The work embodied in this thesis describes software techniques developed to analyse digital inline holograms of suspended particle fields, particularly in aquatic environ- ments. The primary motivation behind this work has been development of tech- niques to extract useable information from individual holograms within holovideos, producing focused silhouettes of recorded plankton and other particulates with min- imal user intervention. Two automated focusing algorithms are developed and presented in this work, both of which obtain comparable results for holograms of sparse plankton populations. The first approach is based on rectangular regions of interest (ROIs), which are aligned to (x, y) dimensions, and localise particles within the two-dimensional recon- structed planes obtained from holovideo frames. Due to poor immunity to particle merging when applied to denser particle fields, a second approach was developed using arbitrary polygons with which to localise particle positions in reconstructed planes. This new approach offers a greater immunity to the merging of particles lying in close proximity in the (x, y) dimensions of the hologram, and allows better particle localisation for high density particle holograms. Both ROI and polygon based particle localisation are explored to identify strengths and weaknesses, and complete automated scanning procedures developed in both cases. Examples are provided of typical output from automated scanning algorithms when applied to a number of sample holograms, and areas of weakness highlighted for future work.

Let M = H³/Γ be a complete, non-compact, oriented geometrically finite hyperbolic 3-manifold without cusps. By constructing a conformal compactification of M x S¹ we functorially associate to M an oriented, conformally flat, compact 4-manifold X (without boundary) with an S¹-action. X determines M as a hyperbolic manifold. Using our functor and the differential geometry of conformally flat 4-manifolds we prove that any Γ as above with a limit set of Hausdorff dimension ≤ 1 is Schottky, Fuchsian or extended Fuchsian. Furthermore, the Hodge theory for H² (X;R) carries over to H¹(M, δM;R) and H²(M;R) which correspond to the spaces of harmonic L²-forms of degree 1 and 2 on M. Comparison of lattices through the Hodge star gives an invariant h(M) ε GL(H²(M;R)/GL(H²(M;Z)) of the hyperbolic structure. Secondly we pay attention to magnetic monopoles on M which correspond to S¹invariant solutions of the anti-self-duality equations on X. The basic result is that we associate to M an infinite collection of moduli spaces of monopoles , labelled by boundary conditions. We prove that the moduli spaces are not empty (under reasonable conditions), compute their dimension , prove orientability , the existence of a compactification and smoothness for generic S¹-invariant conformal structures on X. For these results one doesn't need a hyperbolic structure on M , the existence of a conformal compactification X suffices. A twistor description for monopoles on a hyperbolic M can be given through the twistor space of X , and monopoles turn out to correspond to invariant holomorphic bundles on twistor space. We analyse these bundles. Explicit formulas for monopoles can be found on handlebodies M , and for M = surface x R we describe the moduli spaces in some detail.

As esthetic improvement continues to be a primary goal of orthodontic patients and practitioners, it is important to understand the soft tissue movements that occur during the transition from rest to smile. Advances in technology allow capture of 3-dimesional photographs. The purpose of this study was to quantify the soft tissue changes that occur upon smiling and to compare changes between males and females using 3-dimensional photography. Fifty-four participants had resting and smiling photographs taken with the 3dMDface camera system. The two images were registered on stable facial surfaces, landmarks were placed, and measurements were recorded. Three-dimensional changes occurred in the following regions of the face in both males and females: eyes, ears, nose and lips. Intercommissure width of the lips was shown to increase more in females than males, but males showed increased mobility in landmarks at the base of the nose.

No description available.

In the experimental analysis of behavior, response allocation is typically studied under concurrent interval schedules, with two response alternatives, in a static environment. The natural environment of the unfettered organism, however, is dynamic insofar as even frequently visited environments are rarely identical from encounter to encounter. Additionally, natural environments usually offer more than two concurrently available behaviors that are often scheduled for reinforcement contingent on rate of responding. The purpose of this study was to determine how the addition or removal of a third response alternative affected response allocation between two topographically dissimilar operants on independent concurrent ratio schedules in a dynamic environment. Results indicate that the addition of the third operant served to temporarily suppress response rates of the first two operants but had no or only minor and inconsistent effects on relative allocation. The reintroduction of the third operant in a new location again suppressed response rates in three of four subjects and slightly shifted response allocation for one subject. Highly individual anecdotal patterns could be seen in tangential observations of each of 4 subjects. The results suggest the possibility that new alternatives have temporary effects on response bias, and that these effects may be variable and dependent on details of individual history and stimulus control.

by Chu Kin-cheong. / Thesis (M.Ph.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1988. / Bibliography: leaves 106-109.

