamente esta pesquisa apoiase, fundamentalmente, na etnografia das sessões terapêuticas, com o objetivo de perceber alguns dos princípios que estruturam a prática, sobretudo no que tange à relação humanoanimal e à interação entre os seres que participam do processo terapêutico. Como horizonte teórico, debruceime sobre o pensamento de Tim Ingold, cuja base analítica assentase na consideração de que as ligações que estabelecemos com a natureza, seres e coisas fazem emergir práticas e estilos de vida, como uma chave pragmática para pensar o afloramento de sensibilidades e mundos. Essa proposição tem um caráter prático servindome como suporte junto aos trabalhos de Andrés Georges Haudricourt, Carole Ferret e Perig Pitrou, para tentar entender alguns meandros dessa relação, tomando como base as ações trocadas entre os humanos e os animais, durante a sessão terapêutica. Exploramos, igualmente, alguns discursos relacionados às ações trocadas entre os participantes da sessão, nos aproximando do que se poderia chamar de uma racionalidade terapêutica, de acordo com o pensamento de Madel Luz (2005), que seria própria da atividade, ligandoa ao sistema de saúde convencional, mas também oferecendo inúmeros novos modos de relação e com a ampliação das maneiras de expressão. A terapia em questão, enquanto tecnologia de cuidado, se adapta aos preceitos da Reforma Sanitária e da Reforma Psiquiátrica (Amarante, 1992), pois abrange processos de mudanças em nível legislativo, político, teórico e prático. Este trabalho aponta para uma forma diversificada de técnica terapêutica cujo dispositivo terapêutico está associado à interação do paciente com um animal permitindo, com isso, a crítica aos processos de medicalização da vida (Illich, 1975; Gaudenzi e Ortega, 2012) em acordo apelo para que outros atores sociais entrem em contato com os “doentes”, além dos médicos e enfermeiros (Palombini, 2012). Os animais, sob o amparo de movimentos em defesa dos animais e dos benefícios (fisiológicos e afetivos) advindos da interação interespecífica na TAA, ocupam o prestigiado estatuto de “terapeutas”. / This work deals with a study about the contemporary relationship between humans and animals in the context of Animal Assisted Therapies TAA, a growing therapeutic practice in the promotion of human health. The field research was carried out through participant observation of different TAA projects, developed in public hospitals and geriatric homes, in the cities of Porto Alegre, São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Methodologically, this research is based essentially on the ethnography of the therapeutic sessions, in order to perceive some of the principles that structure the practice, especially regarding the humananimal relationship and the interaction between the beings that participate in the therapeutic process. As a theoretical horizon, I focused on the thinking of Tim Ingold, whose analytical basis rests on the consideration that the bonds we establish with nature, beings and things, emerge practices and lifestyles, as a pragmatic key to thinking the outcrop of sensibilities and worlds. This proposition has a practical character serving as a support with the works of Andres Georges Haudricourt, Carole Ferret and Perig Pitrou, to try to understand some meanders of this relationship, based on the actions exchanged between humans and animals, during the therapeutic session. We also explored some discourses related to the actions exchanged between the participants of the session, approaching what could be called a therapeutic rationality, according to the thought of Madel Luz (2005), which would be characteristic of the activity, linking it to the Conventional health system, but also offering innumerable new ways of relating and expanding the ways of expression. The therapy in question, as a care technology, adapts to the precepts of Sanitary Reform and Psychiatric Reform (Amarante, 1992), since it encompasses processes of changes at the legislative, political, theoretical and practical levels. This work points to a diversified form of therapeutic technique whose therapeutic device is associated with the patient's interaction with an animal, thus allowing criticism of the medicalization of life processes (Illich, 1975; Gaudenzi and Ortega, 2012). that other social actors come in contact with the "patients", besides doctors and nurses (Palombini, 2012). The animals, under the protection of movements in defense of the animals and the benefits (physiological and affective) arising from interspecific interaction in the TAA, occupy the prestigious status of “therapists”.

