The aim of this research is to reveal the reality negotiation process for finding hope in people who have Depression. In the traditional, modern and medical models of depression, and biological, psychological, social or even contextual perspectives, it is considered that people who are affected by depression are stigmatized in a sick role with different kinds of dysfunctions or deficiencies. They are not considered to have much hope. Their reality is singular and absolute which prevent the use of personal agency to make choices, take action and narrate preferences and experiences to address their problems. In the school of positive psychology, there is a theory that focuses on pathways to hope which aim at positivity as people have the ability for reality negotiation. The postmodern and humanistic views have allowed people to start to see that even though one may be affected by mental illnesses, one will still have his/her expert knowledge, unique experiences, and strategies through narratives of hope. This research is collaborative narrative research. Twelve individuals, males and females of different ages and backgrounds, have been invited to take part in semi-structured in-depth narrative interviews. They have also been invited to provide feedback and reflections during the interview process. They are given the opportunity to comment on their own verbatim and review the script at a second interview for further storytelling and reflection. When these individuals are given the space and time to narrate their accounts of negotiating depression, the hope that is previously hidden will then emerge. Throughout the conversation, they reconstruct their preferred self by revisiting the negotiation process. They have the agency to perform their preferred life and self-strategies and over techniques to manage life problems and compete with the power of dominant discourses within the mainstream context. It is shown that they have to lead their life with hopeful stories that are applicable to their future life circumstances. A theory is consequently formulated based on the findings of the process of reality negotiation in finding hope. Recommendations are provided in light of the current situation of mental health services in the Hong Kong Chinese cultural context, which include recommendations on the allocation of resources and human resources that are oriented towards the expertise of the persons who are facing depression. It is based on their knowledge and experience found by the everyday stories of the persons through collaboration with them.

The functional speech sound disorder, American English /r/ articulation errors, presents a unique and confounding clinical challenge as "therapy resistant" residual errors persist into adolescence and adulthood in many cases. Finding paucity of empirical research for /r/ treatment, evidence-based practice (EBP) exploration in motor-related disorders informed clinical practice and research directions. This study investigated the efficacy of "manual mimicry" (a kinesthetic, gestural, and visual cue) in treating intractable /r/ errors in a young adult using a single subject ABAB design. Perceptual accuracy judgments of three types of listeners (experts, graduate clinician, and na��ve listeners) indicated a positive treatment effect of manual mimicry cueing on vocalic /r/ sound productions. Electropalatograpy (EPG) outcome measures showed limited ability to accurately reflect perceptual changes quantitatively. These findings from an exploratory study provide initial evidence that perceptual saliency of /r/ productions may be potentially remediated using a kinesthetic, gestural, and visual cue during treatment. / Rangos School of Health Sciences / Speech-Language Pathology (SLP) / MS / Thesis

No description available.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2005. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

This thesis is focused on therapeutic communities in the treatment system of drug addicted clients and on their methods, programs and mission of employed therapists to achieve better restoration of the drug addicted clients. The aim of this work is to widely describe the treatment process in therapeutic communities and zoom in an enviroment and whole treatment system which creates safety place for each member of the community. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and practical part. Theoretical part describes today's czech experience in therapeutic communities, whereas the importance is laid on introducing therapeutic methods and programs effectively used in social work with drug addicts.Practical part forms own qualitative research, precedented with intership in the therapeutic community Karlov.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2010. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Background: Alcohol use disorders belong among the ten leading causes of Years Lost due to Disability in high-income countries. Poland, Czech Republic, and the Slovak Republic are countries with high alcohol consumption. The specific inpatient psychotherapeutic program is basic treatment approach in patients suffering from alcohol dependency. The theory of change assumes that therapeutic approaches should be adapted to the stage of change in which the patient actually is. Aim: To examine the state of readiness to change at the beginning and the end of inpatient short (six weeks) and long (12 weeks) therapeutic program in Slovak Republic, Poland, and the Czech Republic. To compare readiness to change with insight and motivation. To find, whether patients change and how patients change advances in alcohol treatment. Methods: Total 380 alcohol dependent inpatients (282 men and 98 women) were examined using International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems- 10th Revision (ICD- 10), World Health Organization (1992). Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), The Stages of Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale (SOCRATES), Readiness to Change Questionnaire (RCQ), and Demographic Questionnaire. All analyses were calculated using the SPSS (Statistical Packages...