by Hui Chau Man. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1991. / Includes bibliographical references. / ABSTRACT --- p.i / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION / Chapter 1.1 --- Computer Graphics Today --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- 3D Graphics Synthesis Techniques --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Hardware-assisted Computer Graphics --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2 --- About The Thesis --- p.5 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- GRAPHICS SYSTEM ARCHITECTURES / Chapter 2.1 --- Basic Structure of a Graphics Subsystem --- p.8 / Chapter 2.2 --- VLSI Graphics Chips --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- The CRT Controllers --- p.10 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- The VLSI Graphics Processors --- p.11 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Design Philosophies for VLSI Graphics Processors --- p.12 / Chapter 2.3 --- Graphics Boards --- p.14 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- The ARTIST 10 Graphics Controller --- p.14 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- The MATROX PG-1281 Graphics Controller --- p.16 / Chapter 2.4 --- High-end Graphics System Architectures --- p.17 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Graphics Accelerator with Multiple Functional Units --- p.18 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Parallel Processing Graphics Systems --- p.18 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- The Parallel Processor Architecture --- p.19 / Chapter 2.4.4 --- The Pipelined Architecture --- p.21 / Chapter 2.5 --- Comparisons and Discussions --- p.22 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- Parallel Processors versus Pipelined Processing --- p.23 / Chapter 2.5.2 --- Parallel Processors versus Multiple Functional Units --- p.23 / Chapter 2.6 --- Summary of High-end Graphics Systems --- p.24 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- AN ISA 3D GRAPHICS DISPLAY SERVER / Chapter 3.1 --- Common ISA Graphics Cards --- p.26 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Standard Video Display Cards --- p.26 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Graphics Processing Boards --- p.27 / Chapter 3.2 --- A Depth Processor for the ISA computers --- p.28 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- The Z-buffer Algorithm for HLHSR --- p.28 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Our Hardware Solution for HLHSR --- p.29 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Design of the Depth Processor --- p.31 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Structure of the Depth Processor --- p.34 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- The Depth Processor Operations --- p.35 / Chapter 3.2.6 --- Software Support --- p.40 / Chapter 3.2.7 --- Performance of the Depth Processor --- p.44 / Chapter 3.3 --- A VGA Accelerator for the ISA Computers --- p.45 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Display Buffer Structure of the SuperVGA --- p.46 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Design of the VGA Accelerator --- p.47 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Structure of the VGA Accelerator --- p.49 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Combining the VGA Accelerator and the Depth Processor --- p.51 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- Actual Performance of the DP-VA Board --- p.54 / Chapter 3.3.6 --- 3D Graphics Applications Using the DP-VA Board --- p.55 / Chapter 3.4 --- A 3D Graphics Display Server --- p.57 / Chapter 3.5 --- Host Connection for the 3D Graphics Display Server --- p.59 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- The Single Board Computers --- p.60 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- The VME-to-ISA bus convenor --- p.61 / Chapter 3.5.3 --- Structure of the VME-to-ISA Bus Convertor --- p.61 / Chapter 3.5.4 --- Communications through the bus convertor --- p.64 / Chapter 3.6 --- Physical Construction of the DP-VA Board and the Bus Convertor --- p.65 / Chapter 3.7 --- Summary --- p.66 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- A MULTI-i860 3D GRAPHICS SYSTEM / Chapter 4.1 --- The i860 Processor --- p.69 / Chapter 4.2 --- Design of a Multiprocessor 3D Graphics System --- p.70 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- A Reconfigurable Processor-Pipeline System --- p.72 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- The Depth-Processing Unit --- p.73 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- A Multiprocessor Graphics System --- p.75 / Chapter 4.3 --- Structure of the Multi-i860 3D --- p.77 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- The 64-bit-wide Global Data Buses --- p.77 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- The 1280x1024 True-colour Display Unit --- p.79 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- The Depth Processing Unit --- p.82 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- The i860 Processing Units --- p.84 / Chapter 4.3.5 --- The System Control Unit --- p.87 / Chapter 4.3.6 --- Performance Prediction --- p.89 / Chapter 4.4 --- Summary --- p.90 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- CONCLUSIONS / Chapter 5.1 --- The 3D Graphics Synthesis Pipeline ……… --- p.91 / Chapter 5.2 --- 3D Graphics Hardware --- p.91 / Chapter 5.3 --- Design Approach for the ISA 3D Graphics Display Server --- p.92 / Chapter 5.4 --- Flexibility in the Multi-i860 3D Graphics System --- p.93 / Chapter 5.5 --- Future Work --- p.94 / Chapter APPENDIX A --- DISPLAYING REALISTIC 3D SCENES / Chapter A.1 --- Modelling 3D Objects in Boundary Representation --- p.96 / Chapter A.2 --- Transformations of 3D scenes --- p.98 / Chapter A.2.1 --- Composite Modelling Transformation --- p.98 / Chapter A.2.2 --- Viewing Transformations --- p.99 / Chapter A.2.3 --- Projection --- p.102 / Chapter A.2.4 --- Window to Viewport Mapping --- p.104 / Chapter A.3 --- Implementation of the Viewing Pipeline --- p.105 / Chapter A.3.1 --- Defining the View Volume --- p.105 / Chapter A.3.2 --- Normalization of The View Volume --- p.106 / Chapter A.3.3 --- The Overall Transformation Pipeline --- p.108 / Chapter A.4 --- Rendering Realistic 3D Scenes --- p.108 / Chapter A.4.1 --- Scan-conversion of Lines and Polygons --- p.108 / Chapter A.4.2 --- Hidden Surface Removal --- p.109 / Chapter A.4.3 --- Shading --- p.112 / Chapter A.4.4 --- The Complete 3D Graphics Pipeline --- p.114 / Chapter APPENDIX B --- DEPTH PROCESSOR DESIGN DETAILS / Chapter B.l --- PAL Definitions --- p.116 / Chapter B.2 --- Circuit Diagrams --- p.118 / Chapter B.3 --- Depth Processor User's Guide --- p.121 / Chapter APPENDIX C --- VGA ACCELERATOR DESIGN DETAILS / Chapter C.1 --- PAL Definitions --- p.124 / Chapter C.2 --- Circuit Diagram --- p.125 / Chapter C.3 --- The DP-VA User's Guide --- p.127 / Chapter APPENDIX D --- VME-TO-ISA BUS CONVERTOR DESIGN DETAILS / Chapter D.1 --- PAL Definitions --- p.131 / Chapter D.2 --- Circuit Diagrams --- p.133 / Chapter APPENDIX E --- 3D GRAPHICS LIBRARY ROUTINES FOR THE DP-VA BOARD / Chapter E.1 --- 3D Drawing Routines --- p.136 / Chapter E.2 --- 3D Transformation Routines --- p.137 / Chapter E.3 --- Shading Routines --- p.138 / Chapter APPENDIX F --- PIPELINE CONFIGURATIONS FOR N PROCESSORS / REFERENCES