Este trabalho trata de estudo acerca da relação contemporânea entre humanos e animais no contexto das Terapias Assistidas por Animais – TAA, prática terapêutica crescente na promoção da saúde humana. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada através da observação participante de diferentes projetos de TAA, desenvolvidos em hospitais públicos e casas geriátricas, nas cidades de Porto Alegre, São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Metodologicamente esta pesquisa apoiase, fundamentalmente, na etnografia das sessões terapêuticas, com o objetivo de perceber alguns dos princípios que estruturam a prática, sobretudo no que tange à relação humanoanimal e à interação entre os seres que participam do processo terapêutico. Como horizonte teórico, debruceime sobre o pensamento de Tim Ingold, cuja base analítica assentase na consideração de que as ligações que estabelecemos com a natureza, seres e coisas fazem emergir práticas e estilos de vida, como uma chave pragmática para pensar o afloramento de sensibilidades e mundos. Essa proposição tem um caráter prático servindome como suporte junto aos trabalhos de Andrés Georges Haudricourt, Carole Ferret e Perig Pitrou, para tentar entender alguns meandros dessa relação, tomando como base as ações trocadas entre os humanos e os animais, durante a sessão terapêutica. Exploramos, igualmente, alguns discursos relacionados às ações trocadas entre os participantes da sessão, nos aproximando do que se poderia chamar de uma racionalidade terapêutica, de acordo com o pensamento de Madel Luz (2005), que seria própria da atividade, ligandoa ao sistema de saúde convencional, mas também oferecendo inúmeros novos modos de relação e com a ampliação das maneiras de expressão. A terapia em questão, enquanto tecnologia de cuidado, se adapta aos preceitos da Reforma Sanitária e da Reforma Psiquiátrica (Amarante, 1992), pois abrange processos de mudanças em nível legislativo, político, teórico e prático. Este trabalho aponta para uma forma diversificada de técnica terapêutica cujo dispositivo terapêutico está associado à interação do paciente com um animal permitindo, com isso, a crítica aos processos de medicalização da vida (Illich, 1975; Gaudenzi e Ortega, 2012) em acordo apelo para que outros atores sociais entrem em contato com os “doentes”, além dos médicos e enfermeiros (Palombini, 2012). Os animais, sob o amparo de movimentos em defesa dos animais e dos benefícios (fisiológicos e afetivos) advindos da interação interespecífica na TAA, ocupam o prestigiado estatuto de “terapeutas”. / This work deals with a study about the contemporary relationship between humans and animals in the context of Animal Assisted Therapies TAA, a growing therapeutic practice in the promotion of human health. The field research was carried out through participant observation of different TAA projects, developed in public hospitals and geriatric homes, in the cities of Porto Alegre, São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Methodologically, this research is based essentially on the ethnography of the therapeutic sessions, in order to perceive some of the principles that structure the practice, especially regarding the humananimal relationship and the interaction between the beings that participate in the therapeutic process. As a theoretical horizon, I focused on the thinking of Tim Ingold, whose analytical basis rests on the consideration that the bonds we establish with nature, beings and things, emerge practices and lifestyles, as a pragmatic key to thinking the outcrop of sensibilities and worlds. This proposition has a practical character serving as a support with the works of Andres Georges Haudricourt, Carole Ferret and Perig Pitrou, to try to understand some meanders of this relationship, based on the actions exchanged between humans and animals, during the therapeutic session. We also explored some discourses related to the actions exchanged between the participants of the session, approaching what could be called a therapeutic rationality, according to the thought of Madel Luz (2005), which would be characteristic of the activity, linking it to the Conventional health system, but also offering innumerable new ways of relating and expanding the ways of expression. The therapy in question, as a care technology, adapts to the precepts of Sanitary Reform and Psychiatric Reform (Amarante, 1992), since it encompasses processes of changes at the legislative, political, theoretical and practical levels. This work points to a diversified form of therapeutic technique whose therapeutic device is associated with the patient's interaction with an animal, thus allowing criticism of the medicalization of life processes (Illich, 1975; Gaudenzi and Ortega, 2012). that other social actors come in contact with the "patients", besides doctors and nurses (Palombini, 2012). The animals, under the protection of movements in defense of the animals and the benefits (physiological and affective) arising from interspecific interaction in the TAA, occupy the prestigious status of “therapists”.