Sammanfattning  Bakgrund: Duchennes muskeldystrofi (DMD) är en ovanlig genetisk muskelsjukdom som beräknas drabba cirka tio pojkar i Sverige per år. Sjukdomen påverkas av en brist på proteinet dystrofin, vilket leder till en progressiv nedbrytning av skelett- och respiratoriska muskler samt myocardium. Detta leder till en successiv försämring av muskelstyrka samt ledrörlighet. Fysioterapeutiska åtgärder vid arbete med patientgruppen är framförallt inriktade mot att fördröja försämringen av sjukdomsförloppet. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att ge ökad förståelse för hur den fysioterapeutiska behandlingen ser ut för patienter med DMD, samt hur fysioterapeuter upplever arbetet med patientgruppen.  Metod: Fyra semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med fysioterapeuter som hade erfarenhet av arbete med patientgruppen. Materialet från intervjuerna analyserades därefter med kvalitativ innehållsanalys enligt Graneheim och Lundman. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i tre huvudkategorier: “Mångfacetterad fysioterapeutisk behandling”, “Samarbete för att bidra till ett normalt liv” och “Komplex diagnos påverkar fysioterapeutens upplevelser”. Slutsats: Fysioterapeuterna uttryckte att huvudmålet för den fysioterapeutiska behandlingen var att ligga steget före med insatser samt att fördröja försämring. Att stötta patienten till ett delaktigt och självständigt liv ansågs som en nyckelkomponent i behandlingen. Arbetet med patientgruppen kunde stundom upplevas som svårt och sorgsamt, men också fridsamt och positivt. Fysioterapeuters upplevelser kan ge en inblick i vårdprocessen och därav bidra till utveckling av en bättre vård.

Children with developmental coordination disorders (DCD) inherently have neuromotor disruptions that impact their functional performance (Watemberg et al., 2007). The prevalence of developmental coordination disorder is high among children with diagnoses such as ADHD and autism (Maciver et al., 2011). DCD presents with motor coordination problems, visual motor integration difficulties, sensory processing differences, and communication and behavior challenges. These difficulties lead to specific learning delays that affect reading, writing, and math as well as related mental health problems. There is an emerging body of evidence substantiating the need for effective diagnosis, which would lead to improved management of the population. Evidenced-based occupational therapy interventions for children with DCD are limited, which impacts the training opportunities for occupational therapists who are interested in using effective interventions in their practice. The literature highlights the Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) method as the only evidence-based practice intervention method, however sensory integration treatment is the preferred treatment used by 90% of pediatric occupational therapists in the United States (AOTA, 2015b). Although there is limited evidence supporting popular interventions such as sensory integration, neurodevelopmental therapies, and deficit-oriented interventions, there is a growing interest and desire for ways to address the needs of the DCD population. Consistent themes throughout the literature are to promote awareness and develop appropriate evidence-based interventions for children being diagnosed with DCD. I propose that this clinical gap can be remediated by providing an evidence-informed, multi-faceted intervention model that is supported by current neuroscience research. With growing bodies of literature in the neuroscience research community, I propose using an integrated model such as the Margow Model (Margow, 2014). The model integrates several philosophies of treatment that can be easily implemented with a clear plan of intervention. Occupational therapists need an accessible tool that incorporates task-oriented interventions, sensory processing strategies, cognitive strategies and functional activities that can be carried over into daily living skills.

No description available.