by Li Lung Ming. / Thesis (M.Sc.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 33-34). / Chapter 0. --- Abstract --- p.3 / Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1 --- Stereoscopic Applications --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2 --- How to perceive 3-D image --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Monocular Cues --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Binocular cues --- p.7 / Chapter 2 --- Background --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1 --- True 3 -D Display --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Stereoscopic Systems --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Head-Mounted Display --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Varifocal-mirror Display --- p.12 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Holographic Systems --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2 --- Generation of real-time Stereoscopic Views --- p.15 / Chapter 3. --- A Stereoscopic System --- p.21 / Chapter 3.1 --- Design Considerations --- p.21 / Chapter 3.2 --- The Set-up --- p.22 / Chapter 4. --- Results --- p.26 / Chapter 5. --- Discussions --- p.27 / Chapter 5.1 --- Advantages of the set-up --- p.29 / Chapter 5.2 --- Disadvantages of the set-up --- p.30 / Chapter 6. --- Conclusion --- p.31 / Chapter 7. --- References --- p.33

Jiang, Li. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 149-155). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts also in Chinese.

For sprint events longer than 100 m, more than half the race is run on the bend, yet bend sprinting has received little attention in biomechanics literature. The aim of this thesis was to understand the effect of the bend on maximal effort sprint performance and technique, using bend radii and surfaces typical of outdoor competition. Three empirical studies were undertaken with experienced bend sprinters. Initial 3D kinematics investigations revealed an approximately 5% velocity decrease on the bend compared to the straight. However, step characteristic changes contributing to this reduction were different for the left and right steps. For the left step there were significant decreases in step frequency (p < 0.05), due to increased ground contact time, which agreed with previously proposed theoretical models. For the right step, however, a significantly reduced flight time resulted in a significant reduction in step length (p < 0.05). Maintaining step length and an ‘active touchdown’ were closely related to an athlete’s ability to better maintain straight line velocity on the bend. Generally, velocity decreased as bend radius decreased, with mean differences of up to 2.3% between lanes 8 and 2. However, changes to athletes’ technique due to different lanes were not conclusive. Ground reaction forces revealed between-limb differences during bend sprinting. Furthermore, frontal plane forces were up to 2.6 times larger on the bend than on the straight. Overall, asymmetries were identified between left and right steps for several performance, technique and force variables, suggesting that bend sprinting induces different functional roles between left and right legs, with the left step contributing more to turning to remain on the bend trajectory. The differences in kinematic and kinetic characteristics between the bend and straight, and between-limb asymmetries mean that athletes should apply the principle of specificity to bend sprinting training and conditioning, without sacrificing straight line technique.