Este trabalho trata de estudo acerca da relação contemporânea entre humanos e animais no contexto das Terapias Assistidas por Animais – TAA, prática terapêutica crescente na promoção da saúde humana. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada através da observação participante de diferentes projetos de TAA, desenvolvidos em hospitais públicos e casas geriátricas, nas cidades de Porto Alegre, São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Metodologicamente esta pesquisa apoiase, fundamentalmente, na etnografia das sessões terapêuticas, com o objetivo de perceber alguns dos princípios que estruturam a prática, sobretudo no que tange à relação humanoanimal e à interação entre os seres que participam do processo terapêutico. Como horizonte teórico, debruceime sobre o pensamento de Tim Ingold, cuja base analítica assentase na consideração de que as ligações que estabelecemos com a natureza, seres e coisas fazem emergir práticas e estilos de vida, como uma chave pragmática para pensar o afloramento de sensibilidades e mundos. Essa proposição tem um caráter prático servindome como suporte junto aos trabalhos de Andrés Georges Haudricourt, Carole Ferret e Perig Pitrou, para tentar entender alguns meandros dessa relação, tomando como base as ações trocadas entre os humanos e os animais, durante a sessão terapêutica. Exploramos, igualmente, alguns discursos relacionados às ações trocadas entre os participantes da sessão, nos aproximando do que se poderia chamar de uma racionalidade terapêutica, de acordo com o pensamento de Madel Luz (2005), que seria própria da atividade, ligandoa ao sistema de saúde convencional, mas também oferecendo inúmeros novos modos de relação e com a ampliação das maneiras de expressão. A terapia em questão, enquanto tecnologia de cuidado, se adapta aos preceitos da Reforma Sanitária e da Reforma Psiquiátrica (Amarante, 1992), pois abrange processos de mudanças em nível legislativo, político, teórico e prático. Este trabalho aponta para uma forma diversificada de técnica terapêutica cujo dispositivo terapêutico está associado à interação do paciente com um animal permitindo, com isso, a crítica aos processos de medicalização da vida (Illich, 1975; Gaudenzi e Ortega, 2012) em acordo apelo para que outros atores sociais entrem em contato com os “doentes”, além dos médicos e enfermeiros (Palombini, 2012). Os animais, sob o amparo de movimentos em defesa dos animais e dos benefícios (fisiológicos e afetivos) advindos da interação interespecífica na TAA, ocupam o prestigiado estatuto de “terapeutas”. / This work deals with a study about the contemporary relationship between humans and animals in the context of Animal Assisted Therapies TAA, a growing therapeutic practice in the promotion of human health. The field research was carried out through participant observation of different TAA projects, developed in public hospitals and geriatric homes, in the cities of Porto Alegre, São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Methodologically, this research is based essentially on the ethnography of the therapeutic sessions, in order to perceive some of the principles that structure the practice, especially regarding the humananimal relationship and the interaction between the beings that participate in the therapeutic process. As a theoretical horizon, I focused on the thinking of Tim Ingold, whose analytical basis rests on the consideration that the bonds we establish with nature, beings and things, emerge practices and lifestyles, as a pragmatic key to thinking the outcrop of sensibilities and worlds. This proposition has a practical character serving as a support with the works of Andres Georges Haudricourt, Carole Ferret and Perig Pitrou, to try to understand some meanders of this relationship, based on the actions exchanged between humans and animals, during the therapeutic session. We also explored some discourses related to the actions exchanged between the participants of the session, approaching what could be called a therapeutic rationality, according to the thought of Madel Luz (2005), which would be characteristic of the activity, linking it to the Conventional health system, but also offering innumerable new ways of relating and expanding the ways of expression. The therapy in question, as a care technology, adapts to the precepts of Sanitary Reform and Psychiatric Reform (Amarante, 1992), since it encompasses processes of changes at the legislative, political, theoretical and practical levels. This work points to a diversified form of therapeutic technique whose therapeutic device is associated with the patient's interaction with an animal, thus allowing criticism of the medicalization of life processes (Illich, 1975; Gaudenzi and Ortega, 2012). that other social actors come in contact with the "patients", besides doctors and nurses (Palombini, 2012). The animals, under the protection of movements in defense of the animals and the benefits (physiological and affective) arising from interspecific interaction in the TAA, occupy the prestigious status of “therapists